NaCl胁迫对2种表型盐地碱蓬种子萌发的渗透效应和离子效应研究

采用高低2个浓度的NaCl、LiCl及等渗甘露醇溶液处理紫红色表型(紫色型)和绿色表型(绿色型)盐地碱蓬种子,通过测定它们的种子萌发率、吸胀速率和胚内离子含量,研究NaCl胁迫对2种表型种子萌发的离子效应和渗透效应.结果表明:(1)2种表型盐地碱蓬种子萌发率在高浓度(300 mmol/L)和低浓度(100 mmol/L)NaCl处理下均显著降低,紫色型种子萌发率在低浓度下显著低于绿色型,而在高浓度下却显著高于绿色型;绿色型种子萌发率在高浓度(30 mmol/L)和低浓度(10 mmol/L)LiCl处理下均未受到显著影响,但紫色型种子萌发率却均极显著降低;2种表型盐地碱蓬种子萌发率在低浓度等渗甘露醇处理下均极显著低于低浓度NaCl处理,而高浓度等渗甘露醇处理却均与高浓度NaCl处理无显著差异.(2)2表型种盐地碱蓬种子的吸胀速率在低浓度NaCl处理下没有受到显著影响,但高浓度NaCl处理及与之等渗的高浓度甘露醇处理下都显著降低,而且紫色型种子的吸胀速率在等渗甘露醇处理时显著高于绿色型.(3)2种表型盐地碱蓬种子胚中的Na 含量和Na /K 在对照和低浓度NaCl处理下无显著差异,但紫色型种子胚中的Na 、K 含量在高浓度NaCl处理时都显著高于对照,且K 含量增加的幅度远大于Na 含量,导致紫色型种子胚中的Na /K 显著低于绿色型.研究发现,盐地碱蓬种子萌发在低浓度NaCl胁迫下主要受离子效应抑制,而高浓度NaCl胁迫下则主要受渗透效应抑制,紫色型种子萌发率在高浓度NaCl胁迫下高于绿色型的原因之一是前者能维持更低的Na /K 比.     

外源Glu和GABA对梭梭种子萌发及呼吸速率的影响

通过不同浓度外源谷氨酸(Glu)和γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)以及不同比例Glu/GABA处理梭梭种子,研究它们对梭梭种子萌发率、胚根长度和呼吸速率的影响.结果显示:(1)不同浓度的外源Glu均能显著提高梭梭种子的萌发率,促进胚根的伸长并增强其呼吸速率;(2)外源GABA在低浓度(0.1~5mmol·L-1)时能降低种子萌发率,促进胚根伸长,而高浓度(10mmol·L-1)的效应则相反;不同浓度GABA均抑制种子呼吸速率,且低浓度时抑制效果更明显;(3)不同比例Glu/GABA均能降低种子萌发率,抑制胚根伸长,增强呼吸速率.研究发现,梭梭种子的萌发和呼吸受到外源谷氨酸的促进,却受到外源γ-氨基丁酸的抑制.     

生物土壤结皮对荒漠土壤种子库和种子萌发的影响

研究了腾格里沙漠东南缘在不同自然条件（风、温度、水分）下,人工固沙植被区（24龄、41龄、50龄）和相邻天然植被区的两种生物土壤结皮对荒漠土壤种子库和种子萌发的影响。结果表明,荒漠土壤种子库在苔藓结皮上的储量显著高于藻类结皮。随着生物土壤结皮的发育,种子萌发量在苔藓结皮上增加,在藻类结皮上减少。生物土壤结皮层的含水量对种子萌发有显著的影响（p〈0.05）,植物种子在湿润处理的生物土壤结皮上的萌发量高于干燥处理的生物土壤结皮上的种子萌发量。生物土壤结皮表层温度和亚表层温度对荒漠植物种子萌发无显著影响（p〉0.05）,但总体而言,对于苔藓结皮,植物种子在较高温度下的萌发量略高于在较低温度下的萌发量,而对于藻类结皮,植物种子在较低温度下的萌发量略高。     

白沙蒿种子萌发特性的研究 I. 粘液瘦果的结构和功能

白沙蒿(Artemisia sphaerocephala Krasch.)是中国西北部沙漠的流动及固定沙丘上广泛分布的优势种灌木。瘦果小而轻,借助显微镜和扫描电镜对瘦果的形态结构进行了观察,其种子的种皮与果皮愈合,果皮外层为很厚的粘液层,其粘液层在遇湿后迅速吸水膨胀,其重量增至原来的589倍。在自然生境中,粘液物质将沙粒粘附于瘦果的周围,使瘦果的重量发生变化。瘦果能长时间在水上漂浮,粘液物质有助于种子的萌发和苗的发育。白沙蒿产生三种不同颜色的瘦果,其种子具有不同的萌发速率但最终达到相同的萌发率。研究表明瘦果的粘液物质对白沙蒿种子的传播与萌发具有重要的生态意义。     

白沙蒿种子萌发特性的研究Ⅰ．粘液瘦果的结构和功能

白莎蒿（Ａrtemisia sphaerocephala Krasch.)是中国西北部沙漠的流动及固定沙丘上广泛分布的优势种灌木。瘦果小而轻,借助显微镜和扫描电镜对瘦果的形态结果进行了观察,其种子的种质与果皮愈合,要皮外层为很厚的粘液层,其粘液层在遇湿后迅速吸水膨胀,其重量增至原来的５８９倍。在自然生境中,粘液物质将沙粒粘附于瘦果的使瘦果的重量发生变化。瘦果能长时间在水上漂浮,粘液物质有助于种子的萌发和苗的发育。白沙蒿产生三种不同颜色的瘦果,其种子具有不同的萌发速率但最终达到相的萌发率。研究表明：瘦果的粘液物质对白沙蒿种子的传播与萌发具有重要的生态意义。     

盐胁迫对金牌美达丽和猎狗种子萌发的影响

用不同浓度的NaCl、KCl、MgSO₄和3种盐的复合溶液胁迫金牌美达丽和猎狗种子,观察其发芽率和萌发后子叶及胚根生长情况,对其进行生态阈限分析。结果表明:金牌美达丽和猎狗种子萌发对盐生境的适应性均很强。低浓度NaCl、KCl及复合盐溶液对猎狗种子萌发有促进作用。随盐胁迫强度上升,发芽率呈逐渐下降趋势,高浓度盐明显延缓种子的初始萌发时间,抑制幼苗正常生长。高浓度盐显著降低种子发芽率,但不同盐分对种子发芽率影响不显著。MgSO₄溶液对种子发芽率没有显著抑制现象,但对金牌美达丽胚根的生长有明显抑制作用。     

霸王果翅及其浸提液对种子萌发的影响

在室内控制条件下,研究了霸王果翅对其种子萌发及果翅浸提液对霸王、红砂与无芒隐子草3种荒漠植物种子萌发的影响.结果表明:(1)果翅可完全抑制霸王种子的萌发.具有完整果翅的霸王种子萌发率为0;剥去果翅后霸王种子萌发率最高达91%;果翅刺破后其发芽率为4O%;而将种子与剥离后的果翅一起培养,其发芽率为88%.(2)果翅浸提液在低浓度条件下(0.025 g/Ml)对3种供试种子的萌发率均无显著影响.但高浓度浸提液(>0.025 g/Ml)则均显著降低种子萌发率;不同浓度浸提液均显著降低3种种子的萌发速率,对其胚根生长亦存在显著抑制作用;但对胚芽生长的影响则表现为低浓度(0.025 g/Ml)具促进作用,而高浓度具抑制作用.研究表明,霸王果翅可引起种子休眠,其浸提液中的萌发抑制物是引起种子休眠的主要方式.     

实验室条件下两种生物土壤结皮对荒漠植物种子萌发的影响

生物土壤结皮广泛分布在干旱、半干旱区,深刻影响着土壤表层特性,进而对植物种子散布、萌发和定居产生极大的影响。到目前为止,生物土壤结皮与植物关系的研究很少见到,并且这些有限的研究所得出的结论存在着争议。研究了不同年龄的两种生物土壤结皮（苔藓结皮和藻类结皮）对油蒿（Artemisia ordosica）和雾冰藜（Bassia dasyphylla）种子萌发的影响,同时也研究了这两种结皮在失去活性前后对油蒿、雾冰藜和小画眉草（Eragrostis poaeoides）种子萌发的影响。苔藓和藻类结皮的出现对油蒿和雾冰藜种子的萌发均有显著的促进作用,而结皮年龄对植物种子的萌发没有显著的差异。对于不同的植物种,结皮类型和活性对种子的萌发具有不同的作用。雾冰藜在两种结皮上的萌发有显著的差异而油蒿和小画眉草在两种结皮上的萌发没有显著差异。活藻类显著地增加了三种植物的种子萌发,活苔藓仅增加了油蒿和雾冰藜种子萌发量而对小画眉草种子的萌发没有作用,研究表明,生物土壤结皮对一些植物种子萌发具有明显的促进作用。     

盐分和水分胁迫对盐生植物灰绿藜种子萌发的影响

研究了不同浓度的NaCl和复合盐及等渗溶液(PEG-6000)处理下盐生植物灰绿藜(Chenopodium glaucum L.)种子的萌发状况.结果表明:灰绿藜种子的萌发率与处理溶液的浓度或渗透势之间有显著的负相关关系;在低浓度盐溶液(2.9 g*L-1)中灰绿藜种子的萌发率高于对照(蒸馏水);NaCl溶液对灰绿藜种子萌发的抑制作用大于复合盐溶液.渗透势为-0.2和-0.5 mPa 时,PEG-6000溶液对灰绿藜种子萌发的抑制作用小于等渗NaCl溶液,而在较高渗透势溶液中则正好相反.用渗透势≤-1.8 mPa 的PEG-6000溶液及所有浓度的NaCl和复合盐溶液处理的种子复水后相对萌发率都达到了90%以上,说明一定程度的盐分和水分胁迫对灰绿藜种子萌发潜力并没有很大的影响,并且萌发恢复率随处理盐浓度或PEG-6000溶液渗透势(≤-1.4 mPa)的增加而增加.     

NO参与γ-氨基丁酸促进白三叶种子的萌发过程

白三叶种子用不同浓度γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）处理后,低浓度GABA处理的白三叶种子萌发速率和一氧化氮（NO）含量显著提高;NO清除剂cPTIO和硝酸还原酶（NR）抑制剂叠氮钢（NaN3）显著抑制GABA促进的白三叶种子萌发过程,而一氧化氮合酶（NOS）抑制剂L-NAME对GABA促进白三叶种子萌发的影响不显著。据此推测,GABA促进白三叶种子萌发过程中可能有NO参与,并且NO的产生主要依赖于硝酸还原酶途径。     

Effects of nitric oxide on the germination of cucumber seeds and antioxidant enzymes under salinity stress

Effects of exogenous nitric oxide (NO) on the germination and antioxidant enzyme during cucumber seed germination were investigated under salt stress. Seeds of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. cv. Jinyou 1) were treated with distilled water or NaCl in the presence or absence of NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) during germination. Excess 50 mM NaCl reduced significantly the seed germination rate in a short term and speed of germination. When salt concentration increased, germination of cucumber seed was reduced and the time needed to complete germination lengthened. Addition of exogenous SNP in salt solution attenuated the salt stress effects in a dose-dependent manner, as indicated by accelerating the seed germination, as well as weight increase of budding seeds, and 50 μM SNP was optimal concentration. At 150 mM NaCl, the 50 μM exogenous SNP significantly increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1), catalase (CAT, EC 1.11.1.6) and protein content, while decreased the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA). There were no obvious effects of exogenous NO on peroxidase (POD, EC 1.11.1.6) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX, EC 1.11.1.6) activities under salt stress. Exogenous NO also increased the SOD and CAT isozyme expression under salt stress, which was in accordance with the improved antioxidant activities in the germinating seeds. The NO-induced salt stress resistance was associated with activated enzymes, and enhanced protein content, thus decreasing MDA content. It is concluded that exogenous NO treatment on cucumber seeds may be a good option to improve seed germination under saline conditions.     

The germination of mucilaginous seeds of t Plantago coronopus,Reboudia pinnata,and t Carrichtera annua on cyanobacterial soil crust from the Negev Desert

We studied the effect of intact, crushed or sterile cyanobacterial soil crust from the Negev Desert highlands of Israel as substrates for the germination of seeds of three annual plant species from local populations that produce mucilaginous seeds t Plantago coronopus, Reboudia pinnata and t Carrichtera annua. Mucilaginous seeds of these species were wetted on local intact cyanobacterial soil crust which inhibited their germination in comparison with their germination on filter paper. However, the percentage of germination of each species differed on sterile and crushed soil crust after 72 h of wetting. Germination of t Plantago coronopus seeds was inhibited mechanically and biologically on intact soil crust, since it was significantly higher on both crushed and sterile soil crust. Germination of t Reboudia pinnata seeds was slightly mechanically and biologically inhibited on intact soil crust, but germination on live crushed crust was higher than on sterile crushed crust. By contrast, germination of t Carrichtera annua seeds was not mechanically inhibited by live soil crust but there was significant biological acceleration of germination on intact soil crust relative to crushed soil crust. Each of the three species exhibited different requirements for germination. Germination of t P. coronopus is promoted by disturbances and removing the crust components (including its biological and structural effects). t R. pinnata and t C. annua germination is less affected by crust disturbance but is generally inhibited after removing the live components of the cyanobacterial crust.These species differences suggest different functions of the mucilage of the seed coat for the three species.     

盐胁迫对蓝蓟种子萌发及早期幼苗的影响

研究了不同浓度盐(NaCl)处理对蓝蓟种子发芽势、发芽率及幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:(1)不同盐胁迫处理对蓝蓟种子的萌发具有显著影响。随着盐处理浓度的增加,发芽率呈下降趋势,蓝蓟在无盐环境(蒸馏水)和低盐环境中(0.05 mol/L)长势最好、发芽率最高、发芽速度最快。(2)将不同盐溶液处理5 d的未萌发种子转移到蒸馏水后,蓝蓟种子的萌发能力均可恢复,原来较高盐浓度(0.3 mol/L～0.5 mol/L)下的种子在恢复后,其萌发恢复率均在75%以上,发芽率基本上随着原浓度的升高呈上升的趋势。研究表明,NaCl处理对蓟种子没有造成伤害,其抑制萌发是通过渗透效应而不是离子毒害。     

Diaspore ecology of Mertensia maritima: effects of physical treatments and their relative timing on dispersal and germination

This paper reports an experimental study of water dispersal potential and germination of the shingle beach plant Mertensia maritima in which we consider the effects of physical factors (cold treatment, mechanical wear of the pericarp and salt-water exposure) on the diaspores. Our approach also includes testing effects of different orders of the treatments, in contrast to most earlier studies of diaspore ecology. A cold period was necessary to break seed dormancy, and prolonged cold treatment (stratification at 2°C) enhanced germination. Mechanical wear of the pericarp before cold treatment did not affect germination, whereas mechanical wear after cold treatment increased germination significantly. Seeds exposed to 6 weeks of cold treatment before floating in salt water for 6 weeks did not germinate. In contrast, for seeds given the same cold treatment after floating, the germination was more than 50%. Most undamaged and slightly damaged nutlets stayed afloat throughout the dispersal experiment (9 weeks) in 3% salt water, whereas seeds that fell out of damaged nutlets sunk immediately. Thus, the results suggest that the potential for long-distance dispersal is high unless the diaspores (nutlets) are severely damaged, but the order of cold treatment and water dispersal seems to be of great importance for germination: seeds dispersed in autumn (before cold periods) have a much higher probability of germinating than seeds dispersed in winter or early spring (after a cold period). Similar effects of the relative timing of physical processes have hitherto only been reported for two other water-dispersed beach plants. Future studies in diaspore ecology should consider such timing effects as they may be important determinants of the distribution and abundance of plants.     

Soil crusts and disturbance benefit plant germination, establishment and growth on nutrient deficient sand

The influence of cyanobacterial soil crusts combined with mechanical soil disturbance on germination, establishment, growth and nutrition of Lepidium sativum seedlings on nutrient poor sand was analyzed under controlled conditions in a growth chamber. Marked release of nitrate and ammonia into the soil was only found in established and older (aging) crusts. Analyses of the ¹⁵N signatures of the crust and the seedling biomass revealed, that there was clear evidence that the established seedlings took up considerable amounts of the released nitrogen. This positively affected plant performance. Mechanical disturbance of the crust led to a temporal increase of nitrogen release but later to a considerable decrease of the released nitrogen components. Undisturbed crusts had a low stimulating effect on seed germination. In contrast and independent of the presence or absence of crusts mechanical soil disturbance led to significantly higher seed germination rates. It is concluded that the occurrence of small-scale disturbance events of moderate intensity at an intermediate frequency, which is the typical disturbance regime in many natural soil crust habitats, seems to be necessary for the successful coexistence of crust organisms and higher plants in nutrient poor environments.     

Initial effects of experimental warming on carbon exchange rates, plant growth and microbial dynamics of a lichen-rich dwarf shrub tundra in Siberia

Biological soil crusts can affect seed germination and seedling establishment. We have investigated the effect of biological soil crusts on seed water status as a potential mechanism affecting seed germination. The seed water potential of two annual grasses, one exotic Bromus tectorum L. and another native Vulpia microstachys Nutt., were analyzed after placing the seeds on bare soil, on a crust that contains various lichens and mosses (mixed crust), or on a crust dominated by the crustose lichen Diploschistes muscorum (Scop.) R. Sant. (Diploschistes crust). Seed water potential and germination were similar on the bare soil and the mixed crust, except for the initial germination of V. microstachys, which was higher on the mixed crust than on the bare soil. For the two grasses studied, seed water potential was significantly higher on the bare soil and mixed crust than on the Diploschistes crust. These differences in water potential correlated with differences in germination, which was much lower on the lichen crust. Experiments were conducted under two watering regimens. Increasing the frequency of watering amplified the differences in seed water potential and germination between the Diploschistes crust and the other two surfaces. For a particular watering regimen, the bare soil, mixed crust, and Diploschistes crust received the same amount of water, but they reached significantly different water potentials. Throughout the experiments, the water potential of the soil and mixed crust remained above −0.6 MPa, while there was a marked decline in the water potential of the Diploschistes surface to about −4 MPa. To ascertain that water was the major factor limiting germination on the Diploschistes crust, we conducted germination tests in an environment with 100% relative humidity. Under these conditions, germination on the Diploschistes crust was similar to that on the bare soil. However, the seeds that germinated on the Diploschistes crust did not penetrate this surface and approximately 60% of their root tips became necrotic. Our results indicate that the presence of D. muscorum can inhibit seedling establishment by two mechanisms: a reduction in seed water absorption and an increase in root tip mortality.     

Nitric oxide accelerates seed germination in warm-season grasses

The nitric oxide (NO) donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) significantly promoted germination of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L. cv Kanlow) in the light and in the dark at 25°C, across a broad range of concentrations. SNP also promoted seed germination in two other warm-season grasses. A chemical scavenger of NO inhibited germination and blocked SNP stimulation of seed germination. The phenolic (+)-catechin acted synergistically with SNP and nitrite in promoting seed germination. Acidified nitrite, an alternate NO donor also significantly stimulated seed germination. Interestingly, sodium cyanide, potassium ferricyanide and potassium ferrocyanide at 200 μM strongly enhanced seed germination as well, whereas potassium chloride was without effect. Ferrocyanide and cyanide stimulation of seed germination was blocked by an NO scavenger. Incubation of seeds with a fluorescent NO-specific probe provided evidence for NO production in germinating switchgrass seeds. Abscisic acid (ABA) at 10 μM depressed germination, inhibited root elongation and essentially abolished coleoptile emergence. SNP partially overcame ABA effects on radicle emergence but did not overcome the effects of ABA on coleoptile elongation. Light microscopy indicated extension of the radicle and coleoptiles in seeds maintained on water or on SNP after 2 days. In contrast, there was minimal growth of the radicle and coleoptile in ABA-treated seeds even after 3–4 days. These data indicate that seed germination of warm-season grasses is significantly influenced by NO signaling pathways and document that NO could be an endogenous trigger for release from dormancy in these species.     

Canola seed germination and seedling emergence from pre-hydrated and re-dried seeds subjected to salt and water stresses at low temperatures

Low soil temperatures and low water potentials reduce and delay the seed germination of canola (Brassica rapa L., B. napus L.) in western Canada. Germination is also very sensitive to the salinity effects of nitrogen fertiliser placed with the seed, especially when the seed bed is relatively dry. The effects of pre-hydration and re-drying treatment on canola (Brassica rapa L. cv. Tobin) seed germination and seedling emergence at 10°C subjected to either a water or salt stress were determined. Low water potentials, induced by polyethylene glycol (PEG 8000), low soil moisture, or high concentrations of salts, reduced both germination and seedling emergence, and increased the time to 50% germination and emergence of seeds at 10°C. At equal osmotic potentials, Na₂SO₄ was less inhibitory on low temperature germination than either NaCl or PEG, suggesting that the sulphate ion partially alleviated the inhibitory effects of low water potential. Solutions of NaCI produced more abnormal seedlings compared to Na₂SO₄, suggesting that NaCl was more toxic than Na₂SO₄ during seedling development. Pre-hydration and re-drying partially overcame the inhibitory effects of both low water potential and salts on seed germination and seedling emergence at 10°C. The seed treatment increased the germination rate in Petri dishes and seedling emergence from a sandy loam soil. Water potentials or soil water contents required to inhibit 50% germination or emergence at 10°C were lower for treated seeds compared to control seeds. Salt concentrations inhibiting 50% emergence were higher for treated seeds than control seeds. Neither treated nor control seeds produced seedlings which emerged if the soil water content was lower than 9% or when the soil was continuously irrigated with salt solutions of 100 mmol kg^-1 of NaCl or 50 mmol kg^-1 of Na₂SO₄. These results suggest that the pre-hydration and re-drying treatment did not lower the base water potentials at which seedling emergence could occur. Abnormal seedlings were observed in both treated and control seeds, particularly if the soil was watered with NaCl solutions; however, the seed treatment reduced the number of abnormal seedlings.     

Germination and seed water status of four grasses on moss-dominated biological soil crusts from arid lands

Biological soil crusts dominated by drought-tolerant mosses are commonly found through arid and semiarid steppe communities of the northern Great Basin of North America. We conducted growth chamber experiments to investigate the effects of these crusts on the germination of four grasses: Festuca idahoensis, Festuca ovina, Elymus wawawaiensis and Bromus tectorum. For each of these species, we recorded germination time courses on bare soil and two types of biological soil crusts; one composed predominantly of the tall moss Tortula ruralis and the other dominated by the short moss Bryum argenteum. On the short-moss crust, the final germination percentage was about half of that on bare soil. Also, the mean germination time was 4 days longer on short-mosses than on bare soil. In contrast to the short-moss crust, the tall-moss crust did not reduce the final germination percentage but increased the mean germination time. Similar results were observed in the four grasses studied. To investigate the mechanism by which moss crusts affected germination, we analyzed the water status of seeds on bare soil and moss crusts. Six days after seeding, the water content of seeds on bare soil was approximately twice that of seeds on tall- or short-moss crust. Analysis of the time course of changes in seed weight and water potential in Bromus tectorum revealed that overtime seeds on tall mosses reached higher water content than those on short mosses. The increase in the water content of seeds on tall mosses occurred as the seeds gradually fell through the moss canopy. Taken together, our results indicate that biological soil crusts with distinct structural characteristics can have different effects on seed germination. Furthermore, this study revealed that a biological soil crust dominated by short mosses had a negative effect on seed water status and significantly reduced seed germination.     

外源5-氨基乙酰丙酸对盐胁迫下菘蓝种子萌发及幼苗抗氧化酶活性的影响

采用砂培方式,研究了外源5-氨基乙酰丙酸(ALA)对盐胁迫下菘蓝种子的萌发、幼苗叶片的可溶性糖含量、丙二醛(MDA)含量及其抗氧化酶活性的影响,探讨ALA缓解菘蓝受盐胁迫伤害的响应机制。结果显示:(1)菘蓝种子萌发及幼苗生长在100 mmol·L^-1 NaCl胁迫下受到明显的抑制,种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数与自然含水量均显著降低,丙二醛含量、可溶性糖含量以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性显著升高。(2)盐胁迫下适宜浓度的ALA处理显著提高了种子萌发率、自然含水量及SOD、POD和CAT活性,降低了可溶性糖和丙二醛的含量,并以16.7 mg·L^-1 ALA处理盐胁迫下菘蓝种子的发芽率、发芽势最大,其幼苗的SOD、POD、CAT活性最强。研究表明,盐胁迫显著抑制菘蓝种子的萌发及幼苗生长,适宜浓度的ALA能够有效缓解盐胁迫对菘蓝种子萌发及幼苗生长的伤害,提高植株的抗盐性,并以16.7 mg·L^-1 ALA处理效果最佳。