微纤维止血胶原在内镜下腺样体吸切术中的应用

目的:探讨微纤维止血胶原(Avitene)在内镜下腺样体吸切术创面止血的临床效果。方法:将58例行内镜下腺样体吸切术的患者随机分为三组,A组23例(盐酸赛洛唑啉纱条压迫+Avitene涂抹),B组19例(盐酸赛洛唑啉纱条压迫+电凝止血),C组16例(仅以盐酸赛洛唑啉纱条压迫止血)。比较三组患者的手术时间、止血时间、出血程度、止血难度、术后疼痛、进食恢复时间及术后并发症等指标。结果:三组出血程度比较无统计学差异(P0.05)。A组手术时间、止血时间、止血难度均低于B组、C组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。A组术后疼痛、进食恢复时间低于B组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),与C组比较无统计学差异。三组均未出现术后出血、感染、误吸等并发症。结论:微纤维止血胶原用于内镜下腺样体吸切术创面止血,具有快速方便、安全有效的特点。     

多聚糖止血颗粒对兔股动脉出血的止血效果观察

目的：观察PerClot^TM多聚糖止血颗粒在兔股动脉局部止血效果。方法：分离并剪断兔股动脉,应用多聚糖止血颗粒止血,通过测定出血量与止血时间同阴性对照组对比了解活动患肢对止血稳定性的影响。结果：受试2组平均出血量如下：PerClot^TM组：（1．46±0．06）g;阴性对照组（2．48＞±0．10）g。统计分析后可知PerClot^TM组较阴性对照组出血量减少（P〈0．叭。平均止血时间如下：PerClot^TM组：（100±30．1）s;阴性对照组（200±36．33）g。统计分析后可知PerClot^TM组较阴性对照组止血时间减少（P〈0．01）．活动患肢对止血稳定性无影响。结论：多聚糖颗粒止血效果可靠,有临床应用前景,值得进行临床实验。     

多聚糖止血颗粒对兔股动脉出血的止血效果观察

目的:观察PerClotTM多聚糖止血颗粒在兔股动脉局部止血效果。方法:分离并剪断兔股动脉,应用多聚糖止血颗粒止血,通过测定出血量与止血时间同阴性对照组对比了解活动患肢对止血稳定性的影响。结果:受试2组平均出血量如下:PerClotTM组:(1.46±0.06)g;阴性对照组(2.48±0.10)g。统计分析后可知PerClotTM组较阴性对照组出血量减少(P<0.01)。平均止血时间如下:PerClotTM组:(100±30.1)s;阴性对照组(200±36.33)g。统计分析后可知PerClotTM组较阴性对照组止血时间减少(P<0.01).活动患肢对止血稳定性无影响。结论:多聚糖颗粒止血效果可靠,有临床应用前景,值得进行临床实验。     

胶原／壳聚糖复合膜的制备及止血效果的研究

目的 以胶原和壳聚糖制备复合膜,检验其止血效果,并探讨其止血原因。材料与方法：以酸解法从牛腱中提取胶原,用甲壳素制得壳聚糖,以胶原和壳聚制成复合膜,通过动物实验测不同配比的复合膜对出血创面的止血时间,并与其它止血材料做对比。结果：各种配比的复合膜的止血效果均比明胶等一般止血材料好。结论：胶原/壳聚糖复合膜有良好的止血作用,可望在外科手术上得到广泛应用。     

血压计袖带止血的效果观察

在急救中,对四肢动脉出血患者常以传统的方法采用橡皮止血带或布类止血带包扎止血,这种止血方法简单易行,取材方便,灵活性高,但前提为包扎部位的皮肤要完好,无创口。如患者四肢皮肤完整性受损,皮肤表层破损或皮肤全层已经破坏,如烫伤、烧伤、大面积的创伤,     

可溶性止血纱布与蛇毒血凝酶联合应用对止血效果的影响

目的 评价非离子化可溶性止血纱布与蛇毒血凝酶联合应用对手术出血及创面渗血的止血效果.方法 将涂布蛇毒血凝酶冻干品的可溶性止血纱布,与可溶性止血纱布、普通医用纱布、涂布蛇毒血凝酶的普通医用纱布以小鼠剪尾试验法和兔肝、脾创面止血法比较各组止血效果.结果 涂布血凝酶的可溶性止血纱布、可溶性止血纱布、普通纱布、涂布血凝酶的普通纱布分别缩短出血时间约56%、43%、10.2%、33%.结论 可溶性止血纱布和蛇毒血凝酶联合应用能获得良好的止血效果.     

四种动物血浆纤维蛋白原含量的比较

血浆纤维蛋白原是血浆蛋白之一,它是由三对不同的多肽链以二硫键连接而成为纤维状蛋白质。分子量为340.0000,在人体血浆中浓度为200—400mg/100ml血浆。用盐析法可将血浆蛋白分为白蛋白、球蛋白和纤维蛋白三部分。 研究止血、血管内栓塞和溶解栓塞的药物,常以纤维蛋白原含量的变化为指标。因此了解常用实验动物的血浆纤维蛋白原的正常含量,对生理和药理学工作者是有一定参考价值的。据我所查资料,蟾蜍和家鸡的血浆纤维蛋白     

凝血酶激活的纤维蛋白抑制剂在止血过程中的动力学作用

凝血酶激活的纤维蛋白抑制剂(TAFI)和蛋白C在血液凝固的的过程中起着重要的调节作用,TAFI的作用主要发挥在纤溶阶段,但两者对血液凝固的调节不是孤立的,为了了解TAFI的作用的影响,近而更深一步弄清楚血凝块形成初期TAFI对纤维蛋白溶解的调节机理,本文根据生物学实验建立了一个关于TAFI和蛋白C的凝血动力模型,通过对模型的动力学分析和数值模拟得到了一些新的结论,这些结论或许会对临床医学提供有益的启示,另外还得到了一些与临床医学及实验相吻合的定性结论,展现出模型化方法的重要作用及预测能力。     

纤维蛋白的两种特殊染色效果比较

目的 比较分析显示纤维蛋白的两种特殊染色方法 ,旨在选择一种更适合于显示纤维蛋白的特殊染色方法。方法对富含纤维蛋白的石蜡包埋组织进行改良Masson染色、PTAH染色,光学显微镜下观察染色效果。结果 HE染色见纤维蛋白多数呈红染的细丝、相互连接成网状,也可相互融合。改良Masson染色显示纤维蛋白呈红色,PTAH染色显示纤维蛋白呈深蓝色。结论 改良Masson染色和PTAH染色均可用于显示纤维蛋白,但改良Masson染色时间短,结构清晰、对比明显,是观察纤维蛋白染色效果最佳的染色方法。     

股动脉止血气囊对心脏介入术后压迫止血的效果评价

目的研究可调式动脉止血气囊的使用对经股动脉穿刺行心脏介入术后患者腰背部疼痛、并发症发生率及舒适度的影响。方法采用便利抽样法,将在我院东院区经股动脉穿刺行心脏介入治疗术的患者设为观察组(122例),在我院西院区经股动脉穿刺行心脏介入治疗术的患者设为对照组(118例)。术后对照组使用人工压迫止血法,观察组使用可调式动脉止血气囊压迫止血法,采用数字评分法、视觉模拟评分法、自行设计调查表分别评估患者的疼痛、舒适度、并发症发生率等,并对收集的数据进行统计分析。结果两组患者的渗血发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);观察组患者的实际加压包扎时间、血肿、皮肤受损、术肢麻木或肿胀、腰背部疼痛的发生率均低于对照组,舒适度高于对照组(均P0.05)。结论可调式动脉止血气囊的使用有助于提高患者的舒适度,减少腰背部疼痛和并发症的发生率。     

Effects of fibrin on the integration hydroxyapatite coating implants: experimental study in a rabbit model

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the addition of fibrin (SAF) to titanium alloy implants coated with hydroxyapatite (HAP) on osteogenesis in rabbits. A titanium (Ti) alloy implant was inserted into the femoral neck of twenty-four adult rabbits. Six rabbits were included on each of the following groups: Ti control, HAP-coated Ti module, HAP-coated Ti module with added fibrin glue and Ti module also with added fibrin glue. After seven weeks, bone growth was examined radiographically and by histo-morphometry. The SAF/HAP mixture did caused to a significant increase in bone growth compared to the other groups. The addition of fibrin did not result in an increase in new-bone growth and increase the formation of fibrous tissue in contact with the implant. We concluded that SAF did not demonstrate osteoinductive properties.     

Effect of methylmercuric chloride (MMC) on fibrin polymerization

Methylmercuric chloride (MMC) in concentrations 0.1–10μM reduces the amount of fibrinopeptides released from thrombinactivated human fibrinogen. However, the fibrin clot formation is not discriminated and the turbidity of the fibrin gel is even augmented. MMC does not cause such changes in the process of repolymerization of fibrin monomers. The addition of fibrinopeptides to the fibrin monomers results in a similar increase of turbidity of the repolymerizing sample in the presence of MMC as in the case of fibrinogen clotting. These experiments indicate that MMC modifies the structure of fibrin in the presence of fibrinopeptides.     

交联I型胶原复合生物玻璃在兔股骨远端缺损中的成骨作用

摘要 目的：评价交联度不同的I型胶原复合生物玻璃后作为人工骨移植物在兔股骨髁部骨缺损中的修复作用,以研究一种成骨性能优秀,降解速度令人满意,且具有可塑性,便于术中使用的新型人工骨移植材料。方法：本研究设置实验组及对照组,实验组为交联度70%的高交联I型胶原复合生物玻璃以及交联度为45%的低交联I型胶原复合生物玻璃。对照组为普通未交联I型胶原复合生物玻璃。于9只新西兰大白兔双下肢股骨髁部制备动物骨缺损模型,将随机分组后的三种骨移植物分别植入股骨髁部骨缺损模型中。术后6周取材行组织学分析研究,比较3种骨移植物在骨缺损中的新骨生成率。结果：组织学分析结果显示,高交联组的新骨生成率为5.23 0.87%,其成骨性能显著低于低交联组13.23 1.13%以及未交联组的12.63 0.92%（P<0.05）。而低交联组的新骨生成率与未交联组之间无统计学差异（P>0.05）。结论：交联度为45%的低交联I型胶原复合生物玻璃具有更好的成骨能力,作为骨移植材料在临床应用中具有更广阔的发展前景。     

胶原生物膜在耳内镜下中耳胆脂瘤乳突根治术中的应用效果分析

摘要 目的：探讨胶原生物膜在耳内镜下乳突根治术中的应用效果。方法：选取徐州医科大学附属医院2021年4月至2022年 2月收治的51例中耳胆脂瘤患者进行回顾性分析,其中研究组27例患者予以胶原生物膜修复皮肤缺损,对照组予以颞肌筋膜修复术腔皮肤缺损,观察两组患者术后临床症状,手术时长,术腔完全上皮化时间、干耳时间及术前术后听力改变。结果：研究组术后患者因外耳道进水,存在感染及肉芽生长者1例,予以清理后未再次生长;对照组术后发生1例外耳道口狭窄的情况,予以橡胶扩张管进行扩张并后并定期清理术腔肉芽、脱落痂皮,患者外耳道恢复良好。两组术前耳闷、耳痛、耳鸣及术后耳痛VAS评分无明显差异（P>0.05）;研究组术后耳闷及耳鸣VAS评分较对照组降低（P<0.05）。研究组平均手术时长、术后术腔完全上皮化时间及平均干耳时间短于对照组（P<0.05）。两组术前术后气骨导差（ABG）、平均气导听阈（AC）比较差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论：作为术区移植物,胶原生物膜应用于耳内镜下中耳胆脂瘤乳突根治术可加快创面术腔的修复,减少局部创伤与操作步骤,改善临床症状,缩短手术时间、术后术腔完全上皮化时间及获得干耳时间,可作为临床上有效的修复材料。     

正常新西兰白兔阴茎组织超声成像特征的实验研究

目的:明确正常新西兰白兔阴茎组织超声成像特征。方法:性成熟健康新西兰白兔3只(月龄4-5月),猝死后将阴茎切除放入4%中性福尔马林中固定24小时。将阴茎标本置入纯净水中,进行超声成像,扫查切面选择阴茎横截面。将阴茎标本横断面制成病理切片,进行HE染色观察。结果:超声成像清晰显示:阴茎包皮及皮下软组织、阴茎海绵体白膜、阴茎海绵体、尿道海绵体,这些结构的空间位置关系与阴茎标本和组织病理切片完全一致;同时,利用二维超声图像显示的白膜边界进行阴茎海绵体内径的测量,测值与组织病理切片基本一致。结论:利用二维超声可以观察和测量新西兰白兔阴茎组织结构,超声成像可以作为新西兰白兔阴茎疾病模型研究的一项影像学检测方法。     

The effect of fibrin on endothelial cell migration in vitro

Endothelial cells are known to migrate and come into contact with fibrin during numerous physiological processes, such as in wound healing and in tumor growth. The present study was initiated to investigate the effect of fibrin on endothelial cell migration in vitro. Endothelial cell migration was assayed by wounding confluent monolayers of bovine aortic endothelial cells with a razor blade and counting the number of cells crossing the wound per unit time. Wound-induced proliferation of endothelial cells was inhibited by mitomycin C-treatment without affecting endothelial cell migration, indicating that in this assay migration could be measured independent of proliferation. Migration of endothelial cells in vitro was inhibited by fibrin in a concentration dependent manner. Endothelial cell migration under fibrin was further reduced by plasminogen depletion of the serum, and fibrin still inhibited the migration of mitomycin C-treated endothelial cells. Kadish et al. (Tissue and Cell, 11, 99, 1979) previously reported that fibrin did not affect EC migration in vitro. The inability to inhibit EC migration with fibrin appears to be due to their assay system which employed agarose, since pre-treating the wounded monolayer with agarose eliminated the inhibition of EC migration by fibrin. The present results indicate that EC migration in vitro can be used as a model system for studying the interaction of fibrin with EC.     

蛋白聚糖在维持牙本质胶原空间形貌和水合性能方面的作用

目的:评价牙本质蛋白聚糖对脱矿牙本质胶原纤维形貌和水合性能的影响。方法:新鲜拔除无龋坏人磨牙牙本质酸蚀后分别用胰蛋白酶和硫酸软骨素酶ABC孵育去除牙本质蛋白聚糖和糖胺聚糖侧链,对照组与实验组处理方法相同,但孵育液中不添加酶。然后在牙本质表面不同润湿状态下用场发射扫描电镜和激光共聚焦扫描电镜分别观察牙本质的微观形貌并评价脱矿牙本质的水合性能。结果:硫酸软骨素酶ABC和TRY酶处理改变了牙本质的微观形貌,使胶原纤维间距增大。酶处理、牙本质表面润湿性及两者的交互作用均会显著影响脱矿牙本质的厚度(P0.0001)。结论:牙本质蛋白聚糖和糖胺聚糖侧链在维持牙本质胶原纤维网的空间结构和水合作用方面均发挥着重要作用。蛋白聚糖、胶原纤维-蛋白聚糖以及蛋白聚糖-蛋白聚糖间的的亲水性是影响脱矿牙本质围观形貌和厚度的重要因素。     

羟基化修饰对大鼠胶原热稳定性的影响研究

采用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)研究羟脯氨酸(Hyp)含量对胶原热稳定性的影响。以不同周龄BN大鼠皮肤为原料制备了胶原,分析制备胶原中Hyp的含量;采用DSC测定不同Hyp含量胶原的临界变性温度及焓变;采用圆二色光谱(CD)检测提取胶原的二级结构。结果表明,提取胶原在41.3℃发生三螺旋解聚,CD光谱分析结果表明,当样品经临界变性温度处理后,部分三螺旋结构转化为无规则线圈结构。胶原变性过程中所需热量与羟脯氨酸含量呈正相关,实验建立了胶原热变性过程中焓变与Hyp含量的关系。该研究表明胶原中脯氨酸羟基化修饰是影响胶原热稳定性的关键因素。     

Sexual and asexual reproduction in geographically separated populations of the fissiparous asteroid Coscinasterias calamaria (Gray)

Sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction by fission were studied in four populations of Coscinasterias calamaria (Gray), two in Otago Harbour in the South Island of New Zealand and two in the North Island near Auckland. The annual reproductive cycle in both islands of New Zealand is clearly defined with a spawning season between November and January. In both sites the pyloric caeca index was approximately inverse to the gonad index cycle as found in other forcipulate asteroids. There are substantial differences in the sex ratios of mature starfish at each site studied, with 1:1 ratios in two populations, one population heavily biased towards females and the fourth consisting almost entirely of males. Morphometric variation in arm number due to splitting was studied and the frequency of splitting varied considerably between the four populations. Generally speaking sublittoral C. calamaria divide less frequently than intertidal starfish and populations in which food is less abundant or of poorer quality are more fissiparous and put less energy into sexual reproduction, than populations with plentiful readily available food in the form of mussels. The significance of the different reproductive patterns in C. calamaria is discussed.     

Influence of weather conditions on fly abundance and its implications for transmission of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus in the North Island of New Zealand

Blowflies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) and flesh flies (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) are potential vectors of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) in New Zealand. The associations between habitat and weather factors on the abundance of these flies were investigated. Between October 1999 and June 2001, flies were trapped on open pasture and in dense vegetation patches on farmland in the Himatangi area of the North Island. Five calliphorid species were trapped commonly at scrub edges and the most abundant sarcophagid, Oxysarcodexia varia Walker, was trapped mainly on open pasture. An abundance peak of O. varia was probably associated with the occurrence of a rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD) outbreak in the study area. Overall abundance of flies varied according to habitat and species, and species numbers differed between seasons and years. The all-day minimum temperature 3 weeks before trapping was a significant variable in all models of fly abundance, whereas average rainfall did not affect fly abundance. The all-day temperature range was significant only for O. varia. The influence of other climatic factors varied between fly species. Climate dependent variations in fly abundance may contribute to the risk of transmission of RHD, which occurred intermittently on the site during the study period.