Complete mitochondrial genome of Neochauliodes parasparsus (Megaloptera: Corydalidae) with phylogenetic consideration

We sequenced the complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of Neochauliodes parasparsus. The 15,995-bp mitogenome contained the standard set of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), 2 ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs), and a putative control region, with a gene arrangement that was identical to that reported for most other megalopteran species. We also predicted the secondary structure of all the RNA genes and analysed the preferred codon usage of the protein-coding genes. The putative 1265-bp control region contained two tandem repeated regions and several microsatellite-like elements. The phylogenetic analysis of available neuropteridan mitogenomes, based on the 13 protein-coding genes, appeared to support the current view of the neuropteridan phylogeny, and among the Neochauliodes spp., N. parasparsus was the most closely related to N. punctatolosus.     

The Mitochondrial Genome of Paramphistomum cervi (Digenea), the First Representative for the Family Paramphistomidae

We determined the complete mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence of a fluke, Paramphistomum cervi (Digenea: Paramphistomidae). This genome (14,014 bp) is slightly larger than that of Clonorchis sinensis (13,875 bp), but smaller than those of other digenean species. The mt genome of P. cervi contains 12 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes and 2 non-coding regions (NCRs), a complement consistent with those of other digeneans. The arrangement of protein-coding and ribosomal RNA genes in the P. cervi mitochondrial genome is identical to that of other digeneans except for a group of Schistosoma species that exhibit a derived arrangement. The positions of some transfer RNA genes differ. Bayesian phylogenetic analyses, based on concatenated nucleotide sequences and amino-acid sequences of the 12 protein-coding genes, placed P. cervi within the Order Plagiorchiida, but relationships depicted within that order were not quite as expected from previous studies. The complete mtDNA sequence of P. cervi provides important genetic markers for diagnostics, ecological and evolutionary studies of digeneans.