卡颖蜡蝉属Caristianus Distant中国种类记述（同翅目：颖蜡蝉科）

卡颖蜡蝉属ＣａｒｉｓｔｉａｎｕｓＤｉｓｔａｎｔ中国种类记述（同翅目：颖蜡蝉科）周尧,袁锋,王应伦（西北农业大学昆虫研究所,陕西省杨陵区７１２１００）关键词同翅目,颖蜡蝉科,卡颖蜡蝉属,新种,分类学,中国卡颖蜡蝉属ＣａｒｉｓｔｉａｎｕｓＤｉｓｔａｎｔ,...     

中国颖蜡蝉科一新纪录属及一新纪录种(半翅目:蜡蝉总科)

记述了中国颖蜡蝉科Achilidae1属:埃颖蜡蝉属EpiramaMelichar及1种:弗氏埃颖蜡蝉E.francescoides Fennah,1965。同时提供了该属属征及该种雄虫与雌虫的鉴别特征图。研究标本保存在中国科学院动物研究所(IZCAS)动物标本馆。     

中国瓢蜡蝉科一新记录属

报道中国新记录属广瓢蜡蝉属Macrodaruma Fennah及中国新记录种广瓢蜡蝉M.pertinax Fennah,绘制了其主要外形特征及雄性外生殖器图,首次描记了雌虫的主要外形特征。     

脊额瓢蜡蝉属分类研究（同翅目：蜡蝉总科：瓢蜡蝉科）

综述了脊额瓢蜡蝉属的分类研究历史,记述中国脊额瓢蜡蝉属Gergithoides Schumacher 4个种,其中2个新种：Gergithoides undulatus Wang et CHe,sp.nov.和Gergithoides gibbosus Chou et Wang,sp.nov.,绘制了雄性外生殖器及外部形态主要特征图,并列有种的检索表。新种模式标本均保存在西北农林科技大学昆虫博物馆。     

云南蜡蝉总科新种记述

云南昆虫极为丰富,但蜡蝉总科的种类,除飞虱科外,文献报导的只有7种: 1.菱蜡蝉科Cixiidae的Uliarus petasutus Noualhier 2.蜡蝉科Fulgoridae的Fulgora spinolae Westwood 3.颖蜡蝉科Achilidae的Caristianus ulysses Fennah 4.娜蜡蝉科Nogodinidae的Gaetulia rubiocellata Chou et Lu 6.广蜡蝉科Ricaniidae的Ricania speculum Walker 7.颜蜡蝉科Eurybrachidae的Nesiana seresis China 作者等从云南林业厅林虫普查办公室及周尧、袁锋、杨集昆、李法圣、周静若、王素梅等人所采的标本中,鉴定出一批蜡蝉总科的种类,将另文发表在云南林业厅主编的《云南森林昆虫》一书中。其中有新种5种,记述如下。     

中国西南地区额突瓢蜡蝉属一新种（半翅目：蜡蝉总科：瓢蜡蝉科）

讨论了额突瓢蜡蝉Terticodes polyphemus Fennah,1956的物种识别,描述了中国贵州的额突瓢蜡蝉属1新种:Tetricodes fennahi sp.nov.     

中国象蜡蝉科一新属新种（半翅目：蜡蝉总科）

记述中国象蜡蝉科(半翅目:蜡蝉总科)1新属:滕象蜡蝉属 Dictyotenguna gen. n.,其模式种为周氏滕象蜡蝉 Dictyotenguna choui sp. nov..简要介绍了东洋界和东古北界象蜡蝉系统学发展概况。模式标本保存于中国科学院动物研究所国家动物博物馆。     

蒙瓢蜡蝉属Mongliana Distant的分类研究（同翅目：蜡蝉总科：瓢蜡蝉科）

综述蒙瓢蜡属的分类研究历史，记述中国蒙瓢蜡蝉属Mongliana Distant 7种，其中包括5新种：柔尖蒙飘蜡蝉Mongoliana lanceolata,sp.nov.,三角蒙飘蜡蝉Mongoliana triangularis,sp.nov，锯缘蒙瓢蜡蝉Mongoliana serrata,sp.nov.,褐斑蒙瓢蜡蝉Mongoliana naevia,sp.nov.和曲纹蒙瓢蜡蝉Mongoliana sinuata,sp.nov.绘制了雄性外生殖器及前翅主要特征图，并列有分种检索表。新种模式标本均保存在西北农林科技大学昆虫博物馆。     

中国特有半颖蜡蝉属名录及八通关半颖蜡蝉Semibetatropis patungkuanensis雄性外生殖器首次描记(半翅目:蜡蝉总科:颖蜡蝉科)（英文）

首次描记了八通关半颖蜡蝉Semibetatropis patungkuanensis Chen,Yang&Wilson,1989成虫的雄性外生殖器,增补了该属的雄性外生殖器特征,并给出了该属雄性分种检索表。研究标本保存于贵州大学昆虫研究所。     

中国袖蜡蝉科一新记录属一新种：同翅目：蜡蝉总科

本文记述了作者采自云南省西双版纳勐养的袖蜡蝉科Derbidae国内一新记录属和一新种。模式标本保存在西北农业大学昆虫博物馆。 小袖蜡蝉属Rhotanella Fennah,中国新记录Rhotanella Fennah,1970,Nat.Hist.Rennell Isl.,6(64):67;Rhotanella,Zelazny,1981,Pacif.Ins., 23(3-4):275. 模式种:Rhotanella thy rssi Fennah,1970,Nat.Hist.Rennell Isl,6(64):68. 头顶背面狭三角形,顶和额相连呈圆形。额两侧脊在端部不分开,触角下突起和前胸背板在肩板复眼之间的短纵脊很发达。触角长略大于宽。喙短,不达到或刚达到后足基节。前翅宽,卵圆形,前缘有1个较长,2个中等长和2个较短的前缘室,第二、三     

A cladistic analysis ofAnisopappus (Asteraceae: Inuleae)

A cladistic analysis of the genusAnisopappus (Asteraceae: Inuleae) has been undertaken. A hypothesis of species interrelationships in the genus is presented for the first time. The analysis also includedArctotis (Arctoteae), used as outgroup, and five additional genera from theInuleae: Geigeria, Calostephane, Asteriscus, Buphthalmum, Pulicaria, andInula. It is concluded thatAnisopappus is a monophyletic group situated at the base of the tribe, diagnosed by, e.g., their obtuse stylar sweeping-hairs. The species with acute sweeping-hairs were found to be derived within the genus. Problems concerning species delimitation, biogeography and character evolution in the genus are briefly discussed.     

新建迭部蛤(新名) (Tewomorpha)替代晚出名)(Tewoella Ding and Li, 1987 (非)(Tewoella Sun, 1979)

1993年, 于菁珊和董国义为辽宁上三叠统的非海相双壳类化石建立了一个新属辽宁蚌Liaoningia Yu and Dong, 1993, 以Liaoningia opima Yu and Dong, 1993作为模式种。然而, 早在1979年, 邢裕盛和刘桂芝就已为辽宁晚前寒武纪南关岭组所产的化石标本创建了新属名辽宁水母属Liaoningia Xing and Liu, 1979, 模式种是Liaoningia fuxianensis Xing and Liu, 1979。然而, 多数学者反对将它视为水母类化石, 有人怀疑辽宁水母属是假化石, 迄今学术界并无统一意见, 故本文暂将它归为疑问化石(Problematica)。根据“国际动物命名法规”, 我们提出一个新的属名Liaoningoconcha nom. nov., 用以替代Liaoningia Xing and Liu, 1979的次同义名Liaoningia Yu and Dong, 1993, 仍使用于菁珊和董国义在1993年指定的模式种, 中文译名不变。     

梭菌属分类研究进展:现状和展望

目前构成梭菌属的微生物在系统发育和表型特征上不一致。多相分类数据表明,梭菌属物种之间差异大。大量基于16S rRNA 基因的系统发育研究表明,梭菌属应被限定为梭菌属类群I,作为狭义梭菌属(Clostridium sensu stricto)。尽管有这方面认识,梭菌属新物种仍持续增加,这些新物种并不能与梭菌属类群I 和标准种丁酸梭菌(C. butryicum)形成一致分支,引发梭菌属分类上的混乱。本文明确了梭菌属物种的范围,即只包括模式种和梭菌属类群I。此外,4 个物种念珠状真杆菌(Eubacterium moniliforme)、旋舞真杆菌(Eubacterium tarantellae)、最大八叠球菌(Sarcina maxima)和胃八叠球菌(Sarcina ventriculi)应被调至梭菌属,分别命名为念珠状梭菌(Clostridium moniliforme)、旋舞梭菌(Clostridium tarantellae)、最大梭菌(Clostridium maximum)和胃梭菌(Clostridium ventriculi)。一个新属哈撒韦氏菌属(Hathewaya)被提议成立,3 个梭菌属物种溶组织梭菌(Clostridium histolyticum)、泥渣梭菌(Clostridium limosum)和解朊梭菌(Clostridiumproteolyticum)重新归为溶组织哈撒韦氏菌(Hathewaya histolytica)、泥渣哈撒韦氏菌(Hathewaya limosa)和解朊哈撒韦氏菌(Hathewaya proteolytica),其中Hathewaya histolytica 为模式种。     

桑黄孔菌属的研究进展

历来"桑黄"的种类混淆不清,直至近年来才被确定为桑树桑黄,与其亲缘性相近的物种也一同被划分入广义纤孔菌属的新分支—桑黄孔菌属。本文整理曾被当作"桑黄"的物种,阐述其正名和桑黄孔菌属确立的过程,对目前该属内物种的生物活性和栽培研究进展进行综述,旨在为桑黄孔菌属真菌资源的研究开发提供参考。     

Evidence of paraphyly in the neotropical Porcellanid genus Neopisosoma (Crustacea: Anomura: Porcellanidae) based on molecular characters

Molecular data were used to evaluate the validity of the genus Neopisosoma Haig, 1960. Comparisons of morphological features within Neopisosoma suggest the existence of two lineages, represented among others, by N. angustifrons (Benedict, 1901) and N. neglectum Werding (1986). Both lineages of Neopisosoma are more similar to two morphologically different species groups of the genus Pachycheles, than to congeners of the other group. Comparative morphology of larvae from N. angustifrons, N. neglectum and species of Pachycheles shows that N. angustifrons closely resembles Pachycheles species, whilst N. neglectum is set apart. Sequences of a 465 bp segment of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase I (COI) were obtained and used to infer phylogenetic relationships among N. angustifrons, N. neglectum, one species of Pachycheles and seven other species of porcellanids, representing three other genera. Results of the molecular analysis were congruent to results of comparative morphological studies of larvae: N. angustifrons grouped with the Pachycheles species, whereas N. neglectum is placed apart. This led us to the conclusion that the genus Neopisosoma is probably paraphyletic and that the criterion used by Haig (1960) is not reliable to define the genus. A revision on a world-wide basis of the genera included, and additional sequence information will be necessary to satisfactorily resolve relationships within the Porcellanidae.     

中国隆痣短柄泥蜂属研究及二新记录种记述（膜翅目：方头泥蜂科）

记述我国已知的隆痣短柄泥蜂属Carinostigmus Tsuneki 9种,其中包括2中国新记录种:脉隆痣短柄泥蜂Carinostigmus costatus Krombein, 1984,以及弯柄隆痣短柄泥蜂Carinostigmus maior (Maidl, 1925)。编制了中国隆痣短柄泥蜂属已知种类检索表。     

Plutarchia ecuadorensis (Ericaceae,Vaccinieae): a new species and a new generic record for Ecuador

Plutarchia, a shrubby páramo genus, is here reported for the first time in Ecuador where two species are recognized: P. angulata A. C. Smith and the new P. ecuadorensis Luteyn. These two species are keyed, described, and the new species illustrated.     

Nervostroma, gen. nov. in the Sclerotiniaceae, the teleomorph of Cristulariella, and Hinomyces anam. gen. nov. to accommodate the anamorph of Grovesinia: reassessment of the genus Cristulariella

Taxonomy of the genus Cristulariella is revised, retaining Cristulariella (Crist.) depraedans as the type. Two new species, Crist. cercidiphylli and Crist. corni, are additionally described under the genus. The new anamorphic genus Hinomyces is erected to accommodate Botrytis (Cristulariella) moricola and Cristulariella pruni. A new genus and species, Nervostroma depraedans, is erected in the Sclerotiniaceae to accommodate the teleomorph of Crist. depraedans, with an additional species, Nervostroma cercidiphylli.     

弹尾纲刺齿虫兆属的自然分布扩散及地理起源

基于刺齿虫兆属的自然地理分布特征和调查资料,讨论了弹尾纲刺齿虫兆属的自然分布、扩散和地理起源。结果显示,全球已经描述的57种刺齿虫兆,不仅主要分布于亚洲(54种),而且中国的物种数量最多(32种),土著种数量亦最多(23种)。亚洲之外美国大陆的3个州有2种(全为广布种);夏威夷有6种(包括3个广布种)。作者初步提出了刺齿虫兆属起源和扩散的假设。     

Reliable and rapid discrimination of congeneric species by mtDNA SNP analysis by multiplex PCR: application on three Trachurus and two Mullus fish species as model cases

We present a reliable, time-saving, and cost-effective multiplex PCR assay for discriminating congeneric species. Three fish species of the genus Trachurus and two of the genus Mullus served as model cases. Our multiplex PCR method interrogates species-specific diagnostic mitochondrial single nucleotide polymorphisms (mtSNPs). We selected two sets of mtSNPs that are organized in two multiplex systems for the Trachurus and the Mullus species, respectively. In both systems, all individuals tested could be safely assigned to one of the three Trachurus or two Mullus species. This novel SNP typing system offers a convenient and robust DNA profiling system suitable for large-scale identification of commercial fish species, for species with cryptic larvae or during juvenile stages, as well as for wildlife forensics. Handling editor: Christian Sturmbauer