Isolation and characterization of a cryptic plasmid from Erwinia citreus ATCC 31623

A multiple-copy plasmid pPZG500 (3·8 kb) was isolated from a phytopathogenicbacterium Erwinia citreus ATCC 31623. This is the smallest plasmid so far isolated fromthe genus Erwinia . The plasmid was partially characterized by a set of restriction enzymesand the unique restriction sites were mapped for Hin dIII, Eco RI, Eco RVand XBa I, while three sites were found for Bgl II. Nineteen other enzymes did notcut pPZG500. By deletion analyses minimal regions required for replication ( ori ) andsegregational stability ( par ) were localized on 1·4 kb Eco RV/ Bgl IIand 0·7 kb Bgl /II/ Eco RI fragments, respectively. The erythromycin resistancemarker (Em^r) was cloned into pPZG500 and two plasmid derivatives, pPZG502 andpPZG503, were constructed expressing erythromycin resistance as a good selective marker forrecombinant selection in Erw. citreus and Escherichia coli . The segregationalstability of both constructed plasmids during 90 generations in E. coli JM109 and Erw.citreus C-4 showed that plasmid pPZG503 lacking the presumptive par region was lost fromthe population at a higher rate. The results of this study demonstrate that plasmid pPZG500 andderivatives are suitable prerequisites for the construction of useful cloning vector(s) in the genus Erwinia .     

Streptomyces cloning vector derived from Streptomyces lavendulae-grasserius mini-plasmid pSLG33

Abstract The cryptic multicopy plasmid designated pSLG33 (2.65 kb) was isolated from the vegetative mycelium of Streptomyces lavendulae-grasserius RIA 746 and physically characterized. pRS410 vector (5.4 kb) was constructed by insertion of aph and tsr genes coding for neomycin and thiostrepton resistance, respectively, in a non-essential part of the plasmid molecule. The pRS410 is compatible with multicopy Streptomyces plasmid vectors derived from pIJ101 plasmid.     

Method for cloning single-stranded oligonucleotides in a plasmid vector

A method for cloning single-stranded oligonucleotides in a plasmid vector has been developed. The method relies on ligation of the oligonucleotide into suitable restriction enzyme sites of the cloning vector such that the site at the 5' end has a 5' overhang [for example, a Bgl II site (A decreases GATCT)], and the site at the 3' end has a 3' overhang [for example, a Sac I site (GAGCT decreases C)]. This arrangement allows the oligonucleotide to anneal to the single-stranded ends of the vector and to be covalently joined by T4 DNA ligase. The complementary strand can be synthesized in vitro to generate a double-stranded plasmid, or the partially single-stranded molecule can be used as a target for site-directed mutagenesis. The subsequent transfer of the oligonucleotide to test plasmids or excision for other manipulations, such as band shift experiments to identify protein binding sites, is facilitated by cloning of the oligonucleotide into a polylinker containing multiple restriction enzyme sites. For this purpose, the plasmid vector, pKP59, which is a 2.0 kB derivative of pBR322 lacking "poison sequences" and containing 16 cloning sites, has been the most satisfactory.     

Restriction analysis of the plasmid and chromosomal DNA of the strain Streptomyces fradiae--a producer of neomycin

Plasmid DNA with a molecular weight of 53-55 Md was isolated from Streptomyces fradiae strain 676 producing neomycin on centrifugation of the DNA preparation at the density gradient of cesium chloride-ethidium bromide. The extrachromosomal DNA had 6 recognition sites for Bgl II, more than 13 recognition sites for Bam HI, more than 14 recognition sites for Kpn I, more than 18 recognition sites for Pst I, more than 20 recognition sites for Sac I, more than 21 recognition sites for Pvu II and no recognition sites for Eco RI, Eco RV, Hind III and Sla I.     

A novel plasmid vector allowing positive selection for cloned fragments

Abstract The use of plasmid pMM102 as a positive selection cloning vector is described. This plasmid is derived from pBR322 and contains the DNA encoding microcin B17 production and immunity. RecA⁻ Escherichia coli K12 cells containing this plasmid are unable to grow in minimal medium. Inactivation of any of the 4 genes required for microcin production allows the bacterial host to produce colonies. This property has been used to clone DNA inserts in the unique sites for restriction endonucleases Bgl II, Sac I, Sac II and Sma I in pMM102. DNA fragments with asymmetrical termini of many different kinds can also be cloned. We have also identified a fragment in the wild-type plasmid pMccB17 that suppresses the pMM102-induced growth inhibition.     

人Tim-3基因真核表达载体的构建及表达

目的：为了构建可在真核细胞中高效表达人Tim-3（hTim-3）的真核表达质粒,以便用于hTim-3肿瘤免疫治疗研究。方法：取健康人外周血的单个核细胞,用高保真聚合酶扩增hTim-3基因,先进行hTim-3基因的亚克隆,用Bgl II和SalI限制性内切酶切下带有酶切位点的hTim-3基因,最终构建hTim-3基因的真核表达质粒pEGFP-N1-hTim-3。用脂质体方法转染质粒至肝癌细胞SMMC7721和巨噬细胞U937中。48h后荧光显微镜观察转染细胞绿色荧光表达情况,初步判断转染效率。结果：酶切和测序鉴定证实目的基因hTim-3正确插入到真核表达载体pEGFP—N1中,转染肝癌细胞SMMC7721和巨噬细胞U937后,在荧光显微镜下观察到绿色荧光蛋白的表达。结论：成功构建了可在真核细胞中高效表达hTim-3基因的真核表达质粒pEGFP-N1-hTim-3,为进一步研究hTim-3的肿瘤免疫治疗奠定了基础.     

羊抑制素α亚基N端1-33序列肽段多聚体的构建及其表达纯化

为了提高短肽的免疫原性以制备短肽基因工程疫苗 ,将羊抑制素α亚基N端 1-33氨基酸残基片段的基因序列插入表达质粒pRSET A的BamHⅠ \SacⅠ位点之间构建重组质粒pR INH ,然后利用质粒中的一对同尾酶位点BamHⅠ \BglⅡ和下游的另一酶切位点HindⅢ ,经过简单的酶切后 ,将产物按各种组合连接 ,构建了抑制素串联 2至 6聚体基因。含3至6聚体基因的重组质粒pR 3INH、pR 4INH、pR 5INH和pR 6INH经IPTG诱导均能在大肠杆菌 (E .coli)BL21(DE3)中表达目的蛋白 ,分别占菌体蛋白的 6 %、6 %、7%和 8% ,且都以包涵体形式存在。结果说明 ,利用同尾酶切技术可以快速正确地构建短肽片段的串联多聚体重组质粒 ,为构建短肽半抗原的高免疫原性基因工程疫苗提供了新的思路。     

Physical characterization of plasmids from Streptomyces kasugaensis MB273

Plasmid DNA of molecular weight 6.8 × 10⁶ was isolated from Streptomyces kasugaensis MB273. The plasmid DNA showed a single CsCl-ethidium bromide density gradient centrifugation, in neutral sucrose gradient centrifugation, and in agarose gel electrophoresis. When this DNA was digested with BamHI or SalI endonucleases, an unexpected number of fragments were found on agarose gel electrophoresis. Molecular weight summation of fragments obtained from double restriction enzyme digestions suggested that the plasmid DNA was a mixture of two different plasmids. This was confirmed by constructing recombinant plasmids between S. kasugaensis plasmid DNA and pBR322, and then by isolating two plasmids after SalI endonuclease treatment followed by sucrose gradient centrifugation. One of the plasmids (pSK1) had a single recognition site for BamHI, EcoRI, and SalI, and three sites for BglII. The other plasmid (pSK2) had a single recognition site for EcoRI and BglII, two recognition sites for BamHI, and no cleavage site for SalI. The cleavage maps of these plasmids were constructed using several restriction endonucleases.     

Plasmids of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis 6701

Abstract Plasmids were obtained from Synechocystis 6701 using a lysis method that employed a hemicellulase digestion procedure. Eight major bands were observed in the initial preparation. Four of the smaller plasmids were isolated using preparative agarose electrophoresis gels and identified by restriction endonuclease analysis. Chromosomal DNA was screened with 15 restriction enzymes and 6 ( Eco RI, Sst I, Hpa I, Bst EII, Acc I, and Bgl II) were effective. Analysis of DNA fragments from plasmids pSCY 1–4 indicated that each plasmid was unique and that their approximate sizes were 5, 7.5, 13.5 and 15 kb, respectively. Digestion of pSCY 1 and pSCY 4 with Bgl II produced DNA fragments that may be used to construct a conjugation vector for this unicellular cyanobacterium.     

牛pAcGFP-FADD融合蛋白真核表达载体构建及在CHO-K1细胞中的表达

FADD是Fas/FasL系统的一个信号连接蛋白,通过传递凋亡信号,介导细胞凋亡.为了揭示FADD在牛卵泡发育过程中的调控作用,采用RT-PCR从牛卵巢组织中扩增FADD基因,将其cDNA终止密码子删除,采用定向克隆技术连接到带有水母绿色荧光蛋白(AcGFP)报告基因的真核表达载体pAcGFP-N1中,构建融合蛋白重组质粒,经BglⅡ/EcoR Ⅰ酶切、测序鉴定后,用脂质体介导质粒转染CHO-K1细胞,观察有无荧光的表达及用RT-PCR和Western blotting方法检测基因转录、表达情况.结果表明,成功克隆牛FADD基因,通过PCR方法在FADD阅读框两端引入了Bgl Ⅱ和EcoR Ⅰ克隆位点,并于起始位点前加入Kozak序列,成功构建pAcGFP- bFADD融合蛋白真核表达载体,重组质粒转染CHO-K1 24 h后在荧光显微镜下观察到绿色荧光,转染效率可达65%,通过RT-PCR扩增出654 bp的转录产物,并用Western blotting检测到51.4 kD目的蛋白的表迭.     

Ribosomal DNA restriction analysis and synthetic oligonucleotide probing in the identification of genera of lower trypanosomatids.

Fifty-four species or isolates of insect trypanosomatids were examined for the presence of selected restriction enzyme sites in the small (SSU) and large (LSU) rRNA coding units of ribosomal genes. In the SSU, sites for Eco RI, Bgl II, Pst I, and Hind III were found to occur at the same location for all species examined, thus displaying a universal distribution among trypanosomatids. In the LSU, a site for Bgl II in the 24S-alpha sequence and sites for Hind III and Pst I in the 24S-beta sequence were found in all species examined. In contrast, a site for Pvu II in the SSU exhibited a genus-related distribution, being present in Crithidia and Herpetomonas but absent in Phytomonas. A site for Hind III in the 24S-alpha sequence of the LSU also exhibited genus-restricted distribution. The site was present in Crithidia but absent in Phytomonas and Herpetomonas. These findings were confirmed by dot hybridization with a synthetic oligonucleotide complementary to the 18S rRNA sequence containing the Pvu II site. Results point to the usefulness of restriction markers as diagnostic tools for distinguishing the lower trypanosomatid genera Crithidia, Herpetomonas, and Phytomonas at the same time revealing a marked complexity within the genus Leptomonas.     

大熊猫线粒体DNA的九种限制酶图谱

本文用9种限制性内切酶（BamHⅠ,BglⅠ,BglⅡ,EcoRⅠ,EcoRⅤ,PstⅠ,PvuⅡ,SalⅠ,XhoⅠ）分析大熊猫的线粒体DNA（mtDNA）。构建其中5种酶（BamHⅠ,EcoRⅠ,EcoRⅤ,PstⅠ,PvuⅡ）的mtDNA物理图谱。大熊猫mtDNA的分子大小约为16.4 Kb,酶切位点是随机分布。我们的结果为进一步研究大熊猫mtDNA进化提供了基础资料。     

Transposition of Tn5096 from a temperature-sensitive transducible plasmid in Streptomyces spp.

Transposon Tn5096 was inserted into a derivative of the temperature-sensitive plasmid pMT660 containing the bacteriophage FP43 pac site. The resulting plasmid, pRHB126, was transduced by FP43 into several Streptomyces species. Tn5096 transposed from pRHB126 into different sites in the genomes of Streptomyces ambofaciens, Streptomyces cinnamonensis, Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2), Streptomyces fradiae, Streptomyces griseofuscus, and Streptomyces thermotolerans.     

High copy number plasmid vectors for use in lactic streptococci

Abstract A 3.8 kb DNA fragment from plasmid pBD64 which encoded chloramphenicol and kanamycin resistance genes, but had no replication region, was used as a replicator probe to select for the replication region of the cryptic lactic streptococcal plasmid pSH71 using Bacillus subtilis as host. Three of the resultant recombinant plasmids, pCK1, pCK17 and pCK21 are described. They are vectors in Streptococcus lactis and can be used to clone Bgl II-compatible fragments into their kanamycin resistance gene. All the plasmids have single sites for restriction endonucleases Ava I, Bam HI, Eco RI, Pvu II and Xba I, while plasmids pCK17 and pCK21 have single sites for Cla I.     

谷氨酸棒杆菌/大肠杆菌穿梭型启动子探测载体构建

从质粒pXZ10145和pUC19出发,构建了一个谷氨酸棒杆菌/大肠杆菌穿梭载体pAK6。pAK6的大小为5684bp,带有卡那霉素和氨苄青霉素抗性选择标记,以及多克隆位点。在pAK6基础上,构建了以氯霉素乙酰转移酶为报告基因的启动子探测载体pAKC6,pAKC6的大小为6474bp。采用鸟枪法,将经Sau3AI消化的谷氨酸棒杆菌基因组片段连入pAKC6;根据谷氨酸棒杆菌对氯霉素的抗性,从中分离出两个具有启动子功能的插入片段。通过测定报告基因氯霉素乙酰转移酶的活性,对两个启动子片段在谷氨酸棒杆菌中的强度进行了初步的判断;测序后,用启动子预测软件对其结构进行了预测,证实了启动子序列的存在。     

Submicromolar free calcium modulates dexamethasone binding to the glucocorticoid receptor

The relative distribution of bound cis- and trans-(NH₃)₂PtCl₂ at specific sites in SV40 DNA is evaluated by monitoring the extent to which five restriction endonucleases, each of which cleave at a single, unique site, are inhibited as a result of the DNA modification. The order of cleavage inhibition is Bgl 1 ? Bam HI > Hpa II, Kpn I > Eco RI. Both isomers produce a comparable effect for any particular endonuclease. Inhibition correlates with the % (G+C) content within and about the recognition sequences. That modified sequences immediately adjacent to the recognition sequence influence cleavage is further supported by differential cleavage observed with the multicut Hind III endonuclease. The binding of cis-(NH₃)₂PtCl₂ at the hyper-reactive Bgl 1 site may well be directly responsible for inhibiting SV40 replication.     

Screening of plasmids in non-pathogenic corynebacteria

Abstract A screening of plasmids in 25 nonpathogenic coryneform bacteria was carried out. 11 Strains showed at least one plasmid, ranging in size from 4.2 to 55 kb. These plasmids did not encode bacteriocin production or resistance to a number of antibiotics or to ions such as arsenite, mercury(II) and cobalt(II). A detailed study of plasmid pBL100 from Brevibacterium linens is presented. pBL100 has a size of 7.75 kb, and contains single sites for the endonucleases: Hin dIII; Pst I, Bgl II, Eco RI and Bam HI. B. linens is easily and efficiently transformed with vectors derived from pBL1 isolated from Brevibacterium lactofermentum .