Structure of the retinal ganglionic layer in mammals

In total preparations impregnated with silver nitrate after Kampos the ganglionic retinal layer has been studied in some Mammalia. Two types of ganglionic cells are demonstrated. Some occupy the retinal spot. These are small (areal, dwarfish), cells, others--large, multipolar, circularly arranging, in layers around the nervus opticus disc along the remaining part of the retina. Both the former and the latter can be arranged in groups of two cells, their bodies situating near each other and their processes having the same direction. Single ganglionic cells possess special dendrites with terminal enlargements (proper sensitive neurons). Small neural cells situating in the layer of neural fibers are of vegetative nature.     

大麻素抑制大鼠三叉神经节神经元ATP激活电流

本文在培养的大鼠三叉神经节(trigeminal ganglion,TG)神经元上采用全细胞膜片钳技术,探讨大麻素对大鼠TG神经元ATP激活电流(ATP-activated currents,IATP)的影响.结果显示(1)胞外给予ATP,大部分受检细胞(67/75,89.33%)可记录到一个内向电流,且具有剂量依赖性.该电流可被P2X嘌呤受体特异性拮抗剂PPADS所阻断.(2)预加WIN55212-2[大麻素受体1(cannabinoid receptor 1,CB1受体)激动剂]可对IATP产生抑制作用,此作用呈剂量依赖性,并可被CB1受体特异性拮抗剂AM281阻断.预加不同浓度的WIN55212-2(1x10-13、1x10-12、1x10-11、1x10-10、1x10-9和1x10-8mol/L)对IATP(1x10-4mol/L ATP)的抑制作用分别为(8.14±3.14)%、(20.11±2.72)%、(46.62±3.51)%、(72.16±5.64)%、(80.21±2.80)%和(80.59±3.55)%.(3)预加WIN55212-2后IATP的浓度-反应曲线明显下移;最大反应浓度时的IATP幅值减小了(58.02±4.21)%,而阈值基本不变;预加WIN55212.2前后曲线的EC50值非常接近(1.15x10-4mol/L vs 1.27x10-4 mol/L).(4)预加forskolin[腺苷酸环化酶(adenylyl cyclase,AC)激动剂]或8-Br-cAMP可以逆转WIN55212-2对IATP的抑制作用.以上结果表明,大麻素可能作用于CB1受体,通过抑制AC-cAMP-PKA途径发挥对IATP的抑制作用.