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1.
Linn Stenfelt Åsa Hellberg Mattias Möller Nicole Thornton Göran Larson Martin L. Olsson 《Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports》2019
Sda is a high-frequency carbohydrate histo-blood group antigen, GalNAcβ1-4(NeuAcα2-3)Galβ, implicated in pathogen invasion, cancer, xenotransplantation and transfusion medicine. Complete lack of this glycan epitope results in the Sd(a?) phenotype observed in 4% of individuals who may produce anti-Sda. A candidate gene (B4GALNT2), encoding a Sda-synthesizing β-1,4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase (β4GalNAc-T2), was cloned in 2003 but the genetic basis of human Sda deficiency was never elucidated. Experimental and bioinformatic approaches were used to identify and characterize B4GALNT2 variants in nine Sd(a?) individuals. Homozygosity for rs7224888:T > C dominated the cohort (n = 6) and causes p.Cys466Arg, which targets a highly conserved residue located in the enzymatically active domain and is judged deleterious to β4GalNAc-T2. Its allele frequency was 0.10–0.12 in different cohorts. A Sd(a?) compound heterozygote combined rs7224888:T > C with a splice-site mutation, rs72835417:G > A, predicted to alter splicing and occurred at a frequency of 0.11–0.12. Another compound heterozygote had two rare nonsynonymous variants, rs148441237:A > G (p.Gln436Arg) and rs61743617:C > T (p.Arg523Trp), in trans. One sample displayed no differences compared to Sd(a+). When investigating linkage disequilibrium between B4GALNT2 variants, we noted a 32-kb block spanning intron 9 to the intergenic region downstream of B4GALNT2. This block includes RP11-708H21.4, a long non-coding RNA recently reported to promote tumorigenesis and poor prognosis in colon cancer. The expression patterns of B4GALNT2 and RP11-708H21.4 correlated extremely well in >1000 cancer cell lines. In summary, we identified a connection between variants of the cancer-associated B4GALNT2 gene and Sda, thereby establishing a new blood group system and opening up for the possibility to predict Sd(a+) and Sd(a?) phenotypes by genotyping. 相似文献
2.
Fabio Dall'Olio Nadia Malagolini Mariella Chiricolo Marco Trinchera Anne Harduin-Lepers 《Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/General Subjects》2014
Background
The histo-blood group antigens are carbohydrate structures present in tissues and body fluids, which contribute to the definition of the individual immunophenotype. One of these, the Sda antigen, is expressed on the surface of erythrocytes and in secretions of the vast majority of the Caucasians and other ethnic groups.Scope of review
We describe the multiple and unsuspected aspects of the biology of the Sda antigen and its biosynthetic enzyme β1,4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 2 (B4GALNT2) in various physiological and pathological settings.Major conclusions
The immunodominant sugar of the Sda antigen is a β1,4-linked N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc). Its cognate glycosyltransferase B4GALNT2 displays a restricted pattern of tissue expression, is regulated by unknown mechanisms - including promoter methylation, and encodes at least two different proteins, one of which with an unconventionally long cytoplasmic portion. In different settings, the Sda antigen plays multiple and unsuspected roles. 1) In colon cancer, its dramatic down-regulation plays a potential role in the overexpression of sialyl Lewis antigens, increasing metastasis formation. 2) It is involved in the lytic function of murine cytotoxic T lymphocytes. 3) It prevents the development of muscular dystrophy in various dystrophic murine models, when overexpressed in muscular fibers. 4) It regulates the circulating half-life of the von Willebrand factor (vWf), determining the onset of a bleeding disorder in a murine model.General significance
The expression of the Sda antigen has a wide impact on the physiology and the pathology of different biological systems. 相似文献3.
4.
Naoya Yoshihama Koujiro Yamaguchi Satomi Chigita Mariko Mine Masakazu Abe Kotaro Ishii Yosuke Kobayashi Naonari Akimoto Yoshihide Mori Tsuyoshi Sugiura 《PloS one》2015,10(4)
We have recently elucidated a novel function for CD82 in E-cadherin-mediated homocellular adhesion; due to this function, it can inhibit cancer cell dissociation from the primary cancer nest and limit metastasis. However, the effect of CD82 on selectin ligand-mediated heterocellular adhesion has not yet been elucidated. In this study, we focused on the effects of the metastasis suppressor CD82/KAI1 on heterocellular adhesion of cancer cells to the endothelium of blood vessels in order to further elucidate the function of tetraspanins. The over-expression of CD82 in cancer cells led to the inhibition of experimentally induced lung metastases in mice and significantly inhibited the adhesion of these cells to human umbilical vein epithelial cells (HUVECs) in vitro. Pre-treatment of the cells with function-perturbing antibodies against sLea/x significantly inhibited the adhesion of CD82-negative cells to HUVECs. In addition, cells over-expressing CD82 exhibited reduced expression of sLea/x compared to CD82-negative wild-type cells. Significant down-regulation of ST3 β-galactoside α-2, 3-sialyltransferase 4 (ST3GAL4) was detected by cDNA microarray, real-time PCR, and western blotting analyses. Knockdown of ST3GAL4 on CD82-negative wild-type cells inhibited expression of sLex and reduced cell adhesion to HUVECs. We concluded that CD82 decreases sLea/x expression via the down-regulation of ST3GAL4 expression and thereby reduces the adhesion of cancer cells to blood vessels, which results in inhibition of metastasis. 相似文献
5.
L-Selectin Ligands That Are O-glycoprotease Resistant and Distinct from MECA-79 Antigen are Sufficient for Tethering and Rolling of Lymphocytes on Human High Endothelial Venules 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
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Rachael A. Clark Robert C. Fuhlbrigge Timothy A. Springer 《The Journal of cell biology》1998,140(3):721-731
During the process of lymphocyte recirculation, lymphocytes bind via L-selectin to sulfated sialyl-Lewisx (sLex)–containing carbohydrate ligands expressed on the surface of high endothelial venules (HEV). We have examined the expression of sLex on HEV using a panel of mAbs specific for sLex and sLex-related structures, and have examined the function of different sLex-bearing structures using an in vitro assay of lymphocyte rolling on HEV. We report that three sLex mAbs, 2F3, 2H5, and CSLEX-1, previously noted to bind with high affinity to glycolipid-linked sLex, vary in their ability to stain HEV in different lymphoid tissues and bind differentially to O-linked versus N-linked sLex on glycoproteins. Treatment of tissue sections with neuraminidase abolished staining with all three mAbs but slightly increased staining with MECA-79, a mAb to a sulfation-dependent HEV-associated carbohydrate determinant. Treatment of tissue sections with O-sialoglycoprotease under conditions that removed the vast majority of MECA-79 staining, only partially reduced staining with the 2F3 and 2H5 mAbs. Using a novel rolling assay in which cells bind under flow to HEV of frozen tissue sections, we demonstrate that a pool of O-sialoglycoprotease–resistant molecules is present on HEV that is sufficient for attachment and rolling of lymphocytes via L-selectin. This interaction is not inhibited by the mAb MECA-79. Furthermore, MECA-79 mAb blocks binding to untreated sections by only 30%, whereas the sLex mAb 2H5 blocks binding by ~60% and a combination of MECA-79 and 2H5 mAb blocks binding by 75%. We conclude that a pool of O-glycoprotease-resistant sLex-like L-selectin ligands exist on human HEV that is distinct from the mucin-associated moieties recognized by MECA-79 mAb. We postulate that these ligands may participate in lymphocyte binding to HEV. 相似文献
6.
Ryuji Matsumura Jotaro Hirakawa Kaori Sato Toshiaki Ikeda Motoe Nagai Minoru Fukuda Yasuyuki Imai Hiroto Kawashima 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2015,290(24):15313-15326
Sialyl Lewis X (sLex) antigen functions as a common carbohydrate determinant recognized by all three members of the selectin family. However, its expression and function in mice remain undefined due to the poor reactivity of conventional anti-sLex monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with mouse tissues. Here, we developed novel anti-sLex mAbs, termed F1 and F2, which react well with both human and mouse sLex, by immunizing fucosyltransferase (FucT)-IV and FucT-VII doubly deficient mice with 6-sulfo-sLex-expressing cells transiently transfected with an expression vector encoding CMP-N-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase. F1 and F2 specifically bound both the N-acetyl and the N-glycolyl forms of sLex as well as 6-sulfo-sLex, a major ligand for L-selectin expressed in high endothelial venules, and efficiently blocked physiological lymphocyte homing to lymph nodes in mice. Importantly, both of the mAbs inhibited contact hypersensitivity responses not only when administered in the L-selectin-dependent sensitization phase but also when administered in the elicitation phase in mice. When administered in the latter phase, F1 and F2 efficiently blocked rolling of mouse leukocytes along blood vessels expressing P- and E-selectin in the auricular skin in vivo. Consistent with these findings, the mAbs blocked P- and E-selectin-dependent leukocyte rolling in a flow chamber assay. Taken together, these results indicate that novel anti-sLex mAbs reactive with both human and mouse tissues, with the blocking ability against leukocyte trafficking mediated by all three selectins, have been established. These mAbs should be useful in determining the role of sLex antigen under physiological and pathological conditions. 相似文献
7.
Sialyl Lewis antigens are selectin ligands involved in leukocyte trafficking and cancer metastasis. Biosynthesis of these selectin ligands occurs by the sequential actions of several glycosyltransferases in the Golgi apparatus following synthesis of the protein backbone in the endoplasmic reticulum. In this study, we examine how the synthesis of sialyl Lewis a (sLea) is regulated in prostatic cells and identify a mucin that carries this glycotope. We treat human prostatic cells including one normal and three cancerous cells with histone deacetylase inhibitors, valproic acid, tricostatin A (TSA), and suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), and then monitor the expression of sLea. We have found that SAHA enhances the production of sLea in normal prostatic RWPE-1 cells but not prostatic cancer cells. Employing siRNA technology and co-immunoprecipitation, we show that the sLea is associated with MUC1, which is confirmed by confocal immunofluorescence microscopy and proximity ligation assay. The SAHA-induced production of sLea in RWPE-1 cells is resulted from upregulation of B3GALT1 gene via enhancement of acetylated histone-3 and histone-4. Interestingly, PC3 and LNCaP C-81 cells do not produce detectable amounts of sLea despite expressing high levels of B3GALT1. However, the MUC1-associated sLea is generated in these cells after introduction of MUC1 cDNA. We conclude that the synthesis of sLea is controlled by not only peptide backbone of the glycoprotein but also glycoprotein-specific glycosyltransferases involved in the synthesis of sLea. Further, the SAHA induction of this selectin ligand in normal prostatic cells may pose a potentially serious side effect of this drug recently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. 相似文献
8.
Wesley F. Zandberg Jayakanthan Kumarasamy B. Mario Pinto David J. Vocadlo 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2012,287(47):40021-40030
Sialyl-Lewis X (sLeX) is a tetrasaccharide that serves as a ligand for the set of cell adhesion proteins known as selectins. This interaction enables adhesion of leukocytes and cancer cells to endothelial cells within capillaries, resulting in their extravasation into tissues. The last step in sLeX biosynthesis is the α1,3-fucosyltrasferase (FUT)-catalyzed transfer of an L-fucose residue to carbohydrate acceptors. Impairing FUT activity compromises leukocyte homing to sites of inflammation and renders cancer cells less malignant. Inhibition of FUTs is, consequently, of great interest, but efforts to generate glycosyltransferase inhibitors, including FUT inhibitors, has proven challenging. Here we describe a metabolic engineering strategy to inhibit the biosynthesis of sLeX in cancer cells using peracetylated 5-thio-L-fucose (5T-Fuc). We show that 5T-Fuc is taken up by cancer cells and then converted into a sugar nucleotide analog, GDP-5T-Fuc, that blocks FUT activity and limits sLeX presentation on HepG2 cells with an EC50 in the low micromolar range. GDP-5T-Fuc itself does not get transferred by either FUT3 or FUT7 at a measurable rate. We further demonstrate that treatment of cells with 5T-Fuc impaired their adhesive properties to immobilized adhesion molecules and human endothelial cells. 5T-Fuc, therefore, is a useful probe that can be used to modulate sLeX levels in cells to evaluate the consequences of inhibiting FUT-mediated sLeX formation. These data also reveal the utility of using sugar analogues that lead to formation of donor substrate analogues within cells as a general approach to blocking glycosyltransferases in cells. 相似文献
9.
10.
Expression of key glycosphingolipid biosynthesis‐globo series pathway genes in Escherichia coli F18‐resistant and Escherichia coli F18‐sensitive piglets
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W. H. Dong C. H. Dai L. Sun J. Wang S. Y. Sun G. Q. Zhu S. L. Wu W. B. Bao 《Animal genetics》2016,47(4):428-435
A pioneering study showed that the glycosphingolipid biosynthesis‐globo series pathway genes (FUT1, FUT2, ST3GAL1, HEXA, HEXB, B3GALNT1 and NAGA) may play an important regulatory role in resistance to Escherichia coli F18 in piglets. Therefore, we analysed differential gene expression in 11 tissues of two populations of piglets sensitive and resistant respectively to E. coli F18 and the correlation of differential gene expression in duodenal and jejunal tissues. We found that the mRNA expression of the seven genes was relatively high in spleen, liver, lung, kidney, stomach and intestinal tract; the levels in thymus and lymph nodes were lower, with the lowest levels in heart and muscle. FUT2 gene expression in the duodenum and jejunum of the resistant population was significantly lower than that in the sensitive group (P < 0.01). ST3GAL1 gene expression was also significantly lower in the duodenum of the resistant population than in the sensitive group (P < 0.05). No significant differences were observed among the remaining genes. The expression level of FUT1 was extremely significantly positively correlated with FUT2 and B3GALNT1 expression (P < 0.01) and also had a significant positive correlation with NAGA expression (P < 0.05). The expression level of FUT2 had extremely significant positive correlations with FUT1, ST3GAL1 and B3GALNT1 (P < 0.01). These results suggest that FUT2 plays an important role in E. coli F18 resistance in piglets. FUT1, ST3GAL1, B3GALNT1 and NAGA may also participate in the mechanism of resistance to E. coli F18. 相似文献
11.
12.
Noé Velázquez-Márquez Gerardo Santos-López Lucio Jiménez-Aranda Julio Reyes-Leyva Verónica Vallejo-Ruiz 《Journal of biosciences》2012,37(1):999-1004
Sialylated oligosaccharides of glycoproteins and glycolipids have been implicated in tumour progression and metastases. Altered expression of glycosidic antigens has been reported in cervical cancer. In cervix premalignant lesions, an increased expression of sialic acid has been reported. In the present study we determined the expression profiles of the glycosidic antigens Tn, sialyl Tn (sTn), Lewis a (Lea), sialyl Lewis a (sLea), Lewis x (Lex) and sialyl Lewis x (sLex) in cervical scrapes with cytological diagnoses of normal, low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LGSIL) and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HGSIL). Cervical scrapings were collected to detect tumour antigens expressions by flow cytometry using monoclonal antibodies. Cytometry analysis of Tn, sTn, Lea and Lex did not reveal differences at the expression level among groups. The number of positive cells to sLea antigen increased in the HGSIL group with respect to the normal group (p?=?0.0495). The number of positive cells to sLex antigen in the samples increased with respect to the grade of squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL) (p?<?0.001, Mann–Whitney U test). The intensity of expression of this antigen increased in the HGSIL samples with respect to normal samples (p?<?0.0068). sLex antigen could be a candidate to be used as biomarker for the early diagnosis of cervical cancer. 相似文献
13.
Cancer-associated changes in cell surface carbohydrates, including incomplete synthesis of normal carbohydrate epitopes, strongly affect malignant and metastatic potential. Here, we report that compensating for the cancer-associated loss of a single glycosyltransferase, β1,4N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferese T2, dramatically decreased cell surface expression of both E-selectin ligands (sialyl Lewisx and sialyl Lewisa). This modification was associated with elevated expression of the Sda carbohydrate determinant, which is expressed in normal gastrointestinal mucosa and is strikingly downregulated in cancer tissues. Loss of E-selectin ligands resulted in decreased adhesion of cancer cells to activated human endothelial cells in vitro and eventually suppressed metastatic potential in vivo. 相似文献
14.
M.T. Goodarzi J.S. Axford S.S. Varanasi A. Alavi G. Cunnane O. Fitzgerald G.A. Turner 《Glycoconjugate journal》1998,15(12):1149-1154
Both infiltrating leukocytes and soluble immunoglobulin form aggregates in synovial fluid during the inflammatory process in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Some of these changes are probably mediated by the adhesion molecule, E-selectin, which increases its expression with disease activity. As glycosylation changes in IgG in RA are well established, the current study was undertaken to measure the expression of the carbohydrate antigen sialyl Lewis x (sLex), on IgG in RA. sLex is a major ligand for E-selectin. Using a recently developed ELISA, sLex expression was determined in IgG isolated from 8 healthy individuals, 20 RA sufferers (10 early and 10 with more long-standing disease) and 20 patients with other rheumatic conditions (osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, systemic lupus erythematosus). S Lexexpression on IgG was elevated above the reference range in all but one of the RA patients and this change was highly significant (P < 0.0006). Expression of this antigen on IgG was also significantly different from normal in the other arthritic groups (P < 0.02), but the changes were much less than that observed for RA. In early RA, sLex was inversely correlated with parameters used to measure disease activity. This was not observed with the established RA, where there was weak positive association. These preliminary results indicate that a change in sLex expression on IgG is an early finding in the development of RA, which may be important in the development of the disease or for predicting its outcome. 相似文献
15.
Julia S. Westman John Benktander Jill R. Storry Thierry Peyrard Annika K. Hult ?sa Hellberg Susann Teneberg Martin L. Olsson 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2015,290(30):18505-18518
The x2 glycosphingolipid is expressed on erythrocytes from individuals of all common blood group phenotypes and elevated on cells of the rare P/P1/Pk-negative p blood group phenotype. Globoside or P antigen is synthesized by UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine:globotriaosyl-ceramide 3-β-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase encoded by B3GALNT1. It is the most abundant non-acid glycosphingolipid on erythrocytes and displays the same terminal disaccharide, GalNAcβ3Gal, as x2. We encountered a patient with mutations in B3GALNT1 causing the rare P-deficient P1k phenotype and whose pretransfusion plasma was unexpectedly incompatible with p erythrocytes. The same phenomenon was also noted in seven other unrelated P-deficient individuals. Thin-layer chromatography, mass spectrometry, and flow cytometry were used to show that the naturally occurring antibodies made by p individuals recognize x2 and sialylated forms of x2, whereas x2 is lacking on P-deficient erythrocytes. Overexpression of B3GALNT1 resulted in synthesis of both P and x2. Knockdown experiments with siRNA against B3GALNT1 diminished x2 levels. We conclude that x2 fulfills blood group criteria and is synthesized by UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine: globotriaosylceramide 3-β-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase. Based on this linkage, we proposed that x2 joins P in the GLOB blood group system (ISBT 028) and is renamed PX2 (GLOB2). Thus, in the absence of a functional P synthase, neither P nor PX2 are formed. As a consequence, naturally occurring anti-P and anti-PX2 can be made. Until the clinical significance of anti-PX2 is known, we also recommend that rare P1k or P2k erythrocyte units are preferentially selected for transfusion to Pk patients because p erythrocytes may pose a risk for hemolytic transfusion reactions due to their elevated PX2 levels. 相似文献
16.
Leukocyte cell surface sialyl Lewis x (sLex) and related epitopes play an important role in cell rolling and adhesion during diapedesis via interaction with E-selectin. Here, we present evidence that Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18, CR-3) is a major neutrophil glycoprotein decorated with sLex and ligation of these carbohydrate moieties by anti-sLex antibody significantly impairs neutrophil functions. First, Western blot analysis shows that both CD11b and CD18 subunit of purified Mac-1 are decorated with sLex moieties. A significant co-localization of CD11b and sLex moieties is observed at neutrophil secondary granules. With stimulation of formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP), neutrophil surface labeling with anti-sLex antibody follows an identical up-regulation pattern of Mac-1. Second, protein-binding assays indicate that sLex moieties on Mac-1 are critical for binding interaction of Mac-1 to E-selectin. Removal of sLex moieties completely abolishes Mac-1-E-selectin binding. Finally, ligation of Mac-1 sLex by anti-sLex antibody induces a significant degranulation of neutrophil secondary granules at the absence of chemoattractant stimulation. This “dysregulated” degranulation induced by anti-sLex antibody strongly inhibits neutrophil transmigration in response to fMLP. In summary, Mac-1 sLex moieties play a critical role in regulating β2 integrin functions during neutrophil transmigration and degranulation. 相似文献
17.
Minas V Mylonas I Schiessl B Mayr D Schulze S Friese K Jeschke U Makrigiannakis A 《Histochemistry and cell biology》2007,128(1):55-63
Lewis antigens belong to the blood group of antigens and mediate cellular adhesion through interaction with selectins. Invasive
trophoblasts use an array of adhesion molecules to facilitate cell–cell and cell–extracellular matrix interactions. Here,
we examined immunohistochemically the expression of Sialyl Lewis a (sLea), Sialyl Lewis x (sLex) and Lewis y (Ley) in term placentas obtained from cases of normal, intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), preeclamptic (PE) and hemolysis,
elevated liver enzymes and low platelets syndrome (HELLP) pregnancies. We report the expression of sLex in third trimester extravillous trophoblasts (EVT). sLex was significantly decreased in IUGR and moderately decreased in PE compared to normal placentas. sLex was additionally found in syncytiotrophoblast, without however any significant differences in staining intensity between
normal and pathological cases. sLea was restricted to amnion epithelium. Finally, Ley was expressed in cytotrophoblasts and villous endothelial cells. Ley expression was significantly upregulated in IUGR and HELLP, whereas there was a trend toward increase in PE compared to normal
placentas. The present study suggests that downregulation of sLex in EVT might be associated with IUGR and PE. Furthermore, Ley, which was recently described as a potent angiogenic factor, is upregulated in placental villi in conditions associated with
placental malperfusion.
U. Jeschke and A. Makrigiannakis have contributed equally. 相似文献
18.
Júlio Santos Elisabete Fernandes José Alexandre Ferreira Luís Lima Ana Tavares Andreia Peixoto Beatriz Parreira José Manuel Correia da Costa Paul J. Brindley Carlos Lopes Lúcio L. Santos 《PLoS neglected tropical diseases》2014,8(12)
Background
Bladder cancer is a significant health problem in rural areas of Africa and the Middle East where Schistosoma haematobium is prevalent, supporting an association between malignant transformation and infection by this blood fluke. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms linking these events are poorly understood. Bladder cancers in infected populations are generally diagnosed at a late stage since there is a lack of non-invasive diagnostic tools, hence enforcing the need for early carcinogenesis markers.Methodology/Principal Findings
Forty-three formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded bladder biopsies of S. haematobium-infected patients, consisting of bladder tumours, tumour adjacent mucosa and pre-malignant/malignant urothelial lesions, were screened for bladder cancer biomarkers. These included the oncoprotein p53, the tumour proliferation rate (Ki-67>17%), cell-surface cancer-associated glycan sialyl-Tn (sTn) and sialyl-Lewisa/x (sLea/sLex), involved in immune escape and metastasis. Bladder tumours of non-S. haematobium etiology and normal urothelium were used as controls. S. haematobium-associated benign/pre-malignant lesions present alterations in p53 and sLex that were also found in bladder tumors. Similar results were observed in non-S. haematobium associated tumours, irrespectively of their histological nature, denoting some common molecular pathways. In addition, most benign/pre-malignant lesions also expressed sLea. However, proliferative phenotypes were more prevalent in lesions adjacent to bladder tumors while sLea was characteristic of sole benign/pre-malignant lesions, suggesting it may be a biomarker of early carcionogenesis associated with the parasite. A correlation was observed between the frequency of the biomarkers in the tumor and adjacent mucosa, with the exception of Ki-67. Most S. haematobium eggs embedded in the urothelium were also positive for sLea and sLex. Reinforcing the pathologic nature of the studied biomarkers, none was observed in the healthy urothelium.Conclusion/Significance
This preliminary study suggests that p53 and sialylated glycans are surrogate biomarkers of bladder cancerization associated with S. haematobium, highlighting a missing link between infection and cancer development. Eggs of S. haematobium express sLea and sLex antigens in mimicry of human leukocytes glycosylation, which may play a role in the colonization and disease dissemination. These observations may help the early identification of infected patients at a higher risk of developing bladder cancer and guide the future development of non-invasive diagnostic tests. 相似文献19.
B para-Bombay phenotype in China caused by homozygous mutation for site 328 G > A of FUT1 gene: a case report
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The aim of this paper is to accurately identify a case of B para-Bombay and to analyze the genetic mutation. ABO and Lewis blood groups were identified by standard serological methods, and trace antigens on RBCs were detected by adsorption-elution test, while blood group substances in the saliva were detected by agglutination inhibition test. The ABO gene exons 6-7, FUT1 gene exon 4 and FUT2 gene exon 2 were directly sequenced. Serological results showed that there were B antigens on RBCs without H antigens, anti-A and anti-HI antibodies in serum, and B and H blood group substances in the saliva. The Lewis phenotype was Le (a-b+). According to gene sequencing analysis, ABO, FUT1 and FUT2 genotypes were B101/O02, h328G/Ah328G/A and Se357C/TSe357C/T, respectively. This rare phenotype can be mislabeled as "O" if any of the detailed investigations are not performed. Therefore, in order to ensure the safety of blood transfusion, genetic and serological tests are necessary for the correct identification of difficult blood groups. 相似文献
20.
B para-Bombay phenotype in China caused by homozygous mutation for site 328 G>A of FUT1 gene: a case report
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The aim of this paper is to accurately identify a case of B para-Bombay and to analyze the genetic mutation. ABO and Lewis blood groups were identified by standard serological methods, and trace antigens on RBCs were detected by adsorption-elution test, while blood group substances in the saliva were detected by agglutination inhibition test. The ABO gene exons 6-7, FUT1 gene exon 4 and FUT2 gene exon 2 were directly sequenced. Serological results showed that there were B antigens on RBCs without H antigens, anti-A and anti-HI antibodies in serum, and B and H blood group substances in the saliva. The Lewis phenotype was Le (a-b+). According to gene sequencing analysis, ABO, FUT1 and FUT2 genotypes were B101/O02, h328G/Ah328G/A and Se357C/TSe357C/T, respectively. This rare phenotype can be mislabeled as "O" if any of the detailed investigations are not performed. Therefore, in order to ensure the safety of blood transfusion, genetic and serological tests are necessary for the correct identification of difficult blood groups. 相似文献