5-溴脱氧尿嘧啶核苷标记酵母基因组DNA的方法

胸腺嘧啶类似物5-溴脱氧尿嘧啶核苷(BrdU)标记技术是一种研究DNA复制、修复等生命过程的有效手段。由于酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)中缺少胸腺嘧啶核苷酸补救途径,胞外BrdU不能有效的渗入到基因组中,使该技术在酿酒酵母中的应用受到极大制约。通过在基因组中引入单纯疱疹病毒胞苷激酶(HSV-TK)和人类平衡核苷转运蛋白(hENT1)基因,工作建立了BrdU标记酵母基因组DNA的方法。在生长对数中期加入0.2mg/ml BrdU,离体检测法检测发现,标记3h的荧光信号较1h、5h时强;胞内检测法结果显示,标记3h时55.3%的基因组DNA中能够渗入BrdU。该工作为酿酒酵母DNA复制、修复等方面提供了直接有效的研究方法。     

热习服对家兔血浆、脑脊液和视前区-下丘脑前区环核苷酸含量的影响

William等认为,cAMP和cGMP对体温起对立平衡的调节作用。本实验通过洲定家兔热习服期间血、脑环核苷酸含量的变化,以观察在环境高温作用下,cAMP和cGMP对机体体温调节功能的影响。 材料和方法 青紫蓝雄性家兔,体重1.68～2.92kg,随机分为     

LncRNA MALAT1调控miR-383-5p对神经母细胞瘤细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭的影响

该文旨在探讨长链非编码RNA(lnc RNA)肺腺癌转移相关转录本1(MALAT1)对神经母细胞瘤(neuroblastoma, NB)细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭的影响及作用机制。选取2019年1月至2021年12月在凉山彝族自治州第一人民医院接受治疗的45例NB患者的NB组织和相邻的非癌组织,利用q RTPCR检测NB组织和相邻的非癌组织、人脐静脉内皮细胞HUVECs和神经母细胞瘤癌细胞系NMB、SHEP21N、SHEP2中MALAT1和miR-383-5p的表达水平。选择SHEP2为研究对象,将其随机分为si-NC组、si-MALAT1组、pc-NC组、pc-MALAT1组、mi R-NC组、mi R-383-5p过表达组(OE-mi R-383-5p组)、anti-NC组、anti-mi R-383-5p组、si-MALAT1+anti-NC组和si-MALAT1+anti-mi R-383-5p组; CCK-8法检测各组SHEP2细胞的增殖水平; Western blot实验检测各组SHEP2细胞中Cyclin D1、PCNA、MMP-2和MMP-9的蛋白表达水平; Transwel...     

叶绿体膜的结构与功能 Ⅺ.亚麻酸对小麦叶绿体膜结构、吸收光谱和荧光光谱的影响以及镁离子的调节作用

研究不同浓度的亚麻酸对小麦叶绿体膜结构、吸收光谱和荧光光谱的影响。观察到亚麻酸对叶绿体结构有显著的影响,并可提高叶绿体囊状体膜在蓝区和红区的吸收峰值,以及 F_(685)和 F_(738)的相对荧光产量。这些影响随着亚麻酸浓度的提高而加剧。此外,观察到 MgCl_2能够部分逆转亚麻酸所引起的叶绿体膜结构的变化,并能部分恢复囊状体膜吸收光谱的变化;同时,MgCl_2可进一步提高亚麻酸处理后叶绿体的 F_(685)相对荧光产量,但 F_(738)的相对荧光产量几乎不受影响。     

EXPERIMENTAL MANIPULATION OF ALTERNATIVE PATHWAYS OF DIFFERENTIATION IN CULTURES OF EMBRYONIC CHICK NEURAL RETINA

Embryonic chick neural retina cells can transdifferentiate during long-term cell culture into either pigmented epithelium or lens fibres. We have found that some culture conditions influence the choice between these pathways. Pigment cell development is promoted by low initial cell densities and by the use of a medium based on Earle's salt formulation rather than Hank's, while lens fibre development is encouraged by high initial cell densities and by folding the cell sheet into multilayered regions. Some differences in in vitro cell properties of neural retina are reported for two genotypes previously found to exhibit differences in in vitro cell properties of lens epithelial cells.     

THE INFLUENCE OF GROWTH-INHIBITING AND GROWTH-PROMOTING MEDIUM CONDITIONS ON CRYSTALLIN ACCUMULATION IN TRANSDIFFERENTIATING CULTURES OF EMBRYONIC CHICK NEURAL RETINA

The effects of media containing undialysed serum (controls) or dialysed serum with or without ascorbic acid, were compared during the second half of the 41-day culture period in embryonic chick neural retina cultures, which had all been grown in control medium prior to 19 days. Conditions permitting greatest culture growth (controls) showed earlier and more extensive development of lentoids, greater accumulation of total crystallin and a higher proportion of δ relative to α+β crystallins. Conditions allowing least culture growth (dialysed serum) gave converse results throughout. Thus changes in culture growth rate apparently affect δ crystallin production more than α or β crystallin production. Insulin promotes growth in neural retina cultures, whether present throughout the culture period (in this case 31 days), or only from 18 days onwards. The frequency and survival of putative neuronal cell aggregates are both increased by insulin during the first 18 days of culture. Delta crystallin production during subsequent transdifferentiation is selectively promoted by insulin when present throughout, but this effect is largely obviated when insulin is present only from 18 days onwards. This anomaly could arise through percursor cell selection during the earlier phases of culture, since it is possible that some (not all) lentoids may be derived from aggregates of neuronal-like cells in neural retina cultures. Thus precursor cell selection as well as culture growth rate may influence the pattern of crystallin production during transdifferentiation.     

抗菌多肽LC1的圆二色性和二级结构预测以及初步晶体学研究

由远紫外圆二色谱算得枯草杆菌Ａ０１４（Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓｓｐｐ．）所分泌的新型抗菌多肽ＬＣＩ在水溶液中的各种构象含量为：α螺旋４．７—６．０％,β折叠６７．２－７２．８％,无规卷曲和转角２１．１－２８．１％。对多种方法的二级结构预测结果进行综合分析表明,ＬＣＩ可能含有３个β转角,４个β折叠片段,仅含少量或不合α螺旋．晶体最大线度可达０．２×０．２×０．４ｍｍ,属于三方晶系。其六方Ｈ晶胞为ａ＝ｂ＝５１．２１空间群为Ｒ３２。     

胚胎大鼠视网膜超微结构与Nestin表达的增龄变化

目的研究在体视网膜祖细胞分布及分化发育规律. 方法运用透射电镜观察E18(E:胚胎)视网膜超微结构,采用免疫组化了解Nestin在不同发育时期视网膜的表达变化.结果 E18视网膜超微结构:①在神经母细胞层中、外侧,大多数细胞核浆比例大,核呈纺锤形或椭圆形,染色较深,常染色质细小,异染色质少,胞质内含丰富核糖体及少量线粒体.②在近巩膜侧的神经母细胞层可见有丝分裂细胞.2. Nestin表达丰富的部位主要集中在E16和E18的神经母细胞层;P4和P7(P:出生后)发育期内网层和神经纤维层,但在P21,Nestin在视网膜包括睫状体边缘区均呈阴性.结论 1.E18视网膜祖细胞主要位于神经母细胞层.2. Nestin阳性细胞产生视网膜细胞的顺序是先产生节细胞,感光细胞和内核层细胞次之,最后为米勒细胞.     

高粱叶片PEP羧化酶的溶液构象——近紫外圆二色性光谱研究

用近紫外CD光谱技术追踪了PEP羧化酶与各种配基的相互作用。底物PEP、必需金属离子Mg~( )、PEP-Mg~( )以及效应剂G6P、Gly、G6P-Gly,均可引起高粱叶片PEP羧化酶近紫外CD光谱各不相同的变化。这表明高粱叶片PEP羧化酶分子构象有较大的灵活性,不同的配基与酶相互作用可引起酶分子不同的构象变化,因而使酶分子表现出催化功能、调节特性、必需氨基酸残基的化学反应性以及稳定性诸方面的差异。     

小球菌核酸酶对裸露DNA分子和染色质的水解作用

鸡成年型β-珠蛋白基因5′端延伸区域的裸露DNA分子,经小球菌核酸酶水解后,按Maxam和Gilbert顺序分析方法,分析酶水解的位点。结果表明,此酶专一性地水解A和T硷基位点,优先水解由多聚A和/或T碱基构成的顺序以及排列在多聚C后面的T碱基位置。但是,当此DNA分子存在于鸡红细胞染色质结构中时,小球菌核酸酶的水解特性明显地与染色质结构有关。     

鸡视网膜甘氨酸受体、乙酰胆碱受体及离子通道在两栖类卵母细胞中的表达和初步研究

利用两栖类卵母细胞表达鸡视网膜ｍＲＮＡ,借助电压箝方法研究鸡视网膜中的神经递质受体和离子通道、结果表明,鸡视网膜中存在甘氨酸受体和Ｎ型的乙酰胆碱受体。但天冬氨酸和５－ＨＴ、多巴胺未能诱导电流反应。此外还检测到电压依赖性的离子流,主要为延迟整流型的外向钾电流和快速的内向钠电流。     

CHANGES IN THE LACTATE AND MALATE DEHYDROGENASE ISOENZYME PATTERNS OF CHICKEN EMBRYO BRAIN AND RETINA

Abstract— Lactate dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase isoenzyme patterns of chicken brain and retina have been investigated by cellulose acetate electrophoresis, during embryonic and post-hatching development. The proportion of M-type lactate dehydrogenase subunits decreases significantly in brain and retina with development. A marked increase in the H-type subunits is observed in retina. Lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme distribution appears to change in both organs in parallel with the metabolic changes of differentiation.
Malate dehydrogenase isoenzyme patterns do not reveal any consistent change of the ratio between the mitochondrial and cytoplasmic forms.     

冷冻干燥对紫膜菌紫质圆二色性的影响

无论是先冷冻后干燥,还是先干燥后冷冻,或只冷冻处理,或只干燥处理的干湿紫膜样品,也无论是在处理后将其悬浮在水中,或在十六烷中,或在大豆磷脂正己烷液中,紫膜中的菌紫质分子均丧失了天然紫膜水悬浮液中的圆二色谱的双相性。然而,对于先冷冻后干燥,只干燥处理的紫膜水悬浮液,这种双相性可以缓慢地恢复。该现象提示,冷冻和/或干燥处理对紫膜菌紫质的圆二色性的影响,可能主要通过影响脂区间接实现的;用环三体激子理论难以圆满解释该现象。     

小鼠胚胎神经干细胞的分离培养及其鉴定

且的探索小鼠胚胎神经干细胞的体外培养方法,并获取高纯度的神经干细胞,为神经干细胞的深入研究提供实验材料。方法无菌条件下分离E15天小鼠胚脑皮质,制成单细胞悬液,在bFGF和B27存在的培养基中培养扩增,通过免疫细胞化学染色鉴定神经干细胞及其子代细胞的分化方向。结果培养的部分细胞在B27和bFGF存在的无血清培养基中可以在体外分裂增殖,同时表达神经干细胞特异性抗原nestin,并在撤出B27和bFGF的有血清培养基中向神经细胞和胶质细胞分化。结论小鼠胚脑皮质存在具有多向分化潜能的神经干细胞,这些细胞可以在体外稳定培养、传代并自然分化,为细胞替代治疗提供了理想的细胞来源。