Multivariate analysis of theSenecio nemorensis group (Compositae) in the Carpathians with a new species from the East Carpathians

Six species and subspecies of theS. nemorensis group from the Carpathians are recognized here, based on morphometric analyses (cluster and discriminant analyses). A new speciesS. ucranicus Hodálová and a new hybridS. ×dominii Hodálová=S. germanicus Wallr.×S. ucranicus Hodálová, occurring in the East Carpathians and the eastern part of the South Carpathians, are described. The vicarious nature ofS. hercynicus Herborg subsp.hercynicus, S. dacicus Hodálová etMarhold andS. ucranicus Hodálová in the Carpathians is documented. A key to theS. nemorensis group in the Carpathians as well as toS. nemorensis L. s. str. is presented.     

Alchemilla boluensis (Rosaceae), a new species from the west Black Sea region (Bolu, Turkey)

Alchemilla boluensis from the west Black Sea region of Turkey is described as a species new to science and illustrated. It belongs to the section Alchemilla , subsection Calycanthum and series Elatae , and is closely related to A. amoena , from which it mainly differs in its stem and leaf features.     

Description of a new species of Wormaldia from Sardinia and a new Drusus species from the Western Balkans (Trichoptera,Philopotamidae, Limnephilidae)

New species are described in the genera Wormaldia (Trichoptera, Philopotamidae) and Drusus (Trichoptera, Limnephilidae, Drusinae). Additionally, the larva of the new species Drusus crenophylax sp. n. is described, and a key provided to larval Drusus species of the bosnicus-group, in which the new species belongs. Observations on the threats to regional freshwater biodiversity and caddisfly endemism are discussed.The new species Wormaldia sarda sp. n. is an endemic of the Tyrrhenian island of Sardinia and differs most conspicuously from its congeners in the shape of segment X, which is trilobate in lateral view. The new species Drusus crenophylax sp. n. is a micro-endemic of the Western Balkans, and increases the endemism rate of Balkan Drusinae to 79% of 39 species. Compared to other Western Balkan Drusus, males of the new species are morphologically most similar to Drusus discophorus Radovanovic and Drusus vernonensis Malicky, but differ in the shape of superior and intermediate appendages. The females of Drusus crenophylax sp. n. are most similar to those of Drusus vernonensis, but differ distinctly in the outline of segment X. Larvae of Drusus crenophylax sp. n. exhibit toothless mandibles, indicating a scraping grazing-feeding ecology.     

Chromosome counts in some Alchemilla species from north-east Anatolia

This paper presents the results of karyological analysis of seven Alchemilla species collected from north-east Anatolia, Turkey, belonging to Alchemilla sect. Alchemilla subsect. Heliodrosium ser. Vulgares and subsect. Calycanthum ser. Elatae and ser. Calycinae. The following chromosome numbers were determined: A. haraldi 2n = 85–105, A. heterophylla 2n = 85–97, A. hirtipedicellata 2n = 86–100, A. oriturcica 2n = 86–102, A. persica 2n = 78–99, A. procerrima 2n = 69–78 and A. trabzonica 2n = 78–88. The chromosome numbers of three of these seven species are presented for the first time.     

Viola suavis, a new species in the Nordic flora, with analyses of the relation to other species in the subsection Viola (Violaceae)

Evidence from cytology, enzyme markers and morphometry suggest that a species of Viola (Violaceae) collected in southeastern Norway should be referred to V. suavis , although differing in some phenotypic traits. V. suavis is not previously known from the Nordic countries, but must now be regarded as an established member of the Norwegian flora. It was probably introduced more than a century ago, providing an interesting analogy to the situation of V. alba in Öland (Sweden). Thus, it seems like human activity have played a role for expanding the distribution areas of several of the species within Viola subsection Viola (V. alba, V. hirta, V. odorata and V. suavis ). Electrophoretic evidence showed that the basal chromosome number of the subsection is x=5. V. suavis (2n=40) is allo-octoploid, and closely related tetraploid taxa were easily recognized. However, it is difficult to trace its origin to lower-ploid ancestors, and it seems likely that the complex may have contained extinct taxa with other allelic combinations that better explain the origin of V. suavis .     

Radiizonates arcuatus, a distinctive new miospore species from the Lower Carboniferous of Western Gondwana

A new species of trilete zonate miospores, Radiizonates arcuatus, is established for Lower Carboniferous Western Gondwanan forms hitherto ascribed misguidedly to Radiizonates genuinus (Jushko) Loboziak and Alpern (1978), a Russian Lower Carboniferous species. The latter binomen is, moreover, not a valid combination and is more correctly designated as Vallatisporites genuinus (Jushko) Byvsheva, 1980. R. arcuatus is, from records to date, confined to westerly parts of Gondwana (Brazil, North Africa and Middle East), in which it is characteristic of Early Carboniferous strata, albeit with some slightly older and slightly younger occurrences.     

Hieracium vierhapperi (Asteraceae) a new species to the Carpathians, with some remarks on its origin

Hieracium vierhapperi (Zahn) Szeląg, known so far only from the Alps, was discovered in the Nízke Tatry Mts in Slovakia, as a new species to the Carpathians. Diagnostic characters, illustration and distribution as well as ecology of H. vierhapperi in the Nízke Tatry Mts are given. A key to distinguish H. vierhapperi from the morphologically related species is added. The Carpathian plants are tetraploid (2n = 36) and reproduce apomictically. The origin of H. sect. Cernua R. Uechtr in the Western Carpathians is briefly discussed.     

A new species of Cycas from the Malabar Coast, Western Ghats, India

A new cycad species,Cycas annaikalensis, has been discovered from the Malabar Coast of the southern Western Ghats of India. Although geographically distributed in a small population within the range ofC. circinalis, it can be distinguished from the other described IndianCycas species by its distinct habitat, habit, morphology of vegetative and reproductive parts, and anatomy of leaflets.     

Mallomonas alphaphora (Chrysophyceae), a new species from Western Australia

A new species ofMallomonas, M. alphaphora (Chrysophyceae), was found in freshwater ponds in the Perth region, Western Australia. It is distinguished from other species ofMallomonas by its very distinctive scale and bristle morphology and is placed in a new section,Alphaphorae, of the genusMallomonas. Dedicated to Prof. DrL. Geitler on the occasion of the 90th anniversary of his birthday.     

Yersinia species in the dunnock (Prunella modularis) in sub-alpine habitats of the Western Carpathians

The study presents the prevalence of Yersinia species in dunnok Prunella modularis from the sub-alpine zone of the Western Carpathians. Bacteria were detected from cloacal and pharyngeal swabs from 97 specimens using PCR assay. Yersinia enterocolitica showed the highest prevalence (47.4%) from among the determined Yersinia species. Yersinia species (except Y frederiksenii) were detected more frequently in pharyngeal than cloacal samples. The highest prevalence of yersiniosis was detected in April (Yersinia spp. - 80%, Y. enterocolitica - 70%). No statistically differences were observed in the prevalence of Yersinia spp. between males and females and between juveniles and adult birds. Bacterial contamination did not affect body weight or tarsus length.     

Eriocaulon balakrishnanii (Eriocaulaceae), a new species from the Western Ghats of India

A new species, Eriocaulon balakrishnanii (Eriocaulaceae) from the Western Ghats of Karnataka State in India is described and illustrated. This species is allied to E. robusto-brownianum and E. lanceolatum but differs in a number of characters from both.     

A new genus and a new species of the weevil subfamily Hyperinae (Coleoptera,Curculionidae) from Western Tien Shan,Uzbekistan

A new monotypical genus Basilypera gen. n. with the type species B. tatyanae sp. n. is described from Angren Plateau in Western Tien Shan, Uzbekistan.     

Aspergillus taichungensis,a new species from Taiwan

Aspergillus taichungensis isolated from a soil sample collected in Taiwan is described as a new species. The new species is characterized by its restricted growth on Czapek's and malt extract agars and its white to light yellow colonies, radiate conidial heads, smooth and often diminutive conidiophores, hemispherical to elongate vesicles with biseriate aspergilla (conidiogenous cells), globose, micro-verrucose conidia and dark brown sclerotia. The species somewhat resemblesA. versicolor, A. terreus andA. flavipes, but differs in cultural and morphological details, and is considered to represent an interface species in the subgenusNidulantes.     

Talaromyces euchlorocarpius, a new species from soil

A new species ofTalaromyces, characterized by development of unusual deep green ascomata on common media, is described and given the nameTalaromyces euchlorocarpius. This species, isolated from soil, also produces ellipsoidal, spinose ascospores, typically biverticillate penicilli, large ellipsoidal, smooth-walled conidia, and is assigned to the seriesLutei of the sectionTalaromyces.