An annotated check-list of the Pteridophyta of Ceylon

The indigenous species of Pteridophyta known to occur in Ceylon number 314. In addition, 18 naturalized species occur as weeds of cultivation or as introduced aliens. Fifty-seven species are endemic to Ceylon and 28 non-endemic species are absent from India. Lists of these and other phytogeographical groupings are given. The full list of species is followed by comments on the taxonomy or nomenclature of 76 taxa. Four new combinations are made: Asplenium polyodon var. bipinnatum (Sledge) Sledge; Deparia polyrhizon (Baker) Sledge; Polystichum harpophyllum (Zenker ex Kunze) Sledge, and Bolbitis appendiculata var. asplenifolia (Bory) Sledge. Athyrium puncticaule (Blume) T. Moore and A. lanceum (Kunze) T. Moore replace A. anisopterum Christ and A. macrocarpum (Blume) Beddome, respectively.     

Prenylflavonoid variation in Humulus lupulus: distribution and taxonomic significance of xanthogalenol and 4'-O-methylxanthohumol

The resins produced by either lupulin or leaf glands of over 120 plants of Humulus lupulus and one plant of H. japonicus (Cannabinaceae) were analyzed for the presence of prenylated flavonoids. The H. lupulus taxa investigated were H. lupulus var. lupulus from Europe, H. lupulus var. cordifolius from Japan, and H. lupulus from North America. Fifty-two of the plants examined were cultivars of European, American, and Japanese origin. Twenty-two flavonoids were detected in the glandular exudates of H. lupulus by HPLC-MS MS. Xanthohumol (3'-prenyl-6'-O-methylchalconaringenin) was the principal prenylflavonoid in all H. lupulus plants and was accompanied by 11 structurally similar chalcones. Ten flavonoids were identified as the flavanone isomers of these chalcones. Three other prenylchalcones were isolated from H. lupulus cv. 'Galena', one of which was identified as 3'-prenyl-4'-O-methylchalconaringenin (named 'xanthogalenol'). The distribution of three 4'-O-methylchalcones, i.e. xanthogalenol, 4'-O-methylxanthohumol, and 4',6'-di-O-methylchalconaringenin, was found to be limited to wild American plants from the Missouri-Mississippi river basin, H. lupulus var. cordifolius, and most of their descendents. These 4'-O-methylchalcones were absent from cultivars of European origin, and from wild hops from Europe and southwestern USA. The flavonoid dichotomy (presence versus absence of 4'-O-methylchalcones) indicates that there are at least two evolutionary lineages within H. lupulus (European and Japanese American), which is in agreement with morphological, molecular, and phytogeographical evidence. Leaf glands of H. japonicus from eastern Asia did not produce the H. lupulus prenylflavonoids.     

Lista de los helechos y licófitos de Cuba

This paper presents an up-to-date list of the ferns and lycophytes of Cuba. The list contains 599 species in 131 genera and 37 families. In total, Cuba harbors 93 endemic species (17 lycophytes and 76 ferns) that represent a 15.5% of the total species of ferns and lycophytes. For each taxon the distribution in Cuba is given according to three phytogeographical subprovinces: Western Cuba, Central Cuba, and Eastern Cuba. The following new combinations are made: Amauropelta balbisii var. longipilosa, Amauropelta piedrensis var. heterotricha, Amauropelta scalpturoides var. glabriuscula, Christella hispidula var. inconstans, Cyathea × acunae, Didymoglossum caluffii, Didymoglossum micropubescens, Goniopteris alata var. subpinnata, Goniopteris sclerophylla var. latifolia, Pteris hexagona var. multifida . A new name, Goniopteris moranii, is given for Thelypteris guadalupensis. New records reported herein for Cuba are Megalastrum macrotheca, Polystichopsis argillicola, and Pteris propinqua.     

Hybrid speciation and radiation in the neotropical woody genusTocoyena (Rubiaceae)

The variation pattern of a large population ofTocoyena formosa in Botucatu, state of São Paulo, Brazil, and of other samples throughout the species area was analysed by morphometrical, statistical, ecological, and phytogeographical methods. Excessive variation and the remarkable coherence of two different character syndromes within this species strongly suggest that it has originated as a homogamic (diploid) hybrid complex. Possible parental species areT. brasiliensis, mainly from the Amazon region, andT. viscidula from the dry caatinga region of NE. Brazil.T. formosa has a much more extensive geographical range and greater ecological plasticity, ranging from the Amazon basin and the Guyanas throughout the Central Brazilian Plateau and from NE. to S. Brazil and Paraguay. Three (partly sympatric) varieties are distinguished withinT. formosa, i.e. var.formosa, var.pseudobrasiliensis (var. nov.), and var.microdon (comb. et stat. nov.). A provisional taxonomic revision, key, and conspectus covers the 12 accepted species ofTocoyena with blunt flower buds and ovate obtuse corolla lobes (group A, includingT. formosa); their distribution is shown in a map.     

A systematic revision of Potentilla lineata and allied species (Rosaceae) in the Himalaya and adjacent regions

IKEDA, H. & OHBA, H., 1993. A systematic revision of Potentilla lineata and allied species (Rosaceae) in the Himalaya and adjacent regions . Potentilla lineata and allied species (Rosaceae) in the Himalaya and adjacent regions are revised. Potentilla festiva Soják, P. josephiana H. Ikeda & H. Ohba, P. lineata Trev., P. fallens Card, and P. polyphylla Wall, ex Lehm. are recognized. Potentilla josephiana is a new name for P.fulgens Wall, ex Hook. var. intermedia Hook. f. Four varieties are recognized in P. polyphylla: var. polyphylla; var. himalaka H. Ikeda & H. Ohba, var. nov.; var. interrupta (Yü & Li) H. Ikeda & H. Ohba, stat. & comb, nov.; and var. barbata Lehm. A polyploid series is found in this group. Four putative hybrids between the species are also recognized.     

Isolation and characterization of two replication-dependent mouse H1 histone genes.

Mice contain at least seven nonallelic forms of the H1 histones, including the somatic variants H1a-e and less closely related variants H1 degrees and H1t. The mouse H1 degrees and H1c (H1var.1) genes were isolated and characterized previously. We have now isolated, sequenced and studied the expression properties of two additional mouse H1 genes, termed H1var.2 and H1var.3. Extensive amino acid and nucleotide sequence comparisons were made between the two genes and other mammalian H1 histone genes. A high degree of nucleotide sequence identity was seen between the H1var.2, rat H1d and human H1b genes, even well beyond the coding region, indicating that these genes are likely homologues. Unlike the previously characterized mouse H1var.1 gene which produces both nonpolyadenylated and polyadenylated mRNAs, the H1var.2 and H1var.3 genes produce only typical, replication dependent, nonpolyadenylated mRNAs.     

Response of resource allocation of Saussurea leontodontoides during its fruiting stage to the elevation

植物资源分配是目前植物生态学研究的热点问题, 主要集中在性分配和繁殖分配两个方面。该研究以分布在青藏高原的狮牙草状风毛菊(Saussurea leontodontoides)作为研究材料, 研究了6个海拔高度上果期植株的繁殖特征及资源分配的差异, 并用异速模型分析了繁殖性状及资源分配与个体大小的关系。结果显示: 1)狮牙草状风毛菊的个体大小、繁殖器官生物量、营养器官生物量、种子数和营养分配均与海拔存在极显著负相关关系, 百粒质量和繁殖分配与海拔存在极显著正相关关系。2)在不同海拔高度下, 百粒质量、种子数、繁殖器官生物量及营养分配与植株个体大小呈正相关关系; 繁殖分配与植株个体大小呈负相关关系; 而营养器官生物量与植株个体大小呈极显著正相关关系。这表明海拔和个体大小对狮牙草状风毛菊的繁殖对策有不同程度的影响, 狮牙草状风毛菊通过增加繁殖部分的生物量和百粒质量来适应高海拔的胁迫环境。     

狮牙草状风毛菊果期资源分配对海拔的响应

植物资源分配是目前植物生态学研究的热点问题, 主要集中在性分配和繁殖分配两个方面。该研究以分布在青藏高原的狮牙草状风毛菊(Saussurea leontodontoides)作为研究材料, 研究了6个海拔高度上果期植株的繁殖特征及资源分配的差异, 并用异速模型分析了繁殖性状及资源分配与个体大小的关系。结果显示: 1)狮牙草状风毛菊的个体大小、繁殖器官生物量、营养器官生物量、种子数和营养分配均与海拔存在极显著负相关关系, 百粒质量和繁殖分配与海拔存在极显著正相关关系。2)在不同海拔高度下, 百粒质量、种子数、繁殖器官生物量及营养分配与植株个体大小呈正相关关系; 繁殖分配与植株个体大小呈负相关关系; 而营养器官生物量与植株个体大小呈极显著正相关关系。这表明海拔和个体大小对狮牙草状风毛菊的繁殖对策有不同程度的影响, 狮牙草状风毛菊通过增加繁殖部分的生物量和百粒质量来适应高海拔的胁迫环境。     

A Check-List of the Species of the Genus Haemoproteus (Apicomplexa,Plasmodiidae)*

SYNOPSIS. A list of the presumably valid named species of the genus Haemoproteus Kruse, 1890 (Apicomplexa, Plasmodiidae) is given. It includes 133 species, 5 varieties and 1 subspecies. One new species is named: H. serini n. sp. for the form in the canary Serinus canarius called H. zuenyoni by Sergent & Sergent (90). The following emendations are made: H. aegyptius for H. cellii var. aegyptius Mohammed, 1958; H. cellii for H. noctuae var. cellii Coatney & Roudabush, 1937; H. hirundinis for H. danilewskii var. hirundinis Sergent & Sergent, 1905; H. tinnunculus for H. danilewskyi var. tinnunculus Wasielewski & Wiilker, 1918; H. crumenius for H. crumenium (Hirst, 1905) Coatney, 1936; H. mathislegeri for H. herodiadis var. mathislegeri Mohammed, 1958; H. nebraskensis for H. noctuae var. nebraskensis Coatney & Roudabush, 1937; H. rileyi for Hoemoproteus rileyi Malkani, 1936; H. sauianae for H. sd-vianae Tendeiro, 1947; H. asturisdussumieri for H. asturis-dussumieri de Mello, 1935 emend. de Mello, 1937; H. xantholemae for H. xantholaemi Zargar, 1945. Of the 133 named species, 114 occur in birds, 16 in reptiles and 3 in amphibia; 14 orders and 47 families of birds are represented. The generic names Halteridium LabbC, 1894, Haemocystidium Castellani & Willey, 1904 and Simondia Garnham, 1966 are considered synonyms of Haemoproteus.     

云南东南部发现竹茎兰及其植物地理学意义

对兰科竹茎兰（Tropidia nipponica）进行了形态学研究和生态生境调查。它分布于中国台湾和日本琉球群岛,而今发现于云南麻栗坡。作为在中国大陆的新记录种,对其植物地理意义进行了讨论。     

对苞萱草的核型研究

本文报道用光学显微镜观察对苞萱草Ｈｅｍｅｒｏｃａｌｉｓｆｕｌｖａ（Ｌ．）Ｌ．ｖａｒ．ｏｐ ｐｏｓｉｔｉｂｒａｃｔｅａｔａＨ．ＫｏｎｇｅｔＣ．Ｊ．Ｗａｎｇ,ｖａｒ．ｎｏｖ．的染色体,按全国第一次植物染色体学术讨论会建议的标准进行核型分析。研究结果表明,对苞萱草体细胞染色体数目２ｎ＝２２,核型公式ｋ（２ｎ）＝２２＝１２ｍ＋６ｓｍ＋４ｓｔ,属于Ｓｔｅｂｂｉｎｓ核型的２Ｂ型。甘肃萱草属植物的核型可分为两大类群,对苞萱草的核型属于第二类群。对苞萱草与萱草Ｈ．ｆｕｌｖａ（Ｌ．）Ｌ．的核型较接近,为新变种的确立提供了细胞学方面的依据。     

中国樟科木姜子属植物纪要*

描述一新种即沧源木姜子Litsea cangyuanensis J. Li et H. W. Li; 一中国新纪录种白叶木姜子L1albescens
( Hook. f. ) D. G. Long; 3 个新异名: 大叶木姜子L1 chunii Cheng var1longipedicellata Yang f1 latif olia Yang 归并到高
山木姜子L1 chunii Cheng, 狭叶桂北木姜子M1 subcoriacea Yang et P. H. Huang var. stenophylla Yang et P. H.
Huang 归并入桂北木姜子L1 subcoriacea Yang et P. H. Huang, 狭叶华南木姜子L1greenmaniana Allen var1 angustifolia
Yang et P. H. Huang 归入华南木姜子L1greenmaniana Allen; 思茅木姜子L1szemaois ( H. Liou) J. Li et H. W. Li
作为新等级提升为种; 并对秃净木姜子L1 kingii Hook. f. 与山鸡椒L1 cubeba ( Lour . ) Pers. 两者间的差异进
行澄清, 对台湾产的黄肉树应采用L1 hypophaea Hayata 和广西产的蜂窝木姜子应采用L1f oveola Kosterm. 进
行了讨论。一个新名称: L1 sinoglobosa J. Li et H. W. Li 替代同名的L1 globosa Yang et P. H. Huang 。     

福建卷柏属植物的物种多样性述评

卷柏属Selaginella Beauv.是一个在分类上较困难的类群,种类多,形态变化大。全世界有卷柏属植物750种以上,可以分为5个亚属。2002年10月我们对武夷山脉及周边地区的卷柏种类进行了调查,采集的标本存放于新加坡国立大学标本馆(SINU)和厦门大学标本馆(AU)。此外,我们还认真观察了来自福建师范大学标本馆(FNU)和AU的卷柏标本。结果表明,在福建,卷柏有18种1变种。其中,缘毛卷柏S. ciliaris、白毛卷柏S. albociliata和布朗卷柏S. braunii是福建分布的3个新记录。     

Brazilian Páramos IV. Phytogeography of the campos de altitude

Aim This contribution treats the phytogeography of the contemporary campos de altitude flora, with a focus on patterns at the level of genus. Comparative analysis using data from 17 other sites in Latin America is used to describe phytogeographical patterns at the continental scale. Results are combined with those of previous publications to shed light on the biogeographical origins of contemporary floristic patterns in the high mountains of south‐east Brazil. Location The campos de altitude are a series of cool‐humid, mountaintop grass‐ and shrublands found above elevations of 1800–2000 m in south‐east Brazil, within the biome of the Atlantic Forest. Methods Vascular floras are compiled for the three best‐known campos de altitude sites, and for 17 other highland and lowland locations in Latin America. Floras are binned into phytogeographical groups based on centres of diversity/origin. Floristic and geographical distances are calculated for all location‐pairs; Mantel tests are used to test for relationships between patterns in geographical distance, and floristic and climatic similarity. Multivariate statistics are carried out on the similarity matrices for all genera, and for each phytogeographical group. Predominant life‐forms, pollination and dispersal syndromes are determined for each genus in the campos de altitude flora, and proportional comparisons are made between phytogeographical groups. Supporting evidence from previously published literature is used to interpret analytical results. Results Two‐thirds of the genera in the campos de altitude are of tropical ancestry; the remainder are of temperate‐zone or cosmopolitan ancestry. Most campos de altitude genera are phanerophytes and hemicryptophytes, insect pollinated, and wind or gravity dispersed, but there are significant differences in the distribution of these traits among phytogeographical groups. The campos de altitude show stronger floristic similarities with other Brazilian mountain sites and distant Andean sites than with nearby low‐ and middle‐elevation sites; these similarities are best explained by climatic similarities. Floristic similarities among sites for temperate genera are better explained by ‘sinuous’ distance (e.g. measured along the spines of mountain ranges) than by direct distance; similarities in tropical genera are more related to direct distance. Different phytogeographical groups appear to be responding to different climatic signals. Main conclusions Many taxa currently living at the summits of the south‐east Brazilian Highlands trace their ancestry to temperate latitudes. Patterns of endemism and diversity in the south‐east Brazilian mountains point to climatically driven allopatry as a principal mechanism for speciation. The tropical component of the campos de altitude flora is primarily derived from drier, highland environments of the Brazilian interior; the temperate component rises in importance with elevation, but never reaches the levels seen in the tropical Andes. Most temperate taxa in the campos de altitude appear to have arrived via migration through favourable habitat rather than by recent, long‐distance dispersal. At least 11% of the plant species in the campos de altitude study sites are directly shared with the Andes. Palynofloras show that the campos de altitude have significantly contracted over the past 10,000 years, as regional temperatures have warmed and become more humid.     

薄鳞蕨属的分类研究

在野外考察和室内标本研究的基础上,对薄鳞蕨属（中国蕨科）的分类进行了研究。 将2种 (华西薄鳞蕨和察隅薄鳞蕨) 和2变种（大叶薄鳞蕨和宽叶薄鳞蕨）进行了归并处理, 承认该属有4种1变种。     

A taxonomic and nomenclatural note on Hieracium caesium (Asteraceae)

The only specimen suitable for typification of Hieracium caesium was discovered in UPS and is here designated as the lectotype. This name appears to have been misapplied and superfluous when originally published at specific rank, but is legitimate according to Art. 52.3. Correct names proposed for three species of the group Caesia (H. caesium = H. basifolium, H. laeticolor and H. plumbeum) are given with infraspecific variants and some more important synonyms. The names H. caesium subsp. laeticolor, H. imitans, H. caesium var. nemorum, H. plumbeum are also lectotypified. Two new combinations H. caesium var. basifolium and H. caesium var. imitans are proposed.     

中国豆科和樟科几种植物学名的订正

在编写《Flora of China》过程中,根据标本和文献的查阅,对国产豆科和樟科几种植物学名进行修订。本文记述5个新组合、4个新异名和一个恢复的种名。5个新组合是:垂果山蚂蝗Desmodium strigilosum var.pendenticarpum(C.Z.Gao Q.R.Lai) P.H.Huang,心叶山蚂蝗Desmodium flexuosum var.cordifoliolatum(P.C.Li) P.H.Huang,密毛长柄山蚂蝗Podocarpium densum(C.Chen et X.J.Cui)P.H.Huang,东北长柄山蚂蝗Podocarpium podocarpum var.mandshuricum(Maxim.) P.H.Huang和尖叶长柄山蚂蝗Podocarpium podocarpum var.japon-icum(Matsum.)P.H.Huang.4个新异名如下:李氏木姜子Litsea lii C.E.Chang及其变种能汉木姜子var.nunkao-tahangensis(Liao) Liao作为竹叶木姜子L.pseudoelongata Liou Ho的新异名,竹头角木姜子L.akosensis var.chitouchiaoensis Liao作为台湾木姜子L.hayatae Kanehira的新异名和密毛山蚂蝗Desmodium densum (C.Chen et X.J.Cui)H.Ohashi作为密毛长柄山蚂蝗Podocarpium densum (C.Chen et X.J.Cui)P.H.Huang的新异名。由于Litsea pedicellata一名被占用,恢复Litsea taiwaniana Kamikoti作为黄肉树合法的种名。