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1.
Peter J. Landolt†§ Connie Smithhisler† Todd Adams Richard S. Zack 《Agricultural and Forest Entomology》2003,5(4):333-339
Abstract 1 Chemical analyses of solvent extracts of pheromone glands of female western yellowstriped armyworm moths Spodoptera praefica (Grote) indicated the presence of (Z)‐7‐dodecenol (Z)‐7‐dodecenyl acetate (Z)‐9‐dodecenyl acetate (Z)‐9‐tetradecenyl acetate and (Z)‐11‐hexadecenyl acetate. 2 In field tests of combinations of these chemicals, small numbers of male S. praefica were captured in traps baited with (Z)‐7‐dodecenyl acetate. Numbers of males captured in traps were greatly increased in response to blends that included both (Z)‐7‐dodecenyl acetate with either (Z)‐9‐tetradecenyl acetate (Z)‐9‐dodecenyl acetate. The combination of (Z)‐7‐dodecenyl acetate and (Z)‐9‐tetradecenyl acetate provided the strongest sex attractant for use in trapping male S. praefica. 3 Males of the cabbage looper Trichoplusia ni (Hübner) were captured in traps baited with blends possessing (Z)‐7‐dodecenyl acetate, and were greatly reduced in traps baited with blends that included (Z)‐7‐dodecenol. 4 Multi‐component blends that included (Z)‐7‐dodecenol attracted males of the alfalfa looper Autographa californica (Speyer). 5 Males of Peridroma saucia (Hübner) and Mamestra configurata Walker were captured in traps that included (Z)‐9‐tetradecenyl acetate with (Z)‐11‐hexadecenyl acetate. 6 These responses by other species of moths to S. praefica pheromone components and blends may still complicate the use of any lure for S. praefica. 相似文献
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Preliminary study of female-targeted semiochemical baits for the western corn rootworm in Europe 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
M. Tóth J. Vuts I. Szarukán I. Juhász F. Manajlovics 《Journal of Applied Entomology》2007,131(6):416-419
Abstract: In recent years emphasis of semiochemical research on the western corn rootworm (WCR) ( Diabrotica v. virgifera LeConte, Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) shifted towards the development of more female-specific lures. Through identifying volatile compounds from maize silk, Hammack (J. Chem. Ecol., 27, 2001,1373) claimed that some combinations of the newly identified compounds were more powerful in attracting females than the conventional floral baits (based on 4-methoxycinnamaldehyde). Earlier we found that the newly developed 'hat' trap design (KLP) when baited with the floral bait was especially suitable for the capture of female WCR. Encouraged by this we set out to compare efficiency of female-targeted Diabrotica baits. None of the treatments tested captured females in higher percentage than the conventional WCR floral bait (4-methoxycinnamaldehyde + indole). The combination of β -ionone + methyl salicylate + β -caryophyllene (attractant found to be more female-specific in the USA previously) was not more attractive for females than unbaited controls. No other treatment produced significantly higher female percentages than the conventional floral bait. However, the conventional bait caught far more beetles than any of the other treatments. Electroantennographic responses from male or female antennae were very similar, suggesting that all 27 floral compounds tested were perceived similarly by the two sexes. The only exception was β -ionone, to which females were slightly more responsive. It seemed that among the other compounds none showed potential for the development of a more female-specific lure. In conclusion, so far the most efficient female-targeted trap-bait combination for WCR in Europe is the conventional floral attractant applied in KLP traps. 相似文献
3.
Júlia K. Jósvai Erzsébet Voigt Miklós Tóth 《Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata》2016,159(3):370-374
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Miklós Tóth Peter Landolt István Szarukán Imre Szólláth Imre Vitányi Béla Pénzes Katalin Hári Júlia Katalin Jósvai Sándor Koczor 《Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata》2012,142(1):27-35
When testing pear ester (ethyl‐2,4‐decadienoate) + acetic acid (PEAA) lures to catch codling moths, Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), in Hungary, significant catches of the apple clearwing moth, Synanthedon myopaeformis (Borkhausen) (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae), were also recorded. This sesiid is one of the most important pests of apple in Europe. Pear ester plus acetic acid lures were attractive to S. myopaeformis no matter whether the two compounds were provided in separate dispensers or mixed together in a single dispenser, and a large percentage (40–80%) of the clearwing moths caught were females. In all cases, traps baited with binary combinations of PEAA caught far more than traps baited with either of the compounds presented alone. Traps with PEAA lures in some tests caught (females and males together) up to ca. 20% of the catch in traps baited with the synthetic apple clearwing moth sex attractant (all males). Consequently, the PEAA lure shows potential for future practical applications as a female‐targeted lure. To our knowledge, this is the first report of attractiveness of a lure containing pear ester for non‐tortricid Lepidoptera. Our finding suggests that the compound may be exploited as a host location stimulus by a wider array of insects than was indicated previously. 相似文献
5.
Cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is one of the most important pest insects in cotton fields in China. Female moths were captured by waterbasin traps with a synthetic female sex pheromone blend in cotton fields over three years. The blend contained (Z)‐11‐hexadecenal and (Z)‐9‐hexadecenal with a ratio of 97:3. Each pheromone dispenser was impregnated with 2.0 mg of pheromone blend and 0.2 mg of antioxidant dissolved with 0.1 mL of hexane, and there was a control dispenser with a similar amount of antioxidant and solvent only. Waterbasin traps were deployed in three configurations in the fields. ‘A’ was pheromone traps only, ‘B’ was both pheromone and control traps, ‘C’ was control traps only. (i) In four plots of ‘A’, the average weekly female catch was 1.5, and more females were captured by centrally located pheromone traps, (ii) In three plots of ‘Brsquo;, control traps also captured female as well as male moths, but average weekly female catches of control traps was significantly lower than that in pheromone‐baited traps. (iii) There were significant linear relationships between the average weekly female catch and the corresponding layer in pheromone‐baited traps in both ‘A’ and ‘B’ plots, and in quadratic equations in control in ‘B’ plots. (iv) With the increase of the interval of traps, average weekly female catches per trap increased but average weekly female catches per hectare decreased. (v) Among the female moths captured by pheromone traps, 88.3% were mated female moths which each containing 1.46 spermatophores, while in control traps 86.9% of the mated female moths had 0.90 spermatophores. There was a significant difference between the average numbers of spermatophores of mated females in pheromone traps and in controls. 相似文献
6.
J. A. Pajares G. Álvarez D. R. Hall N. Ibarra G. Hoch P. Halbig D. Cocoş H. Johansson M. Schroeder 《Journal of Applied Entomology》2017,141(1-2):97-111
Monochamus sutor (Linnaeus) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) is a secondary wood borer that has been hypothesized as capable of transmitting Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, the causal agent of pine wilt disease (PWD). This fact supposes a risk of spread of PWD over Europe and has created an urgent need for effective tools to detect and monitor both the nematode and the insect species that vectors it. Recent reporting of 2‐undecyloxy‐1‐ethanol as the M. sutor male‐produced aggregation pheromone has opened the possibility of developing an efficient lure for this species. It is known that some European bark beetle pheromone compounds and host volatiles kairomonally attract this species. Besides, smoke volatiles from burnt trees might play a role in M. sutor host location. In this work, field trapping experiments during 3 years in three countries (Spain, Sweden and Austria), aimed to develop an efficient pheromone‐kairomone lure operative for M. sutor management were carried out. Electroantennographic responses by M. sutor to Ips pheromones and to the Pityogenes chalcographus pheromone chalcogran were also studied. GC‐EAG recording showed that M. sutor males and females clearly responded to ipsenol and ipsdienol, and females also responded to 2‐methyl‐3‐buten‐2‐ol. Chalcogran elicited a response to M. sutor female antennae. In field tests, ipsenol was the most attractive kairomone to both sexes of M. sutor, whereas ipsdienol, cis‐verbenol and 2‐methyl‐3‐buten‐2‐ol were attractive and chalcogran was unattractive. When combined with the pheromone, most bark beetle kairomones increased catches of both sexes although chalcogran was completely ineffective. Thus, ipsenol was the strongest individual kairomone for M. sutor and the best single kairomone to be combined with the pheromone. Smoke volatile blends tested in Spain and Austria did not elicit responses, suggesting that these compounds are likely not involved in host finding by this species. 相似文献
7.
Orientation disruption (indicated by reduced trap catch) of adult male Planotortrix octo (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) was examined in eight small plot trials at four apple orchards over three years, using either (i) Z5-14:OAc (inhibitor), (ii) a blend of 25:75 Z5-14:OAc and Z8-14:OAc (inhibitor plus partial pheromone), or (iii) 50:50 Z8-14:OAc and 14:OAc (pheromone) in polyethylene rope dispensers at 100 or 200 dispensers per 0.1 ha. Use of inhibitor plus partial pheromone gave significant reductions in trap catch in all eight trials. Inhibitor alone gave statistically significant reductions in catch in all three trials where it was tested, but was not as effective as the inhibitor plus partial pheromone in one of these trials. Three trials comparing efficacy between the pheromone and the inhibitor plus partial pheromone blend showed no difference between these blends. Analysis of covariance of trap catch after treatment, using the catch in the first generation in each trap as a covariate, was useful for detection of treatment effects. Traps containing the blend of Z5-14:OAc and Z8-14:OAc were not attractive, suggesting that false trails may not be important where this blend is used, since it is an incomplete pheromone and contains an inhibitor.Disruption of mating was examined in closed containers, with dispensers containing (i), or (ii). Mating frequency was 86.4% in the controls, compared to only 14.3% with the inhibitor present alone, or 1.7% with partial pheromone and inhibitor. The frequency of mating in scotophase within 1–8 h after termination of 24 h exposure to a very high dose of the non-attractive blend of 25%:75% Z5-/Z8-14:OAc was identical for treated and untreated P. octo males. 相似文献
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9.
David Maxwell Suckling Andrew Robert Gibb Tracy Johnson David Robert Hall 《Biocontrol Science and Technology》2006,16(9):919-927
The identification of sex attractants was undertaken for potential use in the study of two biological control agents against Rubus spp. in Hawaii. Attractants for Croesia zimmermani (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) and Schreckensteinia festaliella (Lepidoptera: Heliodinidae) were developed by field screening a variety of putative lures in sticky traps, based on attractants for congeneric species. Croesia zimmermani was most attracted to E11-tetradecen-1-ol and E11-tetradecenal, while S. festaliella was attracted to (10,12)-(E,E)-hexadecadienal alone. Development of monitoring systems based on sex attractants can enable better evaluation of biocontrol programmes, and provide cost-effective information on presence/absence, density, phenology, synchrony with the host, dispersal rate and other useful parameters. 相似文献
10.
为筛选一种容易取材、价格低廉且诱食效果较佳的天然饵料,在野外测定了隆缘桉树皮、杉树皮和甘蔗渣三种饵料对黑翅土白蚁和黄翅大白蚁的诱食效果。结果表明在非选择性取食试验中,桉树皮、杉树皮和甘蔗渣在埋插后15 d的诱食率为84.26%、77.78%和8.33%;在选择性取食试验中,桉树皮、杉树皮和甘蔗渣在埋插后15 d的诱食率为87.04%、81.48%和9.26%。在两种试验条件下,桉树皮和杉树皮对两种白蚁均有较好的诱食效果,且两者之间的差异不显著,甘蔗渣对两种白蚁的诱食效果较差。 相似文献
11.
Gary J.R. Judd Naomi C. DeLury & Mark G.T. Gardiner 《Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata》2005,114(1):35-45
Pheromone‐based mating disruption of lepidopteran pests (Tortricidae) of pome fruits using hand‐applied dispensing systems has become standard management practice for many producers in western North America. Sprayable microencapsulated (MEC) pheromone formulations that enable the application of pheromone controls with other orchard sprays and assist in the development of multispecies mating‐disruption systems are currently under development. Responses of male Choristoneura rosaceana (Harris) and Pandemis limitata (Robinson) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) to calling females in clean air, and air treated with their major pheromone component (Z)‐11‐tetradecenyl acetate (Z11‐14:OAc), released from a 3M sprayable pheromone formulation containing proprietary 3M Phase I microcapsules, applied at doses of 1, 10, and 100 mg of active ingredient (ai) m?2 to the upwind end of a flight tunnel (equivalent to field rates of 10, 100, and 1000 g ai ha?1) were compared in laboratory flight tunnels. In both species, disorientation was found to be dose‐dependent, because relative to male orientation to calling females in clean air, the orientation of male P. limitata was disrupted 23.3, 46.3, and 71.3%, and orientation by male C. rosaceana was disrupted 31.6, 37.7, and 45.8% by treatment doses of 1, 10, and 100 mg m?2, respectively. Latency of male responses to calling females in a background of Z11‐14:OAc relative to responses in clean air was also dose‐dependent. Albeit short, the disruption lasted 26, 74, and 218 h in P. limitata and 30, 54, and 174 h in C. rosaceana at each application rate, respectively. Disruption by pheromone treatment was greater in P. limitata than in C. rosaceana. This difference may be correlated with species’ differences in the pheromone release rates of females. Mechanisms of disruption invoked by this 3M MEC pheromone formulation are discussed in relation to issues of its longevity and observed differences in the effects against the two species. It appears possible to evaluate relative activity of MEC pheromones in a laboratory setting which may aid in development of new formulations for mating disruption. 相似文献
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林间试验研究了用合成性信息素（反,反）－8,10－十二碳双烯－1－醇（E8,E10－12,OH）和（反,反）－8,10－十二碳双烯乙酸酯（E8,E10－12,Ac)(2:3)诱捕法防治行道树害虫槐小卷蛾（Cydia trasias Meyrick)的防治效果,诱捕区长500米,宽40米,三角形粘胶诱捕器悬挂在距地面约3m的国槐树侧枝上,诱捕器间距约15m,共悬挂62个诱捕器,对照区长250m,与诱捕区相距400米,防治效果用活雌蛾诱捕器,粘翅活雌蛾交配率以及国槐叶柄和果荚的受害率进行评价,槐小卷蛾一年有3次成虫发生高峰期,雌雄性比接近1：1,在诱捕区内,越冬代,第一代和第二代成虫发生期间分别诱集到雄蛾2268,2149和2342头,在越冬代和第二代成虫发生盛期,诱捕区内活雌蛾诱捕器诱捕雄蛾的数量比对照区明显减少（P＜0．01）,诱捕区内粘翅雌蛾的交配率比对照下降86．0％,在第一代,第二代和第三代幼虫为害盛末期,诱捕区内叶柄及果荚被蛀率分别比对照降低63．51％,68．47％和73．45％（P＜0．01）,试验结果表明,用合成性信息素诱捕法防治槐小卷蛾效果明显,前景广阔。 相似文献
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小菜蛾Plutella xylostella L.是为害十字花科蔬菜的世界性大害虫。小菜蛾的综合防治技术中,昆虫信息素技术因其安全无污染的特点受到人们的关注,但由于市售性诱剂在不同蔬菜种植区的诱蛾效果存在明显差异,严重制约了该技术的推广和应用。因此,本研究开展珠江三角洲区域针对性小菜蛾引诱剂研制及田间诱集效应的研究。研究结果表明,小菜蛾合成性信息素组分顺-11-十六碳烯醛(Z11-16:Ald),顺-11-十六碳烯乙酸酯(Z11-16:Ac)与顺-11-十六碳烯醇(Z11-16:OH)均能引起小菜蛾雄成虫触角产生电生理反应。田间诱集效应试验表明,小菜蛾合成性信息素组分Z11-16:Ald,Z11-16:Ac和Z11-16:OH在诱芯中比例为30∶70∶0.1,剂量为100.1μg时的田间诱蛾效果最好,与已报道性诱剂配方50∶50以及70∶30∶1相比较,诱蛾效果增加了28%-38.1%和65.1%-66.9%,明显提高了小菜蛾引诱剂的田间诱蛾效果。适用于珠三角地区的区域性小菜蛾引诱剂的研制与应用,有望在小菜蛾地区针对性害虫生态调控技术中发挥重要作用。 相似文献
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V. Marius Aurelian Maya L. Evenden Gary J.R. Judd 《Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata》2012,145(2):102-114
Recent introduction of Synanthedon myopaeformis (Borkhausen) (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) into organic apple‐growing areas of Canada has stimulated research on semiochemical‐based management of this European pest. Replicated, small‐plot (0.16 ha) experiments were conducted to compare sex pheromone, 3Z,13Z‐octadecadienyl acetate (10 mg), Concord grape juice (300 ml), or their combination, as mass‐trapping lures at trap densities equivalent to 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 traps ha?1. Total numbers of male and female moths removed from test plots increased significantly with trap density in all juice‐based mass‐trapping experiments. In pheromone mass‐trapping experiments, however, total catches of males did not increase significantly as trap densities were increased and catches appeared to plateau with 25–50 traps ha?1. With pheromone‐based mass‐trapping, significantly fewer males were caught in pheromone‐baited assessment traps at the centre of each mass‐trapping plot than in identical traps in untreated plots. This reduction is indicative of significant trap interference or trap ‘shut‐down’. Increasing the density of juice‐based mass‐trapping had no effect on catches of male or female moths in juice‐baited assessment traps, indicating a short range of attraction and lack of interference between juice traps. Pheromone‐ and juice‐based mass trapping removed similar numbers of males at each trap density tested, respectively, but summed catches of males and females were greatest with juice baits. Combining pheromone and juice into a single mass‐trapping treatment (50 traps ha?1) did not significantly increase catches of males or females relative to either treatment alone. If a practical bisexual mass‐trapping system is going to be developed for S. myopaeformis, then identification of volatile kairomones in Concord grape juice may be useful. 相似文献
17.
用不同溶剂不同方法提取美洲大蠊Periplaneta americana(L.)粪便,测定美洲大蠊各虫态的诱集活性。结果表明,采用直接浸泡提取方法,丙酮、乙醇、正己烷和二氯甲烷4种粗提物对美洲大蠊各虫态都具有明显的诱集作用,其中乙醇和丙酮粗提物的引诱效果最好,正己烷次之,二氯甲烷最弱。4种溶剂粗提物对美洲大蠊雄成虫和高龄若虫聚集活性最强,对低龄若虫聚集活性最弱。用乙醇溶剂对粪便粗提,3种提取方法均对美洲大蠊有很强的诱集效果,其中索氏抽提诱集效果最弱,直接浸泡和超声波提取效果好,且差异不显著,但直接浸泡提取效果更好。 相似文献
18.
H. L. McBrien G. J. R. Judd J. H. Borden 《Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata》1998,88(2):101-107
The potential for pheromone-based mating disruption of eye-spotted bud moth (ESBM), Spilonota ocellana (Denis & Schiffermüller) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), in apple orchards in the Okanagan Valley of British Columbia was examined in small-plot trials. In a preliminary experiment, treatment of the orchard atmosphere with a 99:1 blend of Z8-tetradecenyl acetate (Z8-14:OAc) and Z8-tetradecenyl alcohol (Z8-14:OH) completely inhibited captures of male ESBM in pheromone-baited traps, but treatment with Z8-14:OAc alone did not. Therefore, all subsequent trials used the two-component blend as a disruptant. Mean catches of male ESBM in traps baited with 0.1, 1, 10, or 20 mg of 99:1 Z8-14:OAc and Z8-14:OH were significantly reduced (81–97%) in pheromone-treated plots relative to similar traps placed in control plots. In both control and treated plots, there was a significant positive relationship between trap bait dose and trap catch. In pheromone-treated plots, this suggests that high doses of trap baits over-ride the camouflage effect of disruption or overcome the effect of sensory adaptation and habituation. The number of virgin-female baited traps capturing at least one male ESBM was reduced by 96%, and mating of virgin females on mating tables was reduced by 95% in plots treated with the two-component pheromone. The total amount of Z8-14:OAc released from pheromone disruption dispensers during the latter field trials was estimated to average 6.4 g ha-1 over 11 days or 26.4 mg ha-1 h-1. The low levels of Z8-14:OH released from disruption dispensers could not be estimated by GC analysis. Dispensers loaded with a 99:1 blend of Z8-14:OAc and Z8-14:OH were highly attractive to males in baited traps, indicating that they have the potential to induce false trail following. 相似文献
19.
用性信息素诱剂防治烟青虫的效果 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10
本文研究了两个烟青虫性信息素诱剂配方对烟青虫Helicoverpaassulta (Guen e)成虫的诱杀效果及诱杀成虫后田间烟青虫幼虫的虫口减退率和有虫株减退率。 1型诱芯配比为Z9 1 6 :Ald与Z1 1 1 6 :Ald 1 0 0∶9 5 ;Ⅱ型诱芯配比为 1 6 :Ald和Z9 1 6 :Ald与Z1 1 1 6 :Ald( 1 9 3∶1 0 0∶70 )。结果表明 :烟青虫性信息素诱剂Ⅰ ,Ⅱ型诱芯对烟青虫成虫都有很强的诱杀效果 ,在长达 85d的时间内 ,5个Ⅰ型诱芯共诱杀了4 0 4头雄性成虫 ,5个Ⅱ型诱芯共诱杀 4 1 9头 ,二者没有明显的差异。诱蛾地烟青虫幼虫的虫口密度和有虫株率都有明显的降低 ,Ⅰ、Ⅱ型诱芯使虫口密度和有虫株率的降低幅度均在 6 6 6 7%～ 90 91 %之间。性信息素诱剂使用方便、无毒、不污染环境 ,对烟叶不产生药害 ,防治效果良好 ,具有良好的应用前景。 相似文献
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Human sweat, liquid ammonia, and bovine blood are known to be attractive to some hematophagous flies. These materials were evaluated with and without carbon dioxide (CO2) for their ability to increase capture of female “canyon flies” (Fannia conspicua Malloch) using CDC‐type suction traps (without light). Ammonia acted synergistically with CO2 to increase trap catch 89.9% over CO2 alone. There was no synergistic effect of human sweat or bovine blood with CO2. In the absence of CO2, none of the three materials increased trap catch of female canyon flies relative to non‐baited traps. Implications for canyon fly control and further trap improvement are discussed. 相似文献