The Gene Encoding Protein Kinase SEK1 Maps to Mouse Chromosome 11 and Human Chromosome 17

We report the mapping of the human and mouse genes encoding SEK1 (SAPK/ERK kinase-1), a newly identified protein kinase that is a potent physiological activator of the stress-activated protein kinases. The human SERK1 gene was assigned to human chromosome 17 using genomic DNAs from human–rodent somatic cell hybrid lines. A specific human PCR product was observed solely in the somatic cell line containing human chromosome 17. The mouseSerk1gene was mapped to chromosome 11, closely linked toD11Mit4,using genomic DNAs from a (C57BL/6J ×Mus spretus)F₁×M. spretusbackcross.     

The Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase ? Gene Maps to Mouse Chromosome 7 and Human Chromosome 10q26

We have mapped the mouse protein tyrosine phosphatase ? (PTP?, gene symbolPtpre) gene to the distal region of chromosome 7 by linkage analysis using two sets of multilocus genetic crosses. The humanPTP? gene (gene symbolPTPRE) was mapped to chromosome 10q26 by fluorescencein situhybridization. We have previously documented the existence of two isoforms ofPTP?—a transmembranal, receptor-type isoform and a shorter, cytoplasmic one. Both isoforms have been suggested to arise from a single gene through the use of alternative promoters and 5′ exons. The identification of a singlePTP? locus in both organisms is consistent with this suggestion.     

真核生物mRNA的帽结构与帽结合蛋白

帽结构是所有ＲＮＡ 聚合酶Ⅱ转录产物的特征性结构,它在ｍ ＲＮＡ 的功能和代谢的很多方面起作用． 在这些过程中还离不开相关蛋白质对它的识别和粘附,作为它行使功能的媒介,这些蛋白质就称为帽结合蛋白（Ｃａｐ－Ｂｉｎｄｉｎｇ Ｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ,ＣＢＰ）． 该文主要讨论了帽结构与胞质中的ＣＢＰ－ｅＩＦ４Ｅ（ｅｕｋａｒｙｏｔｉｃ ｉｎｉｔｉａｔｉｏｎ ｆａｃｔｏｒ ４Ｅ,真核起始因子４Ｅ）的相互作用在ｍ ＲＮＡ 指导的翻译起始中的作用机制,以及帽结构与核内发现的另一种ＣＢＰ复合体相互作用在ｍ ＲＮＡ 加工中的作用．     

真核生物mRNA的帽结构与由结合蛋白

帽结构是所有ＲＮＡ聚合酶Ⅱ转录产物的特征性结构,它在ｍＲＮＡ的功能和代谢的很多方面起作用。在这些过程中还离不开相关蛋白质对它的识别和粘附,作为它行使功能的媒介,这些蛋白南就称为帽结合蛋白（Ｃａｐ－Ｂｉｎｄｉｎｇ Ｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ,ＣＢＰ）。该文主要讨论了帽结构与胞质中的ＣＢＰ－ｅＩＦ４Ｅ（ｅｕｋａｒｙｏｔｉｃ ｉｎｉｔｉａｔｉｏｎ ｆａｃｔｏｒ ４Ｅ,真核核起始因子４Ｅ）的相互作用在ｍＲＢＮＡ指导的     

Cloning, Tissue Expression Pattern, and Chromosome Location of a Novel Human Gene BRI3BP

A novel cDNA fragment was identified from a human fetal brain cDNA library by using the coding sequence of human BRI3 gene (Accession No. NM015379) as bait in a yeast two-hybrid screening. Then by 5'-RACE (rapid amplification of cDNA end) and electronic hybridization, we obtained a 1.9 kb contig which consists of a novel gene. It was designated as BRI3BP by the HUGO Nomenclature Committee. It contains an open reading frame encoding 251 amino acids. The calculated molecular weight of the deduced protein is 27.8 kU. The predicted isoelectric point is 9.48. Northern hybridization showed its mRNA was highly expressed in brain, kidney, and liver. By RH mapping, the BRI3BP gene was mapped to human chromosome 12q24.2-qter     

组织凝集素在人染色体上的基因定位

本文用非放射性DIG标记组织凝集素基因探针研究其在人染色体上的基因定 位,首先对基因原位杂交条件进行了一系列研究。结果表明采用染色体温和变性、基因 片段探针等为较好的基因原位杂交条件,通过135个细胞中期相的分析结果显示, 杂交阳 性率为20%,本底为2.81,杂交点分布峰位于3q12-13。 Abstract:The localization of sarcolectin gene on human chromosome is studied.A modified system of in situ hybridization was developed.A specific signal was generated by employing a nonradioactive DIG-labelled gene fragment as a probe in combination with the hybridization buffer containing no dextran sulphate and softly denatured chromosomes.Using this system,unique sequence for sarcolectin as small as 0.65kb was detectable and observed at 3q12-13.Of 135 metaphases examined,27(20%) had at least one grain deposited on 3q12-13,and the backgrand was 2.81.     

G蛋白偶联受体的结构与功能

G蛋白偶联受体(Gprotein-coupled receptor,GPCR)是具有7个跨膜螺旋的蛋白质受体,根据其序列的相似性以及与配基的结合情况,共分为5个亚家族,是人体内最大的蛋白质家族,也是重要的药物靶标。二聚体或寡聚体的形成,以及G蛋白偶联受体多元素参与的信号网络传递模式的研究,打破了传统的配基→G蛋白偶联受体→G蛋白→效应器的这种单一的线性信号传递模式,它的结构与功能的研究对于新药的开发、研制以及推动医药领域的发展起着举足轻重的作用。     

DLG1: Chromosome Location of the Closest Human Homologue of the Drosophila Discs Large Tumor Suppressor Gene

The Drosophila discs large tumor suppressor protein, Dlg, is the prototype of a newly discovered family of proteins termed MAGUKs (membrane-associated guanylate kinase homologues). MAGUKs are localized at the membrane-cytoskeleton interface, usually at cell-cell junctions, where they appear to have both structural and signaling roles. They contain several distinct domains, including a modified guanylate kinase domain, an SH3 motif, and one or three copies of the DHR (GLGF/PDZ) domain. Recessive lethal mutations in the discs large tumor suppressor gene interfere with the formation of septate junctions (thought to be the arthropod equivalent of tight junctions) between epithelial cells, and they cause neoplastic overgrowth of imaginal discs, suggesting a role for cell junctions in proliferation control. A homologue of the Dlg protein, named Hdlg, has been isolated from human B lymphocytes. It shows 65-79% identity to Dlg in the different domains, and it binds to the cytoskeletal protein 4.1. Here, we report that the gene for lymphocyte Hdlg, named DLG1, is located at chromosome band 3q29. This finding identifies a novel site for a candidate tumor suppressor on chromosome 3.     

大麦多节分枝多穗矮秆突变基因的染色体定位

采用全套染色体形态性状标记系, 对大麦多性状综合突变基因mbd进行了染色体定位。结果表明,mbd在大麦的1H染色体上,处于矮秆基因br和裸粒基因n之间,可能由1H的短臂携带。其中,与短臂上br之间的遗传距离为29 .7cM,与长臂上n的遗传距离是42cM。 Abstract:In this paper a mutation gene mbd of 93-597,a multimode,branched and dwarf syndrome artificially induced in barley was localized on the short arm of the chromosome 1,between the kriown dwarf gene br and the naked kernel gene n.The genetic distances of mbd to br and n were 29.7cM and 42.9cM respectively.     

大麦多节分枝多穗矮秆突变基因的染色体定位

采用全套染色体形态状标记系,对大麦多性状综合突变基因ｍｂｄ进行了染色体定位,结果表明,ｍｂｄ在大麦的１Ｈ染色上处于矮秆基因ｂｒ和裸粒基因ｎ之间,可能由１Ｈ的短臂携带,其中,与短臂上ｂｒ之间的遗传距离为２９．７ｃＭ,与长臂上ｎ的遗传距离是４２ｃＭ。     

Structure and Location of the Murine Adrenoleukodystrophy Gene

X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is a degenerative neurological disease characterized by the accumulation of very long chain fatty acids in various tissues and demyelination of the central nervous system. The human gene responsible for the disease encodes a membrane-bound ATP-binding transporter protein that is located in peroxisomes. We isolated the mouse adrenoleukodystrophy gene, determined its structure, and mapped it both cytogenetically and genetically. The mouse gene is very similar in structure to the human gene, consisting of 10 exons arranged over a 22-kb genomic region. We localized it in band B of the mouse X chromosome by fluorescencein situhybridization analysis and, using a new microsatellite repeat polymorphism, determined the map location as 47 cM from the X centromere. We found evidence for other sequences in the mouse genome related to the 3′ end ofAldgh. This study paves the way for the construction of gene-targeting plasmids that may be used to develop an animal model of ALD.     

人牛精浆蛋白相关新基因的cDNA克隆、定位和表达

为了研究牛精浆 (bovineseminalplasma ,BSP)蛋白及其相关蛋白在受精及受精卵发育中的重要作用 ,寻找BSP蛋白相关新基因 .采用cDNA末端快速扩增 (RACE)技术 ,克隆了一个BSP蛋白相关基因的cDNA序列 .应用辐射杂种细胞系 (RH)技术进行了基因染色体定位 .通过RT PCR检测了该基因在人体各组织中的表达情况 .并将该基因编码的蛋白进行了原核表达 .新基因的cDNA长度为 10 5 2bp ,其开放阅读框架 (ORF)编码了一个含 2 2 3个氨基酸残基的蛋白质 ,氨基酸序列中含有 4个纤连蛋白Ⅱ结构域 ,与BSP蛋白在结构上具有一定的相似性 ,称其为人BSP相关蛋白 (humanBSP relatedproteins ,HBRP) .该基因定位于染色体 19q13,在大肠杆菌中表达为 5 2kD的融合蛋白 .研究结果提示 ,应用RACE方法克隆了一种新的人类与BSP蛋白相关的基因 ,推测其编码蛋白是与BSP蛋白功能相关的结合蛋白 ,通过基因重组技术大量获得表达蛋白 ,对进一步研究新蛋白的生物学功能具有重要的意义 .     

The Structure and Organization of the Human NPAT Gene

Ataxia telangiectasia (AT) is an autosomal recessive gene disorder, andATM,a housekeeping gene, has been identified as the gene responsible for AT. Recently we found that another housekeeping gene,NPAT,is located upstream ofATMon human chromosome 11. The two housekeeping genes are transcribed in opposite directions and share a 0.5-kb 5′ flanking sequence. The structure and organization ofNPATwere determined by direct sequencing of cosmid clones carrying the gene and by application of the long and accurate (LA)-PCR method to amplify regions encompassing the exon/intron boundaries and all of the exons. The gene spans at least 44 kb and consists of 18 exons and 17 introns. It has been suggested that AT heterozygotes have an increased risk of developing cancer, especially breast cancer in women. Frequently, loss of heterozygosity at loci on 11q22–q24 has been observed in DNA isolated from tumors of the breast, uterine cervix, and colon, perhaps suggesting the location of a tumor suppressor gene in 11q22–q24. For investigation of the role ofNPATin AT and these tumors with allelic loss of 11q22–q24, appropriate primer sequences and PCR conditions for amplification of all theNPATexons from genomic DNA were determined. We previously reported that no recombinations are found amongAtm, Npat,andAcat1(acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase) loci as determined by fine genetic linkage mapping of the mouse AT region. The results of the LA-PCR analysis usingNPAT- andACAT-specific primers and human genomic DNA allowed us to mapACAT12 kb centromeric toNPAT.     

表达猪圆环病毒2型Cap蛋白重组复制缺陷型人5型腺病毒的构建及小鼠免疫试验

构建表达猪圆环病毒2型Cap蛋白重组复制缺陷型人5型腺病毒,评价其对小鼠免疫效果。本研究将编码PCV2Cap蛋白的ORF2克隆到腺病毒表达系统穿梭质粒,构建了重组穿梭质粒pacAd5CMV-Cap。将被限制性内切酶PacI线性化后的骨架质粒和重组穿梭质粒共转染HEK293AD细胞,两者在真核细胞内同源重组并包装出携带PCV2-Cap基因的复制缺陷型重组人5型腺病毒,命名为rAd5-Cap;以同样方法重组获得了不含任何靶基因的野生型重组腺病毒wt-rAd5。病毒增殖稳定后,rAd5-Cap与wt-rAd5滴度可达到108.5 TCID50/mL左右;一步增殖实验证明,相对于wt-rAd5,rAd5-Cap中Cap基因的引入几乎没有给重组腺病毒增殖造成影响。RT-PCR和间接免疫荧光实验显示,rAd5-Cap能够有效介导PCV2Cap蛋白在真核细胞HEK293AD细胞中表达。以107 TCID50的rAd5-Cap肌肉注射接种小鼠,14d后小鼠血清中产生可检测水平的针对Cap蛋白的体液免疫应答,并且至少在免疫后28d之前抗体水平持续加强。对重组腺病毒的分子生物学鉴定和在小鼠上的初步免疫试验结果表明,重组腺病毒rAd5-Cap可介导Cap蛋白在真核细胞中的表达,并且表达的靶蛋白具有较好的免疫原性,为进一步将其开发成新型PCV2疫苗奠定了基础。     

Human Artificial Chromosome with a Conditional Centromere for Gene Delivery and Gene Expression

Human artificial chromosomes (HACs), which carry a fully functional centromere and are maintained as a single-copy episome, are not associated with random mutagenesis and offer greater control over expression of ectopic genes on the HAC. Recently, we generated a HAC with a conditional centromere, which includes the tetracycline operator (tet-O) sequence embedded in the alphoid DNA array. This conditional centromere can be inactivated, loss of the alphoid^tet-O (tet-O HAC) by expression of tet-repressor fusion proteins. In this report, we describe adaptation of the tet-O HAC vector for gene delivery and gene expression in human cells. A loxP cassette was inserted into the tet-O HAC by homologous recombination in chicken DT40 cells following a microcell-mediated chromosome transfer (MMCT). The tet-O HAC with the loxP cassette was then transferred into Chinese hamster ovary cells, and EGFP transgene was efficiently and accurately incorporated into the tet-O HAC vector. The EGFP transgene was stably expressed in human cells after transfer via MMCT. Because the transgenes inserted on the tet-O HAC can be eliminated from cells by HAC loss due to centromere inactivation, this HAC vector system provides important novel features and has potential applications for gene expression studies and gene therapy.     

狂犬病病毒CVS株糖蛋白、核蛋白生物信息学分析

对狂犬病毒(rabies virus,RV)CVS株糖蛋白、核蛋白基因进行了克隆与测序,推导出相应的氨基酸序列。后采用Gamier-Robson方法和Chou-Fasman方法预测了蛋白的二级结构,用Kyte-Doolittle方法对蛋白的亲水性进行了分析,用Emi-ni方法预测了蛋白的表面可能性,以Jameson-Wolf方法预测了蛋白的抗原指数;综合分析预测蛋白的B细胞抗原表位。结果表明,糖蛋白在序列的121-126、133-137、161-165、191-193、201-204、214-216、221-225、264-267区域,核蛋白在序列的143-152、166-172、263-273、411-427区域或其附近最有可能是B细胞抗原表位的优势区域。