毛尾刺虫无性生殖周期中的形态和形态发生

利用蛋白银染色法研究了毛尾刺虫的形态及无性生殖周期中的形态发生,其过程为：（１）后仔虫口原基出现在左缘棘毛内侧深层,其内的毛基体组装成整齐排列的小膜并分化成新ＡＺＭ１,ＡＺＭ２和口侧膜,（２）前仔虫口原基出现在老仔虫ＡＺＭ２之前方深处,其随后发育成前仔虫的ＡＺＭ２口侧膜及ＡＺＭ１的一部分,并更新老结构的ＡＺＭ１中第７－１１片小膜,（３）额腹横棘毛原基为５列,分别以３：３：２：２：３方式分化最终产出     

卡龙游仆虫无性生殖期间的形态发生学研究：原生动物,纤毛虫

卡龙游仆虫为海洋中自由生纤毛虫,利用银染法对该种二分裂期间的形态发生学进行了初步的研究,其主要过程为：１．伴随大核改组带的出现和ＤＮＡ复制开始,口原基发生于老口围 方皮膜下一龛腔内,后由前至后组装成围口小膜而演化为后ＡＺＭ。老口围带及口侧膜在原位被被前仔虫继承;２．体棘毛场首先出现两组棘毛原基,其随后各自独立演化成９根前、后仔虫的额－腹－横棘毛;３．缘棘毛原基也为独立发生,初为单一,后断裂为二并分     

云南三种同域分布的棘蛙（蛙科Ranidae：无尾目Anura）的核型和银带研究

本文比较分析了云南景东地区三种同域分布棘蛙的核型和Ａｇ－ＮＯＲｓ。花棘蛙２ｎ＝２６（１６Ｍ＋ １０ＳＭ）,ＮＦ＝５２,次缢痕和Ａｇ－ＮＯＲｓ位于１ｐｉｎｔｅｒ,Ｎｏｓ．２－４,８,９等为ＳＭ。棘肛蛙２ｎ＝４０（１６Ｍ＋ ２０ＳＭ＋２ＳＴ＋２Ｔ）,ＮＦ＝７８,Ｎｏｓ．５－９,１１－１３,１５,１７等１０对为ＳＭ,Ｎｏ．３为ＳＴ,Ｎｏ．１８为Ｔ,其余 均为Ｍ,Ａｇ－ＮＯＲｓ位于１１Ｐ。二种的Ａｇ－ＮＯＲｓ都有异形现象。双团棘胸蛙２ｎ＝６４Ｔ,次缢痕和Ａｇ－ ＮＯＲＳ在４ｑｐｅｒ。都未发现异形性染色体。最后,对棘蛙属的核型演化机制和物种形成方式作了讨论。     

PALAEOZOOLOGICAL Museum of China(英汉对照)

ＰＡＬＡＥＯＺＯＯＬＯＧＩＣＡＬＭｕｓｅｕｍｏｆＣｈｉｎａ（英汉对照）ＴｈｅＰａｌａｅｏｚｏｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌＭｕｓｅ－ｕｍｏｆＣｈｉｎａｆｏｕｎｄｅｄｂｙｔｈｅＩｎｓｔｉ－ｔｕｔｅｏｆＶｅｒｔｅｂｒａｔｅＰａｌａｅｏｎｔｏｌｏｇｙａｎｄＰａｌａｅｏａ...     

黄鼠下丘脑视前区NE能神经支配对冬眠阵的调制

侧脑室注射６－ＯＨＤＡ（２００μｇ／只）选择性损毁脑内去甲肾腺能（ＮＥ）系统可促进达乌尔黄鼠冬眠,其损毁范围涉及下丘脑、大脑皮层、海马、中脑导水管等处。为了探讨ＮＥ系统调节冬眠的局限部位,本实验用小剂量６－ＯＨＤＡ（４μｇ／ｕｌ）分别双侧注射下丘脑内侧视前区（ＭＰＡ）、外侧视前区（ＬＰＡ）、下丘脑的腹内侧核（ＶＭＨ）。结果表明,损毁ＭＰＡ的ＮＥ支配可促进黄鼠冬眠;说明ＭＰＡ是接受ＮＥ系统影响并参与     

金樱子花粉形态及营养成分研究

金樱子花粉形态及营养成分研究刘剑秋,张清其,吴文珊（福建师范大学生物系,福州３５０００７）ＳＴＵＤＩＥＳＯＮＭＯＲＰＨＯＬＯＧＹＡＮＤＮＵＴＲＩＴＩＯＮＣＯＭＰＯＳＩＴＩＯＮＳＯＦＰＯＬＥＮＯＦＲＯＳＡＬＡＥＶＩＧＡＴＡ￥ＬｉｕＪｉａｎｇ－ｑｉｕ;Ｚ...     

海洋纤毛虫黄色伪角毛虫无性生殖期间的形态发生

利用蛋白银染色技术研究了海洋纤毛虫———黄色伪角毛虫Pseudokeronopsisflava (Cohn ,186 6 )Wirns berger,Larsen&Uhlig ,1987无性生殖期间的细胞发生学。其主要特征为 :1)前仔虫口原基以独立发生的方式出现并独特地形成于口前庭右侧的皮层深处 ,由其对老口围带进行完全的更新 ;2 )老口器不参与新口器的形成 ,完全被吸收 ;3)前仔虫的额 -腹 -横棘毛原基同样为独立发生 ,老结构可能不参加其随后的发育 ;4 )后仔虫的口原基、波动膜原基及额 -腹 -横棘毛原基均来自最初排列无序的毛基粒发生场 ;5 )背触毛及缘棘毛的更新发生在老的结构中 ,并向前后延伸取代老结构 ;6 )在整个发生过程中 ,无大核融合现象。文中同时对该种所表现的发生学特征及系统学意义做了探讨     

中国几种棘蛙的核型C—带和Ag—NORs研究

本文对４种棘蛙的核型、Ｃ－带和Ａｇ－ＮＯＲｓ作了观察分析,结果表明无声囊棘蛙２ｎ＝６４Ｔ,Ａｇ－ＮＯＲｓ在２０ｑ＾ｉｎｔｅｒ,全部着丝点区域Ｃ－带正染。云南的棘腹蛙、察隅棘蛙和河南太行山隆肛蛙３者,其２ｎ＝２６,５＋８模式,但相互间ＳＭ的对数和顺序有所不同;前二者的Ａｇ－ＮＯＲｓ均在６ｐ＾ｐｅｒ,但Ｃ－带有很大的不同：察隅棘蛙的着丝点Ｃ－带浅染,但有较多的端部和居间型Ｃ－带。隆肛蛙的Ａｇ－ＮＯＲｓ     

延髓腹外侧区微量注射L－NNA和SNP对大鼠血压、心率和肾交感神经活动的影响

在麻醉大鼠观察了向延髓腹外侧区微量注射ＮＯ合成酶抑制剂Ｎ－硝基左旋精氨酸（ＬＮＮＡ）和硝普钢（ＳＮＰ）对血压、心率和肾交感神经活动的影响,旨在探讨中枢左旋精氨酸－ＮＯ通路在动脉血压调节中的作用及其机制。实验结果如下：（１）向延髓腹外侧头端区（ＲＶＬＭ）注射Ｌ－ＮＮＡ后,平均动脉压（ＭＡＰ）升高,肾交感神经活动（ＲＳＮＡ）增强;心率（ＨＲ）减慢,但无统计学意义。ＭＡＰ和ＲＳＮＡ的变化持续３０ｍｉｎ以上;此效应可被预先静注左旋精氨酸所逆转。（２）向ＲＶＬＭ微量注射ＳＮＰ,ＭＡＰ降低,ＲＳＮＡ减弱;但ＨＲ的变化无统计学意义。（３）向延髓腹外侧尾端区（ＣＶＬＭ）注射Ｌ－ＮＮＡ,ＭＡＰ降低,ＨＲ减慢,ＲＳＮＡ减弱。（４）向ＣＶＬＭ微量注射ＳＮＰ,ＭＡＰ升高,ＲＳＮＡ增强,而心率无明显变化。以上结果表明,中枢左旋精氨酸－ＮＯ通路对延髓腹外侧部的神经元活动有调变作用。     

单胞藻－卤虫能流实验研究

单胞藻－卤虫能流实验研究周名江,颜天,滕文法,杨纪明（中国科学院海洋研究所,青岛,２６６０７１）ＥＸＰＥＲＩＭＥＮＴＳＯＮＥＮＥＲＧＹ－ＦＬＵＸＦＲＯＭＭＩＣＲＯＡＬＧＡＥＴＯＡＲＴＥＭＩＡＳＡＬＩＮＡＬ．￥ＺｈｏｕＭｉｎｇｊｉａｎｇ;ＹａｎＴｉａｎ...     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.