茶多酚提取优化工艺研究

本文研究了可食用茶多酚的提取优化工艺。萃取剂为乙醇,料液比1：15,浸提过程伴随300W超声波震荡,就乙醇的浓度、提取温度、提取时间和提取次数等因素利用正交设计筛选了茶多酚的最佳提取工艺条件,并对浸提液最佳离子沉淀方法作了比较。结果表明,茶多酚提取的最佳工艺条件为：65％的乙醇溶液作浸提剂,当浸提温度为50℃,浸提时间30min,两次超声波辐射浸提后茶多酚从粗茶叶中的提取率为20．1％。沉淀剂AlCl3和ZnSO4质量比为1：2对茶多酚的沉淀效果最佳,pH=6．0。     

复方明目口服液的制备工艺研究

目的：探究以枸杞子和菊花为主药，玫瑰花、麦芽、陈皮为辅药组建的复方明目口服液的最佳制备工艺。方法：以复合多糖提取率和浸膏得率为评价指标，采用单因素试验和正交试验对复方明目口服液的制备工艺进行探究。结果：单因素实验结果可得，复方明目口服液的最佳提取条件为料液比1∶14、提取温度80℃、提取时间2.5 h。正交实验方差分析表明液料比在提取工艺中为显著性因素，其次为提取温度，而提取时间对提取结果影响最小。结论：复方明目口服液的最佳制备工艺为料液比1∶14、提取温度100℃、提取时间2 h，且多糖提取率和浸膏得率分别高达15.28%±0.012%、33.89%±0.024%。     

黄花菜多糖的提取工艺及含量测定

采用单因子试验和L9（33）正交试验设计对水浴提取黄花菜多糖的最佳工艺条件进行了优化,并对苯酚—硫酸法测定黄花菜多糖作了修正。结果表明：提取黄花菜多糖的最佳工艺条件为：温度80℃、浸提6h、料液比1∶15时,黄花菜多糖的提取率最高,多糖含量为2.68%。并以此计算出苯酚—硫酸法葡萄糖标准曲线测黄花菜多糖的换算因子为4.2。     

黄精多糖提取工艺优化及其吸湿、保湿性能研究

目的：优化黄精多糖提取工艺,并研究其吸湿保湿性能、探索其护肤功能。方法：采用热回流法结合正交进行黄精多糖提取工艺优化;以黄精多糖为实验对象,采用重量法进行吸湿性（相对湿度分别为43%和81%）、保湿性试验,并对吸湿曲线进行模型拟合;将黄精多糖添加到市售面霜中进行皮肤水分测试。结果：实验表明黄精多糖最佳提取工艺条件为：料液比1∶25 (g/mL),提取时间是150 min,提取次数为1次;黄精多糖在不同相对湿度下的吸湿均符合双指数模型;置于干硅胶环境下48 h,黄精多糖保湿率为14.00%。结论：黄精多糖具有良好的保湿性,在护肤品开发中具有一定的应用价值。     

白芨口腔溃疡贴膜的研究

本文研究了白芨口腔溃疡贴膜的制备工艺,并进行了性能测试和人体试验。结果表明,最佳工艺条件:胶液粘度为1 060 mPa.s;膜厚为0.20~0.25 mm;甘油添加量3.0%,60℃下热风干燥3 h。该贴膜有较强的粘贴力、缓释性和局部滞留性;工艺简单、成本低;使用方便、收效甚佳。     

苦瓜皂苷提取工艺研究

采用正交设计研究回流法苦瓜皂苷的提取工艺。考察提取温度、乙醇浓度、固液比和提取时间等因素在不同水平下对苦瓜皂苷提取率的影响,并对结果进行方差分析和显著性检验。结果显示乙醇提取法最佳工艺组合为A3B1C2D3,即70％乙醇,固液比为1：15,100℃回流提取1．5h,重复提取3次。     

食品级槐豆胶的加工工艺及漂白研究

本文主要研究了食品级槐豆胶的加工工艺。结果表明:用此工艺加工的槐豆胶纯度高,无臭无味,胶颜色灰白至白色,具有良好的稳定性和增粘性。此工艺对胶的粘度及与黄原胶的协效性影响较小。红外光谱测定表明,用此工艺加工的槐豆胶,其分子结构未发生变化。     

藜蒿总黄酮提取工艺研究

本文采用单因素实验和正交实验设计,对藜蒿总黄酮的乙醇提取工艺和水提工艺分别进行了系统考察。结果发现,以总黄酮得率作为考察指标,藜蒿总黄酮的乙醇最佳提取工艺条件为：70℃用20倍量45％乙醇提取2次,每次1．75h。藜蒿总黄酮的最佳水提工艺条件为：95℃用25倍量的水提取2次,每次1．5h。醇提法0．412％的得率比水提法得率0．372％略高。     

水提醇沉法提取半枝莲粗多糖中总糖含量的最佳工艺研究

目的：探求传统水提醇沉方法下提取半枝莲粗多糖中总糖最适高效提取方案。方法：通过传统方法以水提取有效成分,以醇除杂精制的方法,改变提取时间、温度、料液比等影响因素,对所获得的半枝莲粗多糖含量进行考查,并通过统计分析方法对工艺进行优化研究。结论：应用水提醇沉法提取半枝莲粗多糖中总糖含量的最佳工艺条件为：浸提温度100℃、料液比1∶3、浸提时间1h。     

凤眼莲总黄酮最佳提取条件的探讨

目的：研究从凤眼莲（Eichhornia crassipes）中提取总黄酮的最佳提取条件。方法：以乙醇为溶剂,采用浸提法和超声波法提取凤眼莲总黄酮,通过单因素实验比较两种提取方法;并对黄酮提取物的抗氧化性进行了研究。结果：浸提法提取凤眼莲中总黄酮的最佳工艺条件：乙醇50%、提取温度70℃、提取时间3h、料液比1：40,总黄酮提取率4.30%;超声波法提取凤眼莲总黄酮的最佳工艺条件：乙醇50%、提取时间30min、料液比1：40、超声功率320W,提取率5.09%;凤眼莲总黄酮清除.OH的能力比甘露醇强,而清除.O2-的能力低于Vc。结论：超声波法是提取黄酮类物质较为理想的途径,凤眼莲总黄酮具有一定抗氧化活性。     

珍珠菜抗肿瘤有效成分的提取工艺优选

目的：优选珍珠菜中抗肿瘤活性成分的提取工艺。方法：分别以芦丁和齐墩果酸为对照品,采用紫外分光光度法测定总黄酮和总皂苷含量,用L9（3^4）正交设计法优化醇提工艺。结果：优化的提取工艺为70％乙醇提取3次,第1次12倍量,第2次10倍量,第3次8倍量,每次1．5h。结论：优化的提取工艺简便易行,稳定可靠。     

The application of special photographic technics in electron microscopy]

The paper reports about the application of special photographical technics in the electron microscopy. Using this methods the information contents of electromicrogramms are better to be utilized than with conventional photographical technics. Holocopy (Holokopie) allows to copy negatives of a high degree of density whereas the developing detail filter technics (Entwicklungs-detailverfahren, EDFV) as a photochemical mask method equalizes the plain contrast and improves the detail contrast and the sharpness of outlines.     

Technical note on determining the sanitary quality of edible bivalves

The authors propose two new technics swift and accurate, to determine the sanitary quality of edible Bivalves. They experiment their technics on a sample of Mussels subjected in a conchal area to the method of self filtering.     

Causes of local recurrence after curative surgery for rectal cancer

The rate of local recurrence (LR) has been 20-40% after resective surgery for rectal cancer by the traditional - Miles or Dixon - operative technics. The authors performed curative resection in 358 patients with rectal cancer in a 10 year period (01.01.1990 - 31.12.2000) in the Surgical Department of Szeged University. Since 01.01.1996 the authors changed this type of surgery for the Heald technics (total mesorectal excision - TME - with sharp dissection, using the UltraCision device) for the surgical treatment of middle or lower third rectal cancer. To compare the results of the two procedures, the authors analysed their material in two periods: Period I: 01.01.1991 - 31.12.1992: 62 patients operated on with the traditional operative technics; LR 15% within 2 years after surgery. Period II: 01.01.1997 - 31.12.1998: 78 patients operated on with the Heald technics (TME with sharp dissection); LR 6.4% within 2 years after surgery. Based on their results, the authors found that the modern operative technics by Heald, used in the second period of the study, was a relevant factor decreasing LR from 15% to 6.4%, while the gender, age of the patients, ratio of the abdominoperineal extirpation versus anterior resection (APRE/AR) and the free margin of more than 3 cm proved to be irrelevant.     

Habitats and health,an incentive action for research on managing comfortable and healthy indoor environments

Summary New technics as saving energy and air conditioning technics, protections against polluted environments, evolution of way of life and more generaly the essential fight for quality justify in France, as in many others industrial countries, new programms of research to improve salubrity, safety and comfort in building.     

A Comparison of the Crystal Violet Nuclear Stain with Other Technics

The crystal violet nuclear stain was compared with the acid Giemsa and thionin-SO₂ stains, and it was found that the three technics revealed nuclear structures which were identical. Various methods of fixation and hydrolysis were tested and it was concluded that the crystal violet gave more uniform results if used without fixation or hydrolysis. The effects of these treatments on the other technics are discussed.     

A Technic for Staining Mouse Pituitary

Many technics for histological staining of the pituitary gland have been devised. Since most of the methods described have been for animals other than the mouse, and since the mouse hypophysis, for some unknown reason, is difficult to stain by the accepted technics, the present writer has worked out a modification of Mallory's triple staining method.     

低能离子注入木聚糖酶产生菌黑曲霉(Aspergillus Niger)育种中参数的优化

本文对离子束技术的注入工艺和在不同能量下的不同注入剂量下黑曲霉的存活率和突变率进行了研究,目的是为了找到恰当的注入工艺和良好的注入参数,使诱变达到较好的效果。结果发现:当注入离子为氮离子时,在10keV的能量下注入剂量为5.2×1014ions/cm2和1.56×1015ions/cm2时,诱变效果较好。在这注入条件下,通过培养基优化,使木聚糖酶酶活达到600IU/ml。     

A Comparison of Deformalizing Technics

Five methods of removing bound formalin from tissues were studied with the Cajal, Del Rio-Hortega, and Feulgen technics used as indicators of efficiency of removal. The tissues had been fixed in 10% formalin for varying periods from one week to several years. The most effective means of eliminating the effects of formalin on staining was two 24-hour changes of 20% aqueous chloral hydrate. Tissue so treated (in the block) gave good results with both the Feulgen and Cajal technics. The Del Rio-Hortega silver carbonate method did not differentiate microglia and oligodendroglia, although astrocytes, unstained in untreated material, stained well after deformalinizhig.     

柠檬酸行业清洁生产工艺的可行性分析

本文从技术和经济效益两方面来分析以玉米为原料所进行的柠檬酸清洁生产工艺的可行性。