用绿色荧光蛋白和洋葱表皮细胞检测拟南芥rd29A基因启动子活性的方法

将rd29A基因的启动子与绿色荧光蛋白基因(GFP)融合在一起,构建成植物表达载体,并以CaMV35S启动子驱动的GFP基因的植物表达载体为对照,用基因枪介导法转化置于4种类型培养基上的洋葱表皮细胞.对其进行不同温度下的培养,16 h后观察GFP基因瞬时表达水平的结果表明,rd29A启动子对高盐和脱水逆境的响应较温度显著,特别是在含PEG6000的培养基上,细胞无破损,绿色荧光强烈,适合于GFP的瞬时表达.而高盐由于易导致细胞出现离子毒害,不宜作为GFP瞬时表达的培养基.     

转MSTN干扰载体细胞株的获得及外源基因整合情况的研究

转基因细胞株的建立能够为转基因体细胞克隆技术奠定重要基础。该实验利用MSTN干扰载体,转染鲁西黄牛胎儿成纤维细胞,获得5个相应的转基因单克隆细胞株。采用Realtime PCR和高效热不对称互交式PCR（hiTAIL-PCR）技术检测细胞克隆中MSTN表达载体的拷贝数及其在牛基因组中的整合位点。结果表明,荧光定量PCR有效检测到5个细胞克隆中质粒的拷贝数分别为2.26±0.32、1.52±0.25、25.68±1.02、8.43±0.73和6.72±0.10。hiTAIL-PCR对整合位点的检测结果表明,质粒片段在插入到基因组的过程中进行了重组,其与基因组的结点处有2或4个共同的碱基序列。该研究探索MSTN干扰载体在牛胎儿成纤维细胞中的整合机制,以期获得遗传背景清楚的转基因细胞作为体细胞核移植的重要材料,为高产转基因肉牛新品种的培育提供重要的理论和实验基础。     

表皮生长因子受体基因在中国人部份肿瘤细胞株中的扩增

<正> 肿瘤基因扩增是肿瘤基因激活的一种方式。而表皮生长因子受体基因在结构上作为v-erb-B的同源基因;在功能上其产物与src基因家族产物有相同的作用。因此,它的扩增与否与肿瘤的发生发展密切相关。因为肿瘤基因的激活,能导致肿瘤基因产物的异常表达。而表皮生长因子受体基因及表达产物的异常,又可能是细胞恶性增殖、低度分化的重要原因之一。 为了比较中国人常见的肿瘤细胞株表皮生长因子受体基因在DNA水平上的扩增状态,本研究选用了九种不同的肿瘤细胞株,用分子杂交的方法进行了研究。     

Phosphorylation and Activation of Tryptophan Hydroxylase by Exogenous Protein Kinase A

Abstract: The catalytic subunit of protein kinase A increases brain tryptophan hydroxylase activity. The activation is manifested as an increase in V_max without alterations in the K_m for either tetrahydrobiopterin or tryptophan. The activation of tryptophan hydroxylase by protein kinase A is dependent on ATP and an intact kinase and is inhibited specifically by protein kinase A inhibitors. Protein kinase A also catalyzes the phosphorylation of tryptophan hydroxylase. The extent to which tryptophan hydroxylase is phosphorylated by protein kinase A is dependent on the amount of kinase used and is closely related to the degree to which the hydroxylase is activated. These results suggest that a direct relationship exists between phosphorylation and activation of tryptophan hydroxylase by protein kinase A.     

利用反向PCR方法扩增细菌热激蛋白HSP60基因

利用PCR简并引物扩增出HSP6 0基因中一段约 6 0 0bp的核心片段 ,将该核心片段标记为探针 ,与基因组DNA进行Southern杂交 ,选择出适宜的限制性内切酶 ,以便消化基因组DNA得到大小合适的、含有HSP6 0基因的酶切片段。将酶切片段自身环化后作为模板进行反向PCR ,引物的延伸方向自核心片段出发延环化分子向未知序列区进行 ,可扩增出核心区上下游的序列。应用该方法 ,扩增并测定了寓齿双歧杆菌 (Bifidobacteriumdenticolens)DSM1 0 1 0 5 T、奇异双歧杆菌 (Bifidobacteriuminopinatum)DSM1 0 1 0 7T 和阴道加德纳氏菌 (Gard nerellavaginalis)ATCC1 40 1 8T 的HSP6 0全基因序列及青春双歧杆菌 (Bifidobacteriumadolescentis)JCM1 2 75 T98%以上的HSP6 0全基因序列。结果表明 ,反向PCR方法可有效的扩增细菌HSP6 0基因     

已建株鼻咽癌细胞的PLUNC基因启动子区序列多态性分析

目的检测人类标准鼻咽癌细胞中是否存在已知的PLUNC基因启动子-437bp-＋87bp区域的单核苷酸多态性（SNP）。以便进一步探索SNP与鼻咽癌的关系。方法采用PCR产物直接测序的方法,对7株体外培养的鼻咽癌细胞基因组DNA的PLUNC基因启动子区进行序列分析。结果发现7株PLUNC基因的启动子区皆存在已知的3个SNP位点（1888、2128和N2）和未知一个突变位点（N1）,其测观杂合度分别为85．7％、100％、100％和28．6％。其中3个已知SNP位点在筛查的细胞株中均存在T-C的突变,而且SUNE-1鼻咽癌细胞株的1888位点基因型为突变纯合子CC型。结论体外培养的标准鼻咽癌细胞株中存在已知的3个SNP位点（1888、2128和N2）的突变现象,且突变率为100％;1888位点鼻咽癌易患型（CC型）已在体外稳定建株;首次发现启动子-195bp区域N1突变位点。     

PCR Amplification and Sequencing of a Wheat rbc S Gene Promoter

The promoter region of the rbc S gene from Triticum aestivum L. FAN-61 was amplified by PCR. Two commonly used restriction enzyme sites, Barn HI and Sma Ⅰ, were respectively added to the 5′ and 3′ ends of the promoter fragment in order to make it easier for subsequent manipulation. The amplified fragment was cloned into pUC18/19 vectors and its sequence was determined. The 704 bp promoter fragment contained a TATA Box (TATATATA) and an Ⅰ Box (GATAAT). The sequence of CCAAC in it was similar to the sequence of CCAAT found upstream of other eukaryotic genes. Moreover, it also contained the consensus sequences of CCACA and GAACGTGAGCCA which were present in those of other monocot rbc S.     

稳定表达大鼠GCLC启动子及荧光素酶报告基因细胞株的建立

目的:建立稳定表达大鼠谷氨酰半胱氨酸合成酶催化亚单位(GCLC)启动子及荧光素酶报告基因的大鼠肺泡上皮细胞株。方法:克隆大鼠GCLC上游5.9kb的启动子序列并构建重组报道载体PGL4.19-GCLC-LUC,转染到大鼠Ⅱ型肺泡上皮细胞L2,经G418筛选以获得单细胞抗性克隆并在传代过程中能稳定表达荧光素酶活性;检测细胞荧光素酶表达与细胞数量相关性;PCR检测稳定细胞株基因组已整合的插入片段;刺激因子刺激6h,检测稳定细胞株的反应性。结果:成功构建PGL4.19-GCLC-LUC;构建的稳定细胞株能稳定地表达荧光素酶,且与细胞数量正相关;PCR检测稳定细胞株目的片段稳定整合基因组;TNF-α刺激后,能使荧光素酶活性上升,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);Rapamycin,GSH-EE刺激后,荧光素酶活性显著下降(P0.05)。结论:成功构建稳定表达大鼠GCLC启动子及荧光素酶报告基因的细胞株,将为高通量药物筛选以及进一步研究GCLC基因的转录调控提供重要的细胞研究手段。     

pib基因启动子及其诱导启动性初探

将pib基因上游5.7 kb区段取代pCAMBIA1301中gus基因上游的35S启动子构建了pib拟启动区-GUS+ 35S-hpt 基因表达载体pNAR604。经农杆菌介导转化水稻成熟胚愈伤,获得了转基因抗潮霉素愈伤和36株转基因水稻植株。 转基因抗性愈伤和转基因植株根的组织化学GUS活性检测表明,光照培养下的抗性愈伤和转基因植株根不能使X-gluc显色,而暗处理24 h后的抗性愈伤和定植后转基因植株的根能使X-gluc显色。转基因植株GUS荧光定量分析结果表明,GUS表达具有器官特异性,黑暗处理前根的GUS活性最高、茎次之,分别是是叶片的7倍和3倍,叶片中仅有痕量本底。24 h黑暗处理后根、茎、叶中GUS活性都有增加,且叶片中的增加比例最大,其活性仅次于根。5 mmol/L水杨酸和0.3 mol/L NaCl叶面喷施转基因植株24 h后叶片中GUS活性分别为处理前的2.7和3.6倍。初步确定pib拟启动区是一个诱导型启动子。黑暗、水杨酸和NaCl能诱导该启动子启动活性。     

以绿色荧光蛋白为报告基因的原核启动子检测体系构建

以质粒pMUTIN-GFP 扩增获得的目的gfp 基因为报告基因,将其克隆到大肠杆菌-枯草芽孢杆菌穿梭载体pBE2,构建成一个具有启动子活性检测功能的重组质粒pBE2-GFP .将组成型启动子P43和诱导型启动子Pspac克隆入pBE2-GFP ,得到重组表达载体pBE-GFP-P43和pBE-GFP-Pspac,转化至大肠杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌.荧光显微镜检测GFP 蛋白的表达情况.结果 表明,2种不同类型的启动子均能在大肠杆菌BL21和枯草芽孢杆菌1A751中启动gfp 基因的表达.     

Activation of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase by Epidermal Growth Factor in Hippocampal Neurons and Neuronal Cell Lines

Abstract: Epidermal growth factor (EGF) functions in a bimodal capacity in the nervous system, acting as a mitogen in neuronal stem cells and a neurotrophic factor in differentiated adult neurons. Thus, it is likely that EGF signal transduction, as well as receptor expression, differs among various cell types and possibly in the same cell type at different stages of development. We used hippocampal neuronal cell lines capable of terminal differentiation to investigate changes in EGF receptor expression, DNA synthesis, and stimulation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase by EGF before and after differentiation. H19-7, the line that was most representative of hippocampal neurons, was mitogenically responsive to EGF only before differentiation and increased in EGF binding after differentiation. MAP kinase was stimulated by EGF in both undifferentiated and differentiated cells, as well as in primary hippocampal cultures treated with either EGF or glutamate. These results indicate that the activation of MAP kinase by EGF is an early signaling event in both mitotic and postmitotic neuronal cells. Furthermore, these studies demonstrate the usefulness of hippocampal cell lines as a homogeneous neuronal system for studies of EGF signaling or other receptor signaling mechanisms in the brain.     

Expression of the p53 Gene and Activation of p53-Dependent Transcription in Melanoma Cell Lines

Malignant melanoma has poor prognosis because of its high metastatic potential and resistance to chemotherapy. A possible approach to more effective therapy is induction of p53-dependent apoptosis. This approach is promising, since the wild-type _p53 is expressed in most melanomas. An attempt was made to estimate the functional activity of p53 in several malignant melanoma cell lines. Most lines were characterized by a high protein level and nuclear localization of p53. All cell lines expressing the wild-type p53 showed stabilization of p53, its translocation into the nucleus, and activation of several target genes in response to DNA-damaging agents, suggesting that p53 was functionally active. A high-molecular-weight protein localized in the cytoplasm and mimicking a p53 epitope was found in several cell lines. It was shown that the DO-1 epitope is not derived from p53, ruling out cytoplasmic retention of p53 in melanoma cell lines. A mechanism of camptothecin-induced stabilization of p53 by decreasing the level of the HDM2 mRNA was described for melanoma cells but not for normal melanocytes, suggesting a differential effect of camptothecin on tumor-derived and primary cells.__________Translated from Molekulyarnaya Biologiya, Vol. 39, No. 3, 2005, pp. 445–456.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Razorenova, Agapova, Chumakov.