中国尾秽蝇属五新种(双翅目:蝇科)(英文)

本文记述尾秽蝇属Pygophora Schiner 5新种,即异斑尾秽蝇P. immacularis Cui et Xue、球尾秽蝇P. orbiculata Cui et Zhang、锤尾秽蝇P. capitata Cui et Xue、指尾秽蝇P. digitata Cui et Xue和周氏尾秽蝇P. choui Cui et Xue。 模式标本异斑尾秽蝇存于中国科学院动物研究所;锤尾秽蝇存于西北农业大学昆虫博物馆;其余存于沈阳师范学院生物系。     

鹅观草属的几个新组合

本文报道了禾本科鹅观草属的三个种级新组合和四个变种级新组合。即大丛鹅观草Roegneria magnicaespis (D.F.Cui)L.B.Cai;新疆鹅观草Roegneria sinkiangensis(D.F.Cui)L.B.Cai;阿尔泰鹅观草Roegneria altaica(D.F.Cui)L.B.Cai;短芒鹅观草Roegneria glaberrima var.breviarista (D.F.Cui)L.B.Cai;林缘鹅观草Roegneria mutabilis var.nemoralis (D.F.Cui)L.B.Cai;多花鹅观草Roegneria abolinii var.pluriflora (D.F.Cui)L.B.Cai和曲芒鹅观草Roegneria tschimganica var.glabrispicula (D.F.Cui)L.B.Cai。     

Two polypores from Yunnan new to China

1 INTRODUCTION Wood-rotting fungi have been intensively studied in China （Dai ＆ Niemela 2002; Dai et al. 2003, 2004a, 2004b; Dai ＆ Penttil/i 2006）, and some new species and new records were found from tropical and subtropical forests in southern part of the Country （Cui et al. 2006b; Cui et al. 2007; Dai 2004; Dai ＆ Cui 2005; Dai ＆ Yuan 2005; Yuan et al. 2004）. Some species are new forest pathogens （Cui et al. 2006a; Dai et al. 2001, 2002, 2004）.     

新疆披碱草属的新分类群

本文发表了禾本科披碱草属的四个新种及四个新变种:大丛披碱草Elymus magnicaespes D.F.Cui,sp.nov.;新疆披碱草E.sinkiangensis D.F.Cui,sp.nov.;喀什披碱草E.kaschgaricus D.F.Cui,sp.nov.;阿尔泰披碱草E.altaicus D.F.Cui,sp.nov.;短芒光穗披碱草E.glaberrimus (Keng et S.L.Chen)S.L.Chen var.breviaristus S.L.Chen ex D.F.Cui,var.nov.;林缘狭颖披碱草E.mutabilis (Drob.)Tzvel.var.nemoralis S.L.Chen ex D.F.Cui,var.nov.;多花大穗披碱草E.abolinii (Drob.)Tzvel.var.pluriflorus D.F.Cui,vat.nov.;光穗曲芒披碱草E.tschimganicus (Drob.)Tzvel.var.glabrispiculus D.F.Cui,var.nov.     

新疆碱茅属的新分类群

发表了禾本科碱茅属的三个新种:多花碱茅Puccinellia florida D.F.Cui,sp.nov.,阿尔金山碱茅P.arjinshanensis D.F.Cui,sp.nov.,小药碱茅P.microanthera D.F.Cui,sp.nov.。     

新疆赖草属的新分类群

发表了禾本科赖草属的二个新种及一个新亚种:高株赖草Leymus altus D.F.Cui, sp.nov.,阿尔金山赖草L.arjinshanicus D.F.Cui, sp.nov.,大药窄颖赖草L.angustus subsp.macroantherus D.F.Cui, subsp.nov.。     

几株非模式白腐菌降解能力的研究

利用愈创木酚选择培养基,从11种白腐菌株中定性筛选出3株白腐菌,分别是毡毛栓孔菌Trametes velutina Dai10149、鍺栓孔菌T.ochracea Cui 6888、绒毛栓孔菌T.pubescens Cui 7571。重量法绘制它们的生长曲线,同时测定其蛋白质含量及胞外酶活。通过比较发现,绒毛栓孔菌T.pubescens Cui 7571的生长速度快,且具有较强及稳定的酶活分泌能力;对针叶植物、阔叶植物及单子叶草本的木质纤维素均表现出较好的降解效果。     

鼩蝟(Neotetracus sinensis Trouessart)一新亚种

在整理云南高黎贡山兽类考察报告中,查阅了国内收藏的采自四川西部和云南各地的鼩蝟标本。经对比研究,判定云南西部和西南部地区的鼩蝟为新亚种,现描述如下: 滇西鼦蝟Neotetracus sinensis hypolineatus,新亚种 正模采号76310,♀(成),1976年12月6日采自云南腾冲大塘(冷水河),海拔2,100米。 副模采号76334,♂(成),1976年12月12日采获,采集地与正模相同;采号640136;♀(成),1964年11月7日采自云南景东磨刀河,海拔2,100米。     

新疆泽泻属一新种

本文发表了新疆泽泻属一新种,即小泽泻Alisma nanum D.F.Cui,sp.nov。     

国产赖草属(禾本科)两个类群的修订

根据标本研究、野外考察和实验观察,对国产赖草属Leymus两个类群进行了分类修订,将阿尔金山赖草Leymus arjinshanicus D．F．Cui和L．aerginshanicus D．F．Cui ssp．ruoqiangensis（S．L．Lu＆Y.H．Wu）D．F.Cui处理为若羌赖草L．ruoqiangensis S．L．Lu＆YH．Wu的新异名,将纤细赖草L．secalinus（Georgi）Tzvel．var．tenuis L．B．Cai提升为一个独立的种L．tenuis（L．B．Cai）L．B．Cai．     

1960-2010年广西红树林空间分布演变机制

为全面摸清1960—2010年广西红树林空间分布及其演变机制,采用多源遥感数据提取不同年度的红树林空间分布信息,分析了广西红树林空间分布动态特点,采用基于斑块的红树林空间演变机理分析方法,研究了1960/1976—2010年广西红树林空间演变机制。结果表明:1960/1976年、1990s年、2001年、2007年和2010年广西红树林斑块数量分别为1020、829、1094、1718个和1712个,面积分别为9062.5、7430.1、7015.4、6743.2、7054.3 hm2,近50年间红树林面积减少了22.16%,年均减少0.53%,斑块数量增加了67.8%;斑块平均面积由1960/1976年的8.9 hm2减小至2010年的4.1 hm2,大斑块数量显著减少,斑块破碎化严重;不同时期、不同区域和海湾,红树林面积和斑块数量的变化量、变化速率均不同;1960/1976年的斑块中,只有24个斑块至2010年时尚保持稳定,占2.4%,绝大部分斑块都发生了某种程度的变化。进一步分析结果表明:1960/1976—2010年,斑块消失(46.1%)、碎化(40.4%)、萎缩(13.5%)是面积减少的主要途径,新增(70.0%)和碎化(29.9%)是斑块数量增加的主要途径,但在不同时期,斑块数量和面积在各个途径上发生的变化量不尽相同;养殖塘和盐田建设(80.0%)、工程建设(10.9%)和围垦(9.1%)是面积净减少的驱动因子,自然过程(92.6%)和人工造林(7.4%)是斑块数量净增加的驱动因子,不同驱动因子在不同时期对斑块数量和面积变化的影响程度不同;斑块数量变化主要由自然过程作用下通过新增(39.6%)、消失(-9.1%)两个途径,以及养殖塘和盐田作用下通过消失(-15.3%)、碎化(14.5%)两个途径发生,斑块面积变化主要由自然过程影响下通过新增(17.5%)、扩张(12.6%)、消失(-6.1%),以及养殖塘和盐田建设驱动下通过斑块消失(-14.8%)、碎化(-13.9%)、萎缩(-6.6%)3个途径发生。     

The Labidocarpine mites (Acari: Chirodiscidae) from oriental bats. IV. Genera Olabidocarpus Lawrence, 1948, Dentocarpus Dusbabek & Cruz, 1966, Labidocarpellus Fain, 1976 and Pteropiella Fain, 1970, with a key to the genera of Chirodiscidae

Summary The oriental species of the genera Olabidocarpus Lawrence, 1948, Dentocarpus Dusbabek & Cruz, 1966, Labidocarpellus Fain, 1976 and Pteropiella Fain, 1970 are revised. The species are redescribed and depicted except for a few which have been fully described recently. The total number of species known from these genera in this region is now 17. Labidocarpellus papuanus Fain, 1975 is replaced in the genus Pteropiella. The subgenus Dentocarpus (Paradentocarpus) Fain, 1976 is placed in synonymy with Labidocarpellus and the three species described in this subgenus (D. (P.) abyssinicus Fain, 1976, D. (P.) phyllodermae Fain, 1976, and D. (P.) kimberleyensis Fain & Lukoschus, 1981) are transferred to Labidocarpellus. Labidocarpellus notopteris Fain, 1976 and L. novaeguineae Fain, 1976 are now transferred to Dentocarpus. Olabidocarpus peropteryx Fain, 1972 and O. guyanensis Fain, 1972 are transferred to Labidocarpellus. A key is given to all the genera of Chirodiscidae parasitic on bats. ac]19820102     

Ernst Hadorn, a pioneer of developmental genetics

This article gives a short and personal portrait of Ernst Hadorn (1902-1976), one of the most influential developmental biologists in Europe. Hadorn initially worked with amphibia, but then soon turned to Drosophila where he very successfully studied lethal factors and the development of imaginal disks.     

Eradication of the melon fly,Dacus cucurbitae,from Kume is., Okinawa with the sterile insect release method

The sterile insect release method was applied to eradicate the melon fly, Dacus cucurbitae, from the 58.5 km² island of Kume, in the Okinawa Islands group. Weekly releases of 1 to 1.5 million flies irradiated as pupae with 6–7 kR from a cobalt-60 source did not decrease the wild melon fly population. Releases of 1.5–2 million pupae per week made from September, 1975 to January, 1976 decreased the percent egg-hatch of females caught on Kume Is., but did not decrease the percent infestation significantly. The number of pupae released was increased from February, 1976 to accelerate the eradication process. When the number of pupae released exceeded 3.5 million per week, a rapid increase in the ratio of marked (sterile) to unmarked (wild) flies, a remarkable decrease in percent egg-hatch, and a decrease in percent infestation of fruits were observed. There has been no sign of melon fly infestation in wild cucurbit fruits from October, 1976 to the present time (April, 1977), despite the fact that more than 70,000 fruits were carefully examined. The eradication of the melon fly from Kume Is. was thus achieved by April, 1977, after the release of 264 million sterile fly pupae.     

Occurrence of antibodies to the etiologic agents of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, parainfluenza 3, leptospirosis, and brucellosis in white-tailed deer in Minnesota

A serologic survey was conducted on 628 white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in 1976 and 1979-1980. Tests for antibodies to the etiologic agents of infectious bovine rhinotrancheitis (IBR), parainfluenza 3 (PI3), leptospirosis, and brucellosis produced positive results of 15%, 20%, 3% and 0%, respectively. Adult deer had significantly higher prevalence of antibodies to IBR virus and PI3 virus than fawns. These data provide a basis for monitoring these disease agents in Minnesota's white-tailed deer.     

On the early growth of 0+ perch, Perca fluviatilis, in Windermere

SUMMARY. The growth in length and weight (wet and dry) of 0+ perch Perca fluviatilis during their first summer of life in Windermere, has been investigated. Two major stanzas, occurring during and after metamorphosis, characterize the growth of 0+ perch in Windermere. The change from one stanza to another takes place between six and eight weeks after hatching. The exponential rate of growth in length was 0.26 and 0.27 mm mm⁻¹ week⁻¹ for the first stanzas of 1975 and 1976, respectively, and decreased to about 0.08 and 0.07 mm mm⁻¹ week⁻¹ for the second stanzas of the same years. Similarly, the growth in both wet and dry weights decreased from the first to the second stanza. Growth of 0+ perch was found to be logistic, and could not be described by the von Bertalanffy growth curve. The relationship between weight and length was allometric and the power values for length were, for wet weight: 4.154 (in 1975) and 4.033 (in 1976) for the first stanza and 2.400 (in 1975) and 2.734 (in 1976) for the second stanza; for dry weight: 3.988 (1975) and 3.971 (1976) for the first stanza and 3.066 (1975) and 2.651 (1976) for the second stanza. Half of the total growth was completed in 47% (1975) and 40% (1976) of the total growth period to the end of the summer.     

Leopard seals at The Snares islands,New Zealand

Abstract

On 23 November 1976 we found a 270-cm-long leopard seal, Hydrurga leptonyx (de Blainville), resting on rocks 4 m from a 20 × 30-m pool in Seal Cove, on the east side of Main Island, The Snares.     

The discomfort index,mortality and the London summers of 1976 and 1978

The Discomfort Index (DI), and its associated heat load categories as worked out for conditions in Israel, was used in a study of the summer months of 1976 and 1978 in London. The cool summer of 1978 presented no heat load problems but the exceptionally warm summer of 1976, especially the period between 22 June and 9 July, produced several days of moderate heat load conditions. During this hot spell mortality from ischaemic heart disease, cerebrovascular accidents and respiratory disease all increased substantially. It is suggested that the heat load categories, although rarely attained, would be useful in predicting danger periods during heatwave conditions in the United Kingdom.     

Macrophytes of the River Wear: 1966, 1976, 1986

Summary

A survey was made during 1986 of the longitudinal distribution of macrophytes in the River Wear (N-E. England) in order to make comparisons with surveys in 1966 and 1976. The presence or absence of species recognizable with the naked eye was recorded in 1986 for 74 of the possible 211 0.5-km lengths of river. In contrast to the marked differences between 1966 and 1976, changes since 1976 were minor; many were probably merely a reflection of recent flow events. The most clear-cut difference was the loss of most of the Elodea canadensis population. The only other change in records which may reflect a longer-term environmental change was a marked increase in the moss Amblystegium riparium, a species characteristically associated with organic pollution.