影响大白菜高效离体培养再生的因素

大白菜的4日龄子叶和6日龄下胚轴外植体在MS 4～6 mg*L-1 6-BA 0.5 mg*L-1 NAA 5～10 mg*L-1 AgNO3培养基上3～4周后分化出不定芽,带柄子叶和子叶圆片最高再生频率均可达到80%～90%,下胚轴再生频率为40%～55%,在1/2MS 0.2 mg*L-1 IBA培养基上100%生根,据此建立了大白菜离体培养再生系统.     

小麦—大赖草易位系的RFLP分析

利用辐射、花药培养及杀配子基因效应已创制出一系列小麦-大赖草易位系.为在其中找出可能的纯合易位系、明确易位所涉及的相关染色体以及易位断裂点的确切位置,利用了已被定位于小麦7个部分同源群染色体长、短两臂上的67个探针进行了RFLP分析,结果鉴定出3个纯合的易位系:T1BL*7Lr#1S、T4BS*4BL-7Lr#1S和T6AL*7Lr#1S.其中,易位系T1BL*7Lr#1S和T6AL*7Lr#1S中染色体7Lr#1的断裂点位于标记MWG808和标记ABG476.1之间,而1B和6A染色体上的断裂点都在着丝粒附近.易位系T4BS*4BL-7Lr#1S中染色体7L#1的断裂点位于标记BCD349和标记CDO595之间,4B染色体断裂点则位于标记CDO541和标记PSR164之间的长臂上.     

A组轮状病毒VP5*和VP8*的表达和免疫学性质研究

轮状病毒是引起婴幼儿腹泻的主要病原,VP4是RV重要的抗原蛋白,在早期病毒与细胞黏附过程中发挥重要作用,包括受体结合和细胞渗透。在细胞黏附过程中,VP4易被切割成VP5*和VP8*两个片段并以此增强病毒感染性。为了深入研究VP5*和VP8*的免疫学性质,进一步评价其应用前景,本研究从TB-Chen株RV基因组中编码VP4蛋白基因上克隆了VP5*和VP8*开放读码框核苷酸序列,构建了表达质粒,在原核大肠杆菌系统中重组表达了VP5*和VP8*蛋白,进一步分析了它们的免疫学性质。结果显示,VP5*和VP8*可在E.coli中高效表达,重组蛋白VP5* (rVP5*)和VP8* (rVP8*)可诱导免疫豚鼠产生特异性血清抗体,这些抗体可特异性识别自身蛋白（rVP5*或rVP8*）,可识别来自的TB-Chen株重组VP4蛋白,并可识别SA11和Wa感染的MA104细胞中合成的病毒VP4蛋白。这些结果表明,rVP5*和rVP8*蛋白具有较高的免疫原性,抗rVP5*和抗rVP8*的抗体具有高度特异性和交叉反应性。     

弱光对樱桃叶片膜脂过氧化的影响

以无性繁殖的一年生莱阳矮樱桃( Prunus pseudocerasus L. "Laiyang")幼苗为试材,研究了弱光对樱桃叶片膜脂过氧化的影响.结果表明:随着光照强度的减弱,樱桃叶片的净光合速率降低;而MDA含量和膜保护酶活性在弱光下也发生明显变化,其中MDA含量和POD活性上升;CAT活性下降;SOD在366 μmol*m-2*s-1和533.8 μmol*m-2*s-1光强下活性升高,而在228.8 μmol*m-2*s-1和83.9 μmol*m-2*s-1光强下活性下降.     

猪H-FABP基因多态片段的序列分析

利用PCR-RFLP方法在猪H-FABP基因内确定了3个变异酶切位点,分别为5′-上游区HinfI-RFLP、内含子2的HaeIII-RFLP和HinfI*-RFLP（HinfI和HinfI*代表不同区域的HinfI酶切反应）。对每个多态片段进行克隆测序分析,结果表明,5′-上游区HinfI-RFLP是由于1324位的碱基T→C的突变引起;在内含子2中,HaeIII-RFLP变异酶切位点在1811位,发生了C到G的突变;HinfI*-RFLP是由于1970位发生T→C的碱基替换。 Abstract:Three variant restriction sites of porcine H-FABP gene,including HinfI-RFLP in 5′-upsream,HaeIII-RFLP and HinfI*-RFLP in intron 2,were confirmed by PCR-RFLP method.The polymorphic fragments were cloned and sequenced.The results revealed a single nucleotide substitution of T→C at position 1324 for HinfI-RFLP,C→G at position 1811 for HaeIII-RFLP and T→C at position 1970 for HinfI*-RFLP,respectively.     

5种野牡丹属植物花色素成分及影响花色呈色因子分析

为明确野牡丹属(Melastoma L.)植物花瓣的色素成分和呈色机理,为花色育种提供参考。以野牡丹(M.candidum)、白花野牡丹(M.candidum f.albiflorum)、印度野牡丹(M.malabathiricum)、白花印度野牡丹(M. malabathricumvar.alba)、毛稔(M.sanguinrum)5种野牡丹属植物材料,采用目测法、RHSCC比色法和色差仪测定花瓣表型,应用化学显色法、紫外分光光度法对花色素成分及含量进行初步分析与测定,通过徒手切片组织切片法观察花瓣表皮细胞的显微结构和分布特点,测定花瓣pH值、可溶性糖及可溶性蛋白含量等生理指标分析对花色的影响。结果显示,野牡丹属植物花瓣不含叶绿素和类胡萝卜素,紫罗兰色系主要含花青素苷和黄酮类化合物,白色系主要含黄酮类化合物。野牡丹和毛稔花色素分布于上、下表皮,印度野牡丹花色素分布于上、下表皮和栅栏组织,白花野牡丹和白花印度野牡丹花瓣没有发现色素积累;紫罗兰色系野牡丹上表皮细胞呈圆锥形突起,白色系野牡丹上表皮细胞呈不规则的扁平状,它们下表皮细胞全呈不规则的扁平状。野牡丹属植物花色明度L*随花瓣颜色变深而降低,明度L*与红度a*呈极显著负相关、与蓝度b*呈极显著的正相关。花瓣中花青素苷含量与其明度L*和蓝度b*呈显著负相关,pH值与花瓣红度a*呈现显著的负相关。研究表明,野牡丹属植物花色主要由花青素苷决定,花青素苷含量、色素分布、上表皮细胞形状等是引起花色呈现多样的主要因子。     

月季花发育过程中花色变化的生理生化研究

以月季‘仙境’为材料,观测其正面和反面花瓣在开花过程中6个阶段的颜色和其花色的L*、a*、b*、C*、h*值变化,花瓣组织结构,以及pH值、花色素含量、类黄酮含量、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量,探讨月季花色的呈色机理。结果显示:(1)半开期时,花瓣正面红色最深,花色苷、类黄酮、可溶性糖含量最高,而可溶性蛋白含量则在盛开期时达到最高。(2)pH越小时,花瓣红色越深,而且pH值小范围内的变动,就能导致花色的改变。(3)花色素大部分集中分布在上表皮,并且上表皮呈圆锥形小突起、下表皮为扁平状,故上表皮花色深于下表皮,亮度小于下表皮。(4)a*正面与pH值、花色苷和可溶性糖含量呈正相关关系;a*反面与L*正面、L*反面、b*反面呈正相关关系;L*正面与b*正面、L*反面与b*反面呈极显著负相关关系。(5)众多影响花色呈现的因素中,正面(反面)花色主要是受到花色素苷(L*反面)的直接作用,其他因素则通过影响花色素苷(L*反面)间接影响花色的呈现。     

河西绒山羊GOLA-DRB1基因第2外显子变异特征分析

采用PCR-SSCP、克隆测序等方法,分析600只河西绒山羊GOLA-DRB1基因第2外显子遗传特征、SNPs变异类型,同时分析该基因与山羊流产的关联性.结果表明,河西绒山羊DRB1基因第2外显子上存在26个等位基因,序列比对后发现26个等位基因中存在71个核苷酸变异住点,占分析位点总数的30％.其中转换位点25个,占核苷酸多态位点的35.21％;颠换位点35个,占核苷酸多态位点的49.3％;转换和颠换共存位点9个,占12.68％.山羊流产关联性分析结果表明,在河西绒山羊病例组中DRB1*18、DRB1*23、DRBl*26等位基因频率高于正常对照组(P＜0.05),x2值分别为6.31,4.859,6.396,RR值为2.55, 2.72,DRB1*8等位基因频率显著高于正常对照组(P＜0.01),x2值为17.618,RR值为3.59;病例组中DRB1*14等住基因频率低于正常对照组(P＜0.05),x2值为4.812,RR值为0.65,DRB1*1和DRB1*11显著低于正常对照组(P＜0.0l),其中B1的x2值和RR值分别为14.11和0.61,初步推断DRB1*8可能是河西绒山羊流产发病单体型中的遗传易感基因,DRB1*1和DRB1*11可能为其遗传保护基因.     

宽周边视视网膜皮层映射的核磁共振研究

目的:人类视觉皮层的组织方式是视网膜皮层映射组织,先前研究已经证实视觉皮层在中心视采用这种组织方式,本文主要研究宽周边视的视觉皮层组织方式.方法:本文采用一种可以在核磁共振室中使用的光纤设备,设计了30度、40度、50度、60度的类圆环block刺激,使用1.5T的功能性核磁共振仪器,T1高分辨率图像分辨率为1*1*5.5mm,T2加权图像分辨率为4*4*5.5mm,TR反应时间为60,矩阵大小为64*64.核磁共振数据分析使用了SPM2和Brain voyager软件.结果:通过对试验者的数据处理分析,周边视的刺激的反应区域在枕叶上,主要分布在枕叶的前部,刺激反应区域随着偏心率的增大而沿着距状沟从距状沟的后部向前部移动.结论:周边视的视网膜皮层映射组织特性和中心视的特性非常相似.     

中国恒河猴Mamu-A*01基因筛查及其对抗原肽p11C的特异性CTL反应

目的 筛查中国恒河猴Mamu-A*01基因,比较中国恒河猴和印度恒河猴的Mamu-A*01基因序列和功能是否相同.方法 PCR方法检测128只中国恒河猴,用特异性引物扩增Mamu-A*01基因,将PCR扩增后的产物克隆测序后与印度恒河猴的Mamu-A*01基因进行同源比对;酶联免疫斑点检测 (ELISPOT) 方法分别检测5只Mamu-A*01基因阳性和5只阴性恒河猴针对SIV、SHIV抗原肽p11C的特异性CTL反应.结果 共筛查出5 只Mamu-A*01基因阳性恒河猴 (3.91%),经测序分析后与印度恒河猴的同源性可达99.1 %.这5只均为SIV/SHIV感染恒河猴,其中四只SIV感染的猴的ELISPOT结果显示针对p11C的高频CTL反应,斑点数在500-1400/106 PBMCs之间,而另1只SHIV感染的恒河猴及5只阴性猴没有斑点出现.结论 中国恒河猴含有Mamu-A*01基因,基因频率有区域性差异,中国恒河猴的Mamu-A*01可提呈特异性抗原肽p11C.     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.