人性化护理管理在基层医院手术室管理中的应用

目的探讨人性化护理管理在基层医院手术室管理中的应用效果。方法选择2013年5月~2015年5月我院手术室的护理人员14名为研究对象,并根据护理管理模式进行分组,实施常规护理管理模式为对照组,实施人性化护理管理模式为观察组,比较两组满意度情况。结果观察组护理人员的技能水平、服务态度、护理效率以及亲和力满意度评分均显著高于对照组(P0.05);手术医师对观察组护理人员的协调能力、工作态度、理论知识以及职业技能满意度评分均显著高于对照组(P0.05)。结论人性化护理管理在基层医院手术室管理中具有较高应用价值,可明显提高住院患者和手术医师对手术室护理人员的满意度,值得临床推广应用。     

多元化管理模式对急诊肝病患者的效果观察

目的:近年来,急诊收治的不同病症的肝病患者越来越多,给医护人员带来很大的工作压力,以致工作频频出错,影响护理质量和患者的临床疗效。本文针对急诊肝病患者采取多元化管理模式进行护理,探讨该模式的特点及作用,为肝病的临床护理工作提供可借鉴的方法。方法:选取2011年10月-2012年12月我院急诊科收治的160例肝病患者,分为常规组和管理组。常规组采取基础护理,观察组采取多元化管理模式进行护理,包括人性化管理、分层级管理、情绪管理及环境管理。观察并比较两组患者对护理工作的满意度、护理工作的落实情况及患者的依从性。结果:管理组患者对护理服务的满意度为98.7%,护理工作落实率为97.62%,患者依从性为90.46%;常规组患者对护理服务的满意度为77.5%,护理工作落实率为94.58%,患者依从性为87.82%;管理组的患者满意度、护理工作落实情况及患者依从性均优于对照组,差异显著且具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:采取多元化管理模式进行护理有助于提高护理质量,推进急诊工作顺利进行,更有利于提高肝病患者的临床疗效及对护理工作的满意度,该模式对临床护理工作有重要的指导意义,值得推广。     

关于外科手术室感染控制的问题与护理管理分析

目的:总结外科手术室感染控制存在的问题,并分析相应的护理管理对策。方法:对我院2012年1月-2012年12月手术室感染高危因素进行总结分析,并提出相应的护理管理措施,比较外科手术室实施护理管理前后的感染情况。结果 外科手术室感染高危因素主要包括术前洗手不彻底、器械物品消毒不认真、医护人员流动管理不严格、以及患者自身的因素等;实施护理管理措施后感染率为2.39%(9例/376例),明显低于实施护理管理前的感染率9.52%(35例/368例),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:在外科手术室加强护理管理可以明显的降低感染率,为患者在外科手术室的安全提供了保障。     

基于能级管理模式的护士“三定”管理与评价

尝试以“定员管理、定向培养、定能分级”为核心的新型护理能级管理模式，改善管理者和被管理者的人际关系，加快专科护士培养进程，提升护士职业发展空间，深化护理内涵质量，推进优质护理服务。     

眼科手术患者信息交互系统的开发和应用

眼病专科手术患者多、接台快，导致病房和手术室在接送手术患者时出现流程上不规范、不合理，出现差错和遗漏。为有效提高医疗、护理工作质量及工作效率，提高患者的满意度，为管理者和科研提供参考统计数据，利用信息化的技术，建立眼科手术患者信息交互系统，使医护共享有关数据，合理设计手术工作流程，实现科学化、规范化、信息化的手术患者全程管理目标。     

整体护理模式的应用思考

手术室的安全防范是传统手术室护理的重中之重,手术室是整个医学感染防空的重要部门。随着时代的发展,医学的医疗水平不断进步,同时也带动了护理水平的大幅度提高。整体护理模式是将临床护理和护理管理的各个环节系统化的工作模式,是以人为中、以现代护理观为指导、以护理程序为基础框架,并且把护理序系统化地运用到临床护理和护理管理中去的指导思想。目前,整体护理模式已广泛应用临床。手术室护士对手术患者进行整体护理可以使其以最佳心理状态迎接手术治疗,提高病人对护理工作的满意度及手室护士的整体素质。     

手术室护理缺陷的风险及防范措施研究

目的:面对我国医院手术室护理风险事件的不断增加,对手术室护理缺陷的风险及相关的防范措施进行研究,以有效的减少我院手术室护理风险事件.方法:以我院2011年12月1日-2012年6月1日期间所发生的手术室护理安全事件为研究对象,并对其进行详细与科学的总结,运用统计学方法对产生各类护理安全隐患的因素进行分析,针对所总结出的各种安全隐患提出具有针对性的防范措施.结果:研究结果显示,医护人员责任感不强、工作态度不认真是导致安全事件最为主要的原因,其所导致的手术室护理安全事件性质往往较为最严重,对于手术室的手术治疗效果以及医患关系产生了十分严重的影响;其次的护理安全隐患为管理制度执行不严格、医护人员在专业知识以及法律知识等方面的欠缺等也是导致手术室护理风险发生的重要因素.结论:加强医务工作者工作的责任心和使命感,建立并健全手术室管理的规章制度,提高医护人员的专业和法律知识水平,并定期对手术室护理风险因素进行分析的统计,针对高危的因素不断改进管理措施是降低手术室护理风险的关键措施,值得推广与应用.     

“以人为本”理念在产科护理质量持续性改进中的应用

目的 探析“以人文本”管理理念指导产科管理对护理质量持续性提高的促进作用。方法 随机选取“以人为本”管理模式实施前后半年收治的120例产妇为调查对象,分别归于对照组和研究组,对比分析两组产妇并发症发生情况及护理服务满意情况,同时随机选取本科室40名护理人员,对比分析实施前后职业工作紧张和职业倦怠情况、护理管理态度以及护理质量情况。结果 实施“以人为本”护理管理后,护理人员学习主动性、护理管理理解、护理管理接受、护理管理态度、护理工作价值观评分明显高于常规管理（P＜0.05）。结论 “以人为本”管理实施提高护理人员积极性和职业效能。     

质量控制小组管理模式在手术室护理管理中的应用及优势分析

目的研究质量控制小组管理模式在手术室护理管理中的应用效果,并分析其优势。方法选取我院护理人员40名,采用随机数字法分为两组各20名,对照组采用常规管理模式,观察组采用质量控制小组管理模式,分析比较两组护理人员不良事件发生率,包括手术器械数量不符、手术物品准备不齐全、损坏医疗设备、急救箱药品不全、漏签医嘱等。结果观察组的护理人员不良事件发生率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论在手术护理管理中,采用质量控制小组管理模式可获得较好的管理效果,有效降低护理不良事件发生率,提高护理质量,值得临床应用。     

黑龙江省手术室专科护士培训需求分析

目的 了解手术室护士专科培训需求,为合理设置手术室专科护士培训内容,探索培训模式提供依据。方法 采用自拟问卷,对参加2013年黑龙江省手术室专科培训的学员进行问卷调查,采用SPSS 18.0进行卡方检验和非参数检验进行统计分析。结果 不同年龄以及不同职称的护士希望得到培训的内容有显著性差异（P ＜ 0.05）,教学方式与考核方式趋于多样化,以临床实际操作为主,OSCE考核被青年护士所接受。在学员培训内容重要性认知评价的9个方面中手术室专科知识最为重要。结论 重视和发展护士分层级核心能力,构建多样化的手术室专科护士培训模式,进一步提升专科护理培训质量。     

Role for dopamine in malonate-induced damage in vivo in striatum and in vitro in mesencephalic cultures

Defects in mitochondrial energy metabolism have been implicated in the pathology of several neurodegenerative disorders. In addition, the reactive metabolites generated from the metabolism and oxidation of the neurotransmitter dopamine (DA) are thought to contribute to the damage to neurons of the basal ganglia. We have previously demonstrated that infusions of the metabolic inhibitor malonate into the striata of mice or rats produce degeneration of DA nerve terminals. In the present studies, we demonstrate that an intrastriatal infusion of malonate induces a substantial increase in DA efflux in awake, behaving mice as measured by in vivo microdialysis. Furthermore, pretreatment of mice with tetrabenazine (TBZ) or the TBZ analogue Ro 4-1284 (Ro-4), compounds that reversibly inhibit the vesicular storage of DA, attenuates the malonate-induced DA efflux as well as the damage to DA nerve terminals. Consistent with these findings, the damage to both DA and GABA neurons in mesencephalic cultures by malonate exposure was attenuated by pretreatment with TBZ or Ro-4. Treatment with these compounds did not affect the formation of free radicals or the inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation resulting from malonate exposure alone. Our data suggest that DA plays an important role in the neurotoxicity produced by malonate. These findings provide direct evidence that inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase causes an increase in extracellular DA levels and indicate that bioenergetic defects may contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic neurodegenerative diseases through a mechanism involving DA.     

Scurvy in capybaras bred in captivity in Argentine

In order to determine if the absence of vitamin C in the diet of capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) causes scurvy, a group of seven young individuals were fed food pellets without ascorbic acid, while another group of eight individuals received the same food with 1 g of ascorbic acid per animal per day. Animals in the first group developed signs of scurvy-like gingivitis, breaking of the incisors and death of one animal. Clinical signs appeared between 25 and 104 days from the beginning of the trial in all individuals. Growth rates of individuals deprived of vitamin C was considerably less than those observed in the control group. Deficiency of ascorbic acid had a severe effect on reproduction of another population of captive capybaras. We found that the decrease in ascorbic acid content in the diet affected pregnancy, especially during the first stages. The results obtained suggest that it is necessary to supply a suitable quantity of vitamin C in the diet of this species in captivity.     

Changes in lactate dehydrogenase activity in chicken tissues in hyperthyreosis in ontogenesis

The lactate dehydrogenase activity in reactions of lactate oxidation and synthesis was studied in subfractions of the chicken brain, heart and liver at the embryonal, early postembryonal and adult stages of development after thyroxine administration. It has been shown that during embryogenesis thyroxine predominantly enhanced the rate of lactate oxidation in the mitochondrial tissues. A marked increase in the lactate synthesis was found in cytoplasm of the adult chicken tissues. Specificity of enzyme activity alterations was detected in the chicken brain during ontogenesis after thyroxine administration.     

SSTR5 ablation in islet results in alterations in glucose homeostasis in mice

Somatostatin (SST) peptide is a potent inhibitor of insulin secretion and its effect is mediated via somatostatin receptor 5 (SSTR5) in the endocrine pancreas. To investigate the consequences of gene ablation of SSTR5 in the mouse pancreas, we have generated a mouse model in which the SSTR5 gene was specifically knocked down in the pancreatic beta cells (betaSSTR5Kd) using the Cre-lox system. Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that SSTR5 gene expression was absent in beta cells at three months of age. At the time of gene ablation, betaSSTR5Kd mice demonstrated glucose intolerance with lack of insulin response and significantly reduced serum insulin levels. Insulin tolerance test demonstrated a significant increase of insulin clearance in vivo at the same age. In vitro studies demonstrated an absence of response to SST-28 stimulation in the betaSSTR5Kd mouse islet, which was associated with a significantly reduced SST expression level in betaSSTR5Kd mice pancreata. In addition, betaSSTR5Kd mice had significantly reduced serum glucose levels and increased serum insulin levels at 12 months of age. Glucose tolerance test at an older age also indicated a persistently higher insulin level in betaSSTR5Kd mice. Further studies of betaSSTR5Kd mice had revealed elevated serum C-peptide levels at both 3 and 12 months of age, suggesting that these mice are capable of producing and releasing insulin to the periphery. These results support the hypothesis that SSTR5 plays a pivotal role in the regulation of insulin secretion in the mouse pancreas.