标记抗生物素-生物素酶联免疫吸附试验(LABELISA)检测血清抗-HBc/IgM的研究

本文将BAS用于固相免疫吸附试验,建立LAB-ELISA抗-HBc/IgM试验方法,并与普通ELISA法进行了比较。实验表明:本法敏感性较普通ELISA高2—4倍,检出率高出后者6.8％,且具有较好的重复性。为血清抗-HBc/IgM检测提供了一种新的、切实可行的方法。本试验采用改良过碘酸盐法制备酶标记抗生物素,以含A蛋白葡萄球菌菌体亲和吸附试验制备抗-μ抗体,在稀释液中加入凝聚正常兔IgG以克服类风湿因子的干扰、考核方法的特异性采用了含A蛋白葡萄球菌菌体吸附试验及抗HBc-抑制试验。     

用生物素标记结核菌单克隆抗体检测脑脊液结核菌抗原的研究

应用生物素标记结核菌单克隆抗体酶联免疫吸附试验(BA-ELISA)检侧脑脊液结核菌扰原,并在同一滴定板上与常规ELISA比较。结果表明在85.4%的脑脊液中,BA-ELISA较常规ELiSA敏感,抗原滴度为后者的2.5倍。本法阳性率为88.5%,明显高于常规ELISA法(p<0.05),而其非特异性却无明显增加,提示本法为结核性脑膜炎的免疫学诊断提供了一种比常规ELISA更为敏感的新方法。     

抗体捕捉ELISA法检测特异性IgM在流行性乙型脑炎诊断中的应用

用抗体捕捉ELISA法(Mac ELISA)检测了临床疑似流行性乙型脑炎病人109例,75例阳性,阳性率为68.8％。经与血凝抑制试验和2-ME处理试验进行比较,结果MacELISA查出的75例阳性中,血凝抑制试验和2-ME处理试验也阳性者54例,阴性者21例,说明本法较常规方法敏感。有6例病人在发病第1天就可测到IgM抗体。第一周的阳性检出率为83.8％。对正常人、其它疾病病人和类风湿因子阳性者的血清测试结果均为阴性。 本试验底物采用3,3′,5,5′-四甲基联苯胺(TMB)代替OPD,使方法的敏感性提高4～8倍。用NaN_3终止反应能保持蓝色数月不变,视差明显,易于肉眼观察。     

同位素与生物素标记的HCMV DNA探针检测婴儿肝炎综合症血和尿标本的比较

用~(32)P和生物素标记的克隆化的人巨细胞病毒(HCMV)AD169株DNA片段作探针,采用DNA-DNA斑点杂交法,对照检测了27例婴儿肝炎综合症患者(血清学检测为非甲非乙型肝炎者)临床血、尿标本的HCMV-DNA。其中16份血标本呈阳性,占59％;9份尿标本呈阳性,占33％。初步结果表明,血标本中HCMV DNA检出率比尿标本检出率高26％。标记的~(32)P探针可检测10pg同源DNA,生物素探针可检测50Pg同源DNA,均不与其它疱疹病毒及未感染的人胚肺细胞DNA杂交。将其中26份血标本的HCMV DNA杂交结果与抗HCMV IgM ELISA检测结果相比较,符合率为65％。     

应用纯化的重组Epstein-Barr病毒早期抗原建立检测鼻咽癌病人血清IgA/EA抗体的ELISA方法

利用凝胶和离子交换柱(Mono Q)两次层析,将大肠杆菌表达的EB病毒早期抗原P138片段多肽纯化。以此P138为抗原,增加鼠抗人IgA单克隆抗体以扩大IgA的反应,建立了三步ELISA法。用本法检查了100例鼻咽癌病人和63例正常人血清中抗EB病毒IgA/EA抗体,病人血清的阳性检出率为86％,正常人有3例阳性(4.7％)。此结果表明,三步ELISA法较常用的间接ELISA法(阳性检出率为71％)敏感。     

用生物素-亲和素ELISA法检测人胚肺二倍体细胞培养的甲型肝炎病毒抗原

利用生物素-亲和素生物放大系统的原理,建立了新的检测细胞培养的甲型肝炎病毒抗原的方法。用生物素标记的抗甲肝IgG,与免疫偶联于固相的甲肝抗原作用,然后用亲和素-生物素辣根酶复合物(ABPC)与生物素化的IgG偶合,邻苯二胺(OPD)显色。该法在检测甲肝抗原中获得满意结果,灵敏度比普通ELISA法提高约10倍,非特异性显著降低。该法可进一步发展成为一种高特异性的,灵敏的甲肝临床诊断和流行病学调查的技术。     

生物素一亲和素系统试剂及其应用的研究I．试剂的制备和鉴定

本文报道生物索－亲和素系统(Bas)成套试剂的制备及其鉴定结果。活化生物素BNHs由生物素与羟基丁二酰亚胺脱水缩台而成。亲和素用cMc柱二次梯度层桁法从鸡蛋清中提取。生物素化羊抗兔(b—Sarg)和生物索化过氧化物酶(b-HRP)分别由Sarg和HRP与BNHs反应获得。经鉴定,上述四种试剂均符合要求。通过Abc ELIsA法检测兔抗人Ig表明,用全套自制的Bas试剂所得结果与进口产品一致,其灵敏度可达1：256000以上,超过常规ELIsA水平。现正进行Bas免疫酶法与其它免疫酶测定法的对比试验,并用Bas检测其它免疫反应体系,同时将研制成套Bas试剂盒。     

质粒DNA抗原芯片检测抗双链DNA抗体的初步研究

目的:建立以质粒DNA作为抗原的检测血清中抗双链DNA(dsDNA)抗体的芯片方法,并与酶联免疫吸附实验比较,初步探讨用芯片法检测抗dsDNA抗体的临床价值。方法:将原核表达载体质粒pcDNAⅡ用质粒DNA快速抽提试剂盒提取纯化DNA后按1∶2稀释,用点样仪点在经3-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(APES)修饰的玻片上,温孵后用含有1%小牛血清白蛋白和2.5%蔗糖的PBST封闭,以Cy3标记的人IgG为二抗,建立检测dsDNA抗体的芯片方法,并与德国欧蒙公司生产的抗双链DNA检测ELISA试剂盒做比较,对包括58例系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)、25例干燥综合征(SS)、10例皮肌炎(DM)和7例类风湿关节炎(RA)在内的病人和60例健康人对照进行了抗dsDNA的对比检测。结果:对阳性标本的检测,与现用常规检测方法ELISA相比,芯片检测抗dsDNA的灵敏度为91.3%,特异度为90.7%,阳性预测值为89.3%,阴性预测值为92.5%;对健康对照的检测,2种方法均为阴性,符合率为100%。结论:与ELISA相比,用质粒DNA作为抗原建立的芯片方法的灵敏度和特异度较高,为今后建立同时检测多个自身抗体的芯片奠定了基础。     

应用基因重组Epstein-Barr病毒早期抗原P83蛋白检测鼻咽癌患者血清中的IgA/EA抗体

将pUCB质粒表达的P83蛋白应用于免疫印迹法(IB)和ELISA中,检测了85例鼻咽癌(NPC)患者和100例健康人血清,同时与免疫酶法(IE)作比较。结果表明,免疫印迹法对NPC患者血清阳性检出率为94％;ELISA法阳性检出率为88％;而IE法阳性率为64％。三种方法检测健康人血清出现低水平IgA/EA抗体的阳性率分别为4％、3％及2％。用IE法检测IgA/EA抗体为阴性的NPC患者血清,用IB法检测的阳性率达87％,ELISA法阳性检出率为77％。IB法与ELISA法之间具有较好的正相关(r=0.67,P<0.01)。     

双单克隆抗体ELISA间接夹心法检测流行性出血热病毒抗原

建立了检测流行性出血热(EHF)病毒抗原的双单克隆抗体(McAb)ELISA同接夹心法,用本法和间接荧光抗体技术(IFAT)相比较,IFAT检出感染细胞内病毒抗原的高峰在感染后第8天,而ELISA检测感染上清中病毒抗原的高峰在第14天,两方法检测179份人工感染EHF病毒的乳鼠脑和肺组织标本,阳性检出率分别为72.1％和68.2％,实验结果表明,本法特异,敏感,简便,不仅可用于EHF病原学研究,也适用于流行病学调查检测大量鼠肺标本。     

Suitability of yeast- and Escherichia coli-expressed hepatitis B virus core antigen derivatives for detection of anti-HBc antibodies in human sera

Antibody to hepatitis B virus core antigen (anti-HBc) is one of the most important serological markers during hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. The quality of the hepatitis B virus core antigen (HBcAg; diagnostic antigen) is crucial to the accuracy of anti-HBc detection. In an attempt to explore the suitability of recombinant HBcAg (rHBcAg) for diagnostic purposes, HBcAg was expressed in Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Pichia pastoris (P. pastoris) and evaluated for the detection of anti-HBc. The expression level of the recombinant protein satisfied the criteria for large-scale biologic production. P. pastoris- and E. coli-derived rHBcAg were purified with gel filtration followed by sucrose gradient (reagents A and C) or with a monoclonal anti-HBc antibody binding (reagents B and D) and were utilized to detect anti-HBc in competitive inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) format. The ELISA using P. pastoris-derived rHBcAg had a higher specificity and sensitivity than that using E.coli-derived rHBcAg to detect the anti-HBc standard panel. Serum specimens were collected from HBV-infected patients and healthy individuals (voluntary blood donors). Anti-HBc was detected in those specimens using P. pastoris- and E. coli-derived rHBcAg. The positive rate of anti-HBc detection in HBV-infected patients' sera was 100% with reagents A and B, 96.4% with reagent C, and 93.6% with reagent D. The negative rate in healthy control sera was 100% with reagents A and B, 97.0% with reagent C, and 99.7% with reagent D. These data indicate that P. pastoris-derived rHBcAg is superior to E.coli-derived rHBcAg for the detection of anti-HBc using the diagnostic ELISA.     

猴结核病血清抗体检测方法的建立

目的目前活检猴感染结核病的检疫方法只有结核菌素试验。由于检测方法的单一性,结核菌素试验敏感性和特异性低,给灵长类结核病的管理带来困难。为此,开展了猴结核病血清抗体的检测方法。方法利用胞浆蛋白、结核菌素、Trehalose 6,6-’dimycolate(TDM)分别作为抗原建立猴结核病血清抗体ELISA检测方法,检测了28份自然感染血清和121份阴性血清,评价其应用价值。结果根据三种抗原对标本检测结果的敏感度和特异度,用受试者工作特性曲线(ROC)进行分析比较。胞浆蛋白、结核菌素、TDM三种抗原检测的敏感度分别为89.3%、75%与64.3%;特异度分别为93.4%、95.9%与88.4%。ROC曲线下面积都大于0.5(P<0.01)。结论表明三种抗原能用于抗猴结核病的ELISA检测,具有较好的准确性。其中,胞浆蛋白抗原的敏感性和特异性最高,是猴结核病血清抗体检测较好的一种抗原。     

乙型脑炎病毒（JEV）ELISA检测方法的建立

目的建立猪乙型脑炎病毒（JEV）抗体ELISA检测方法。方法培养BHK21细胞,接种JEV病毒,制备BHK21正常抗原和JEV特异抗原,滴定酶结合物和抗原最佳工作浓度,并进行精密性、敏感性、稳定性、特异性实验。结果正常、特异抗原和酶结合物最佳工作浓度分别为0.2μg/mL、10μg/mL和1∶20000;正常、特异抗原批内变异系数分别为8.3%和6.4%,批间平均变异系数分别为9.7%和11.5%;检测灵敏度为1∶1280;与猪瘟病毒（CSFV）、猪细小病毒（PPV）均无交叉反应。稳定性试验相对偏差小于25%。结论建立的ELISA方法重复性、稳定性好,特异性、敏感性强。可用于猪JEV抗体的检测。     

猪戊型肝炎病毒基因ORF2片段AG02的融合表达及间接ELISA方法的初步建立

采用巢式RT-PCR技术扩增猪戊型肝炎病毒（SHEV）结构蛋白基因ORF2部分片段AG02。将该片段插入pET32a表达载体,命名为PET-HEV,将重组表达质粒转化大肠杆菌BL21（DE-3）,经1mM IPTG诱导得到表达,进行SDS-PAGE分析,证明该片段得到融合表达,分子量为33KD。Western blot分析表明,重组蛋白可以与HEV阳性血清反应,表明该蛋白具有良好的抗原性。以纯化的重组蛋白建立了初步的间接ELISA方法,经方阵滴定确定最佳包被浓度为2.43μg/mL,血清最佳的稀释比为1:40,与万泰试剂盒相比较,证明我们建立的ELISA方法有较高的特异性和敏感性。     

检测牛冠状病毒抗体间接ELISA方法的建立与应用

[背景]牛冠状病毒(Bovine coronavirus,BCoV)是引起新生犊牛死亡的主要病原之一,有效的检测手段是防治该病的前提。目前BCoV ELISA检测方法存在敏感性低、不稳定等缺陷。[目的]对原有BCoV ELISA方法进行改进,建立间接ELISA检测方法。[方法]应用我国BCoV流行毒株CD株n基因为模板,预测N蛋白抗原表位,通过原核表达制备可溶性的重组N蛋白作为抗原,建立间接ELISA方法,应用该方法对黑龙江省2010-2017年的BCoV感染进行血清流行病学调查。[结果]该ELISA方法最佳工作条件为:用50 mmol/LpH 9.6碳酸盐作为包被液,抗原包被浓度2.5μg/mL;用PBST作为样本稀释液,稀释浓度1:50,37℃孵育1.5 h;HRP-羊抗牛IgG稀释浓度1:7 500,37℃孵育1.0 h;用1%明胶37℃封闭30 min。阴阳性临界值为0.225。该方法与BRV、BRSV、BVDV、IBRV、BPIV3和E.coli阳性血清均无交叉反应。批内和批间变异系数均小于10%,与病毒中和试验的符合率高达93.5%。对黑龙江省部分地区共603份奶牛血清样品检测结果显示,BCoV抗体阳性率为98.84%。[结论]建立的ELISA方法特异性强、敏感性高、稳定性好,为进一步研发ELISA试剂盒提供了技术基础。     

Agar gel immunodiffusion test (AGID) evaluation for detection of bovine paratuberculosis in Rio de Janeiro,Brazil

AIMS: The aim of this study is to evaluate the AGID serological test for detection of antibodies anti-Mycobacterium paratuberculosis and its possible adoption as diagnostic method in our field conditions. METHODS: Bovine serum samples from dairy herds in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, were screened for the presence of antibodies against Myco. paratuberculosis using three different ELISA tests. A panel of 48 randomly selected sera were evaluated by an Agarose Gel Immunodiffusion (AGID) test using Protoplasmatic Paratuberculosis Antigen (PPA). AGID results were compared to the standards--the results of the three ELISA tests, and the specificity and sensitivity were calculated. RESULTS: From 48 sera tested for AGID, 14 (29.17%) were positive and 34 (70.83%) were negative. AGID sensitivity was 57% with two false-positive reactions, and specificity was 92.5% with nine false-negative results. The positive predictive value was calculated in 85.7% for a confidence interval of 95%. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Due to its low sensitivity and specificity rates, AGID test has shown to be unsatisfactory as a screening diagnostic method for subclinical herd infection, but it can be useful as a confirmatory test for clinical suspect animals.     

Serum Antigen and Antibody Detection in Echinococcosis: Application in Serodiagnosis of Human Hydatidosis

Diagnosis of hydatidosis is based on immunodiagnostic methods along with radiological and ultrasound examinations. The objectives of the present study were to develop a specific and simple antigen-based ELISA method for diagnosis of hydatidosis and compare it with antibody detection method. The subjects in this study included 89 patients in the following groups: surgically confirmed hydatidosis patients (35 cases), control with other parasitic diseases (29 cases), and healthy controls (25 cases). Hyperimmune serum was raised against hydatid cyst fluid in rabbits. Anti-hydatid cyst IgG was purified by affinity chromatography using protein A column and labeled with horseradish peroxidase. Collected sera were assessed for hydatid cyst antigens and antibody by ELISA. Circulating hydatid antigen was found in 9 out of 35 patients with surgically confirmed hydatidosis. A sensitivity of 25.7% and a specificity of 98.0% were calculated for the antigen detection assay. Antibody detection by indirect ELISA, using antigen B, showed that 94.2% of patients (33 cases) have anti-hydatid cyst antibodies in their serum while cross reaction was noted in a few of non-hydatidosis patients. A sensitivity of 94.2% and specificity of 81.6% were found for the antibody detection assay. Findings of this study indicated that antibody detection assay is a sensitive approach for diagnosis of hydatid cyst while antigen detection assay might be a useful approach for assessment of the efficacy of treatment especially after removal of the cyst.     

口蹄疫病毒非结构蛋白3AB 的原核表达及应用

旨在建立一种检测口蹄疫病毒非结构蛋白抗体的敏感、特异的ELISA方法。克隆、表达了口蹄疫病毒非结构蛋白3AB基因,原核表达的重组蛋白经亲和层析法纯化及Western blotting鉴定后作为包被抗原,建立检测口蹄疫病毒非结构蛋白抗体的3AB间接ELISA方法,通过与商品化试剂盒3ABC-ELISA的比对试验对其进行评价。结果显示,重组蛋白3AB以包涵体形式表达;能与口蹄疫病毒感染血清发生特异性反应,而不能与疫苗免疫动物血清发生反应;在检测田间样品时,与3ABC-ELISA具有同样的特异性和敏感性 (P＞     

湖北咸宁地区乙型肝炎病毒基因型的调查

乙型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis B virus,HBV)是引起急性和慢性肝炎的最主要的病原[1]。目前根据HBsAg的共同抗原决定簇“α”和两对相互排斥的抗原决定簇将HBV分为ayw1, ayw2, ayw3, ayw4,ayr, adw2, adw2, adw4, adrq 和adrq-9种不同的血清学亚型,1988年Okamoto[2]等根据HBV基因组核苷酸的差异又提出了HBV基因型的概念,并以全基因组核苷酸差异≥8%,定为基因型分型标准。目前从世界不同地区分离的乙型肝炎病毒分离株已被分为A、B、C、D、E、F、G、H等8种不同的基因型[3~5]。包括中国、日本和东南亚在内的亚洲地区主要流行B、C两种基因…