Cancer de la prostate : utilité de la TEP-TDM à la F-fluorocholine

In oncology, positron emission computed tomography (PET/CT) has become an essential tool for initial staging, response evaluation and follow-up of cancer patients. Most of the frequent tumors (lung, breast, esophagus, and lymphomas) are highly avid for ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose (¹⁸FDG), but prostate cancer has not demonstrated significant uptake of FDG. The development of new tracers labeled with ¹⁸F such as choline analogs allowed already to obtain interesting results particularly in patients with biological relapse and inconclusive conventional imaging work-up. The impact of ¹⁸F-flurocholine PET/CT on patient management needs to be validated in large studies, but many centers use already this examination in order to guide further management, including radiotherapy planning.     

Contribution à l'étude de la structure de la chromatine: I - Etude physico-chimique de la stabilité de la chromatine

Physicochemical studies of calf thymus chromatin were performed on micromicellar suspensions by thermal denaturation. These diluted suspensions were obtained, by a controlled shearing method, from a compact gel chromatin. Sedimentation and free-flow electrophoresis determined the size distribution of these particles. The most important result is a new transition on the melting profiles corresponding to a sudden increase of solution turbidity. This chromatin solution transition occurs at a higher temperature than usual DNA transition. The degree of « turbidity transitiondiminishes with micelle size but disappears when they are very mildly degraded by DNAases and when F₁ histone fraction is removed.This transition is not only size dependent but also depends on the micellar structure. This phenomenon is interpreted as an excluded volume effect by contact between compact and native regions of nucleoprotein micelles and denatured coils of DNA. Our study tried to show that the degree of turbidity transition can be a criterion of chromatin native structure.     

Étude de la matière colorante de la grotte d'Arenaza (Galdames, Pays Basque, Espagne)

The present work completed the research that we have developed during the last years in the cave. The analysis of the painting matter has been made to recognize the anthropic origin of certain figures, to compare the natural iron oxide deposits with one of the paintings with the purpose of establishing the supply area, and to compare the pictorial matter of the different figures to characterize the technical process of the cave. Nineteen samples were taken, from the painted figures and from natural depots. The analysis made in the C2RMF have confirmed the anthropic origin of two figures and have shown the preparation of different pigments for a same painting.     

Activité oxydasique de l''oxydoréductase de la xanthine, spécifique de la classe des mammifères

In every species other than mammals xanthine oxidoreductase behaves as a dehydrogenase, never as an oxidase. In three mammalian species, the enzyme acts intracellularly as a dehydrogenase, but its class-specific ambivalence allows its extracellular conversion into an oxidase.

Résumé

En dehors de la classe des Mammifères, l'oxydoréductase de la xanthine ne se comporte jamais comme une oxydase. Chez les Mammifères, une ambivalence de la molécule permet l'expression d'une activité déshydrogénasique (NAD) dans la cellule, et d'une activité oxydasique en dehors de la cellule.     

Valoración de la fuerza,la flexibilidad,el equilibrio,la resistencia y la agilidad en función del índice de masa corporal en mujeres mayores activas

Introduction

Overweight and obesity are increasing at an alarming rate among older people. This is mainly because this population is predominantly sedentary. The aim of this study was to classify, according to the body mass index (BMI), a group of older active women and to evaluate the different basic physical abilities as a function of this.

Material and methods

The BMI and fitness were evaluated in 60 elderly active women (mean age: 66.14 ± 6.59 years) using the 2-minute step test, arm curl test, chair stand test, back scratch test, chair-sit and reach-test, flamenco test, and 8-foot up-and-go test.

Results

It was found that 52.23% of the women studied had a normal BMI and 47.76% were slightly overweight. There were no cases of obesity or underweight. Women with normal BMI had better values in all tests than overweight women. Significant differences were found in the flamenco test (P < .05), and 8-foot up-and-go test (P < .01).

Conclusions

Older women who usually do physical activity had a normal or slightly overweight BMI. It was also found that women with lower BMI have better resistance, flexibility, balance and strength.     

Évolution horaire au cours d'une journée normale de la photosynthèse, de la transpiration, de la respiration foliaire et racinaire et de la nutrition N.P.K. chez Zea mays

Hourly development during a normal day of photosynthesis, transpiration, leaf and root respiration, and of N.P.K nutrition in Zea mays. Metabolism of Zea mays L. cv. INRA F₇×F₂ can be measured hourly with the “C₂3A system”, under favourable and constant growth conditions. The photosynthesis is especially stable and is submitted only to a development linked with the leaf surface growth. During the vegetative stage the leaf surface increases regularly both in the day and in the night. The water loss does not change during the diurnal period and remains important during the night if humidity is less than 100%. The leaf respiration is nearly stable. The root respiration, measured with O₂ and CO₂, fluctuates according to a typical rhythm with two maxima. Day and night mean rates were about the same. The respiratory quotient is about one during the vegetative stage. There is no decrease in the rate of phosphate absorption during the night, and a very small decrease in the rate of nitrate absorption. Ammonium is totally consumed in the first hours after renewal of the nutrient solution. At the same time the potassium consumption is decreased, and then presents a maximum followed by a night reduction. Under our conditions, all of the observations allowed us to assume the presence of an adequate reserve of assimilates and suggest the existence of a precise regulation process, which can ensure an even day night functioning of the plant metabolism, but which does not preclude the presence of internal rhythms, as indicated by the oscillation of the root respiration.     

L’industrie aurignacienne de la grotte de Šandalja II (Istrie, Croatie) dans le contexte de la région de l’Est de l’Adriatique

This paper presents the results obtained by lithic analysis of Early Upper Palaeolithic levels in Šandalja II Cave, Istria, Croatia. Technological and typological analysis of stone and typological analysis of bone artefacts have been carried out. Production of flakes in Aurignacian levels (G, F, E and E/F) is dominant, but blade and bladelets production is also present. Blades and bladelets were produced by direct soft hammer technique. Aurignacian people of Šandalja II produced their debitage mainly on local grey chert, which is often patinated. Šandalja II is one of the rare—if not the only—site with Aurignacian industry in eastern Adriatic region. The main reason for absence of such industry at other sites can be seen in scarce population or abandonment of some parts of this region.     

Développement de la partie antérieure de la mandibule de Salmo trutta fario L. (Pisces, Teleostei, Salmonidae)

A study of the origin and development of the bony complex ("dentaire" s.l.) later forming the anterior part of the mandible of Salmo fario leads to the following conclusions: (1) various modes of ossifications occur in the ontogeny of this bony complex, (2) the main component is the dermal (dento-splénial) whereas the enchondral one (mentomeckelien) is much reduced, (3) the proposed term "dento-splénio-mentomeckelien" focuses attention, at the same time, on the order of appearance and relative importance of the two components.     

La eclosión de la sarcopenia: Informe preliminar del Observatorio de la Sarcopenia de la Sociedad Española de Geriatría y Gerontología

Sarcopenia is a common and prominent geriatric syndrome, of major interest for daily clinical practice of professionals working with older people. The number of affected individuals and its relation with disability, frailty, many chronic diseases, lifestyle and adverse outcomes are extremely relevant for geriatric care. Moreover, biological changes that lead to the loss of muscle mass and strength are intrinsically related to the mechanisms of aging. It is not therefore surprising that research in this field is growing exponentially in recent years, and sarcopenia has been placed in recent years in the forefront of research in geriatric medicine and gerontology.The Spanish Society of Geriatrics and Gerontology has recently created an Observatory of Sarcopenia, which aims to promote educational and research activities in this field. The first activity of the Observatory has been to offer the Spanish speaking scientific community a review of the current status of sarcopenia, that may allow unifying concepts and fostering interest in this promising field of geriatrics.