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1.
Makoto Okamoto 《Ichthyological Research》2011,58(2):101-108
A new epigonid fish, Epigonus mayeri, is described on the basis of two specimens (109.7–113.8 mm in standard length: SL) from off Angola, and Epigonus heracleus Parin and Abramov 1986 is redescribed on the basis of 12 additional specimens with type specimens from off eastern New Zealand.
These species belong to a subgroup of Epigonus, known as the “Epigonus robustus group,” which have a pungent opercular spine and VII-I, 9 dorsal-fin rays. The new species differs from other species of
the group by having a sharp-pointed mustache-like process, presence of a rib on the last abdominal vertebra, vertebrae 10 + 15,
tongue toothless, pyloric caeca 5, pectoral fin reaching to vertical line from anus (length 22.2–23.6% SL), orbital diameter
16.4–17.0% SL, head length 37.8–38.0% SL, and lower jaw length 16.7–17.0% SL. 相似文献
2.
The histological structure of the epidermis, nervous system, and musculature of the vestimentiferan worm Oasisia alvinae is examined. The differentiation of the integument of different regions of the body and the histological structure of the
pyriform glands and papillae with cuticular plaques are described. All the main elements of the nervous system lie in the
thickness of the epidermis. The brain structure is examined and an attempt is made to homologize parts of the vestimentiferan
brain with the polychaete brain. Part of the vestimentiferan brain above the intrabrain channel corresponds to the supraesophageal
ganglion of polychaetes, while part of the vestimentiferan brain under the channel corresponds to the subesophageal ganglion.
Two commissures are located in the brain region that corresponds to the supraesophageal ganglion. These commissures could
be related to the ventral and dorsal roots of the circumesophageal connectives of sedentary polychaetes. Bundles of fiber
occur, which presumably correspond to the circumesophageal connectives and the transverse commissure inside the subesophageal
ganglion. The musculature differentiation in the trunk region is a characteristic feature of O. alvinae, i.e., feather-like muscles that occur only in the anterior part of the trunk. 相似文献
3.
Ronald Fricke 《Ichthyological Research》2007,54(1):68-73
The clingfish Apletodon wirtzi sp. nov. is described on the basis of ten specimens and colour photos from Bombom Island, Principe Group, Sao Tome and Principe,
eastern central Atlantic Ocean. The species is very small, apparently not exceeding 16 mm total length; it is characterized
by having three pores in the mandibular canal, the head length 2.2–2.5 in standard length: SL, the head broad, head width
in males 3.6–4.0 (mean 3.8) in SL, the snout in males long, more or less pointed, conical, preorbital length in males 3.1–4.0
in head length, the occipital region with a large pinkish blotch behind each eye (in alcohol specimens), and the lower sides
of the body with a row of dark blotches, scattered with white spots in between. The new species is compared with other species
of the genus; a key to the males of the four known species of the eastern Atlantic genus Apletodon is presented.
Supplementary material to this paper is available in electronic format at 相似文献
4.
Kazunari Yano Masaki Miya Masahiro Aizawa Tetsuhisa Noichi 《Ichthyological Research》2007,54(4):388-398
A total of 148 specimens of Mitsukurina owstoni were examined for morphology, distribution, stomach contents, and reproductive condition. Sixty-nine males (81.7–208.5 cm
in total length, TL) and 56 females (92.8–196.1 cm TL) were collected with bottom gillnets along a steep slope of the Tokyo
Submarine Canyon (100–350 m depth) from May 1995 to October 1996. In addition, data were obtained from 23 specimens of M. owstoni collected from Sagami Bay, Suruga Bay, and the Enshu-nada Sea from 1972 to 2001. Japanese catch records already published
(from 1898) plus those in the present study were from the Pacific coast of Japan, from Choshi to the Kii Peninsula. The main
fishing season for M. owstoni by bottom gillnet fishing in the Tokyo Submarine Canyon was October to April, at depths of 200–245 m. No specimens examined
were sexually mature, including the largest male (208.5 cm TL) and female (196.1 cm TL) recorded. Of 110 stomachs from specimens
from the Tokyo Submarine Canyon, 32 (29.1%) were empty. The remainder variously included teleost fishes, squids, decapods,
isopods, digested food, and human refuse. Teleost fishes (Macrouridae sp. and Stomiidae spp.), an isopod (Cymothoidae), and
decapods (Pasiphaea sinensis and Sergia sp.) were the only identifiable prey, the indication being that teleosts (all size ranges) were of primary importance as
prey for M. owstoni. 相似文献
5.
Trichiurus nitens Garman, 1899 was reassessed on the basis of the syntype and non-type specimens, and considered to represent a valid species.
Although difficult to distinguish from T. lepturus Linnaeus, 1758 in most head and body proportions, T. nitens differs from the former in having lower number of dorsal fin rays (range 121–124 vs. range 132–135), caudal fin vertebrae
(116–120 vs. 128–134), total vertebrae (153–156 vs. 168–173), larger dermal eye opening (mean 18.8% vs. 16.1% of HL), shorter
upper jaw length (36.2% vs. 38.6% of HL), and shorter snout length (32.9% vs. 34.9% of HL). T. nitens is currently known only inhabit from the Northeast Pacific to Southeast Pacific (from California, Mexico, Panama to Peru).
The text was submitted by the authors in English. 相似文献
6.
John E. McCosker Kiyotaka Hatooka Nobuhiro Ohnishi Hiromatsu Endo 《Ichthyological Research》2011,58(3):272-277
Aphthalmichthys kuro, described by Kuroda (1947) based on a specimen from Suruga Bay, Japan, is referred to Callechelys (family Ophichthidae, subfamily Ophichthinae). It differs from its congeners in its vertebral number (142–146), tail length
(2.0–2.1 in TL), and coloration (brownish black). The holotype is lost; we herein designate a neotype and redescribe and illustrate
the species based on 5 specimens from Japan and 2 from Taiwan. 相似文献
7.
Embryonic, larval, and juvenile development of two cyprinid species belonging to the Zacco temminckii species' group, Z. temminckii (Temminck and Schlegel) and Zacco sp. (type A), are described and compared with each other from laboratory-reared and wild specimens. The eggs of both species
were closely similar except in diameter [1.92–2.20 mm in Z. temminckii vs. 1.60–1.75 mm in Z. sp. (type A)], being demersal, almost spherical in shape, transparent and unpigmented, with a pale yellow yolk, and no oil
globule. Hatching occurred 40–53 h after fertilization in Z. temminckii and after 47–60 h in Z. sp. (type A). The newly hatched larvae of both species [4.9–5.3 mm in body length (BL) in Z. temminckii and 3.5–4.8 mm BL in Z. sp. (type A)] also resembled each other, having a large transparent pear-shaped yolk and lacking body pigmentation. Myomere
counts of Z. temminckii and Z. sp. (type A) larvae and juveniles were 24–27 + 14–17 = 41–42 and 23–27 + 14–17 = 40–41, respectively. The yolk was completely
absorbed at 8.3 mm BL in Z. temminckii and at 6.6 mm BL in Z. sp. (type A). Notochord flexion was initiated and completed at 7.8 mm BL and 8.2 mm BL in Z. temminckii and at 6.3 mm BL and 6.6 mm BL in Z. sp. (type A), respectively. Aggregate numbers of all fin rays were completed at 17 mm BL in Z. temminckii and 13 mm BL in Z. sp. (type A). Although the morphology of larvae and juveniles of both species was very similar, differences in body length
of each developmental stage, the duration and process of disappearance of the adipose finfold, the anal fin ray counts, and
pigmentation on the lateral body surface were clearly recognized.
Received: August 10, 2001 / Revised: March 14, 2002 / Accepted: March 27, 2002 相似文献
8.
A new epigonid fish, Epigonus carbonarius, is described on the basis of four specimens (50.8–95.3 mm standard length) collected from off Nuku Hiva Island, Marquesas
Islands. This species belongs to the Epigonus oligolepis group, redefined in this study. It is distinguished from the three recognized species of the group by the following combination
of characters: a small number of total gill rakers (21–23) and pyloric caeca (6), presence of lingual teeth, and absence of
teeth from posterior part of vomer. A key to the species in the E. oligolepis group is provided. 相似文献
9.
A new emmelichthyid,Erythrocles microceps, is described from 15 specimens collected in Mimase Fish Market and Tosa Bay, Kochi Prefecture, Japan. It differs from its
most similar congener,E. acarina, in having a greater number of lateral line scales (70–72 vs. 62–67 inacarina), more elongate body (body depth 23.8–25.9% SL vs. 27–29% SL), and smaller head (head) length 26.8–28.4% SL vs. 34–36% SL). 相似文献
10.
A new epigonid fish, Epigonus cavaticus, is described on the basis of eight specimens (59.2–69.5 in standard length: SL) collected from a cave at depth 20 m, southern
fringing reef of Ngemelis Island, Palau. The species differs from other congeners by having minute teeth on both jaws, no
opercular spine, pyloric caeca 7–8, gill rakers 25–27, total pored lateral line scales 48–50, dorsal fin rays VII-I, 10–11
(mode VII-I, 10), pectoral fin rays 16, vertebrae 10 + 15, body depth 21.4–25.0% SL, pectoral fin length 22.7–24.6% SL, eye
diameter 44.4–47.5% head length: HL, upper jaw length 40.2–42.5% HL. Four paratypes (63.7–66.8 mm SL) of the new species are
female with mature gonads, it is the smallest in size at sexual maturity among the congeners. 相似文献
11.
A new acropomatid fish, Acropoma
argentistigma, is described on the basis of six specimens (59.0–107.5 mm in standard length) from the Andaman Sea, off southern Thailand
(Phuket Island). The new species is distinguished from all other congeners by the combination of the following characters:
a short U-shaped luminous gland, 16–18 gill rakers, anus situated about midway along depressed pelvic fin, proximal radial
of first anal fin pterygiophore with a trough, a single row of well-developed conical teeth on the lower jaw, and head length
40.0–41.1% of standard length.
Received: April 17, 2001 / Revised: April 15, 2002 / Accepted: May 7, 2002 相似文献
12.
Echinorhynchus hexagrammi Baeva, 1965 is redescribed on the basis of specimens collected from the saffron cod Eleginus gracilis (Tilesius) in Akkeshi Bay (western North Pacific) off Hokkaido, Japan. Eighteen museum specimens deposited as E. salmonis Müller, 1784 from Japanese coastal waters were also re-examined and re-identified as E. hexagrammi. Hexagrammos stelleri Tilesius, Hemitripterus villosus (Pallas), Podothecus sachi (Jordan & Snyder), Sebastes oblongus Günther and Verasper moseri Jordan & Gilbert are recognised as new hosts for E. hexagrammi. This acanthocephalan can be distinguished from three morphologically similar species, E. gadi Zoega in Müller, 1776, E. laurentianus Ronald, 1957 and E. salmonis, by the possession of the following characters: 12–16 (usually 14) rows of hook on the proboscis, a proboscis width of 170–240 μm
in males and 195–270 μm in females, a hook root length of 35–45 μm in males and 40–50 μm in females, and linearly or almost
linearly arranged cement glands in males. 相似文献
13.
Cabillus atripelvicus is described from three specimens, 26.1–40.6 mm in standard length, collected from depth 17–29 m in the Ogasawara Islands.
In addition, two small specimens taken by dredge in 50–55 m from Sagami Bay, Honshu, and one from Tachibana Bay, Kyushu, are
identified as this species but not designated as paratypes. Cabillus atripelvicus is distinguished from the four other described species of the genus by its high count of 18–20 pectoral rays, presence of
median predorsal scales, longer pectoral fins, and distinctive color pattern, including black pelvic fins. The range of C. lacertops Smith, 1959 is extended east to the Marshall Islands and that of C. tongarevae (Fowler, 1927) east to American Samoa. More species remain to be described in the genus.
Supplementary material to this paper is available in electronic format at 相似文献
14.
Embryonic and larval development of an Indian cyprinid fish, Barilius canarensis, is described from laboratory-reared specimens. The eggs, measuring 2.1–2.4 mm in diameter, were demersal, almost spherical
in shape, transparent and unpigmented, with a pale yellow yolk without oil globules. Hatching occurred 39–45 h after fertilization
at 26.8°–27.4°C. The newly hatched larvae, measuring 4.8–5.1 mm in body length (BL) with 22 + 17 = 39 myomeres, were characterized
by melanophores already deposited on the eyes. The eggs of B. canarensis resembled those of the related danionin species Candidia barbatus, Opsariichthys uncirostris uncirostris, Zacco platypus, Z. sieboldii, and Z. temminckii. Although the larvae of B. canarensis were also similar to those of the foregoing species in general morphology, they differed in having a straight notochord tip
and pigmentation on the eyes at hatching and the almost entire absence of melanophores on the ventral body surface from the
yolk sac to postflexion larval stages. Conversely, melanophores occurred on the anterior abdominal and pericardial cavities
from the preflexion to postflexion larval stages. 相似文献
15.
Channa panaw, a new channid fish from the Irrawaddy and Sittang River basins, Myanmar 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Prachya Musikasinthorn 《Ichthyological Research》1998,45(4):355-362
Channa panaw sp. nov. (Channidae) is described from 32 specimens collected from the Irrawaddy and Sittang River basins, Myanmar. It is
distinguishable from all known congeners by the combination of the following characters: 32–35 dorsal fin rays, 23–24 anal
fin rays, 17–20 pectoral fin rays, 39–41 lateral line scales, 39–41 total vertebrae, one large scale on each side of the lower
jaw (rarely 2 on one side), pelvic fin length always more than 50% of pectoral fin length, and 7–12 irregular black blotches
on the upper half of the body. 相似文献
16.
A new species of opisthoproctid, Dolichopteryx pseudolongipes, is described on the basis of three specimens (48.7–79.9 mm in standard length: SL) collected from the eastern Pacific Ocean.
This species is characterized by small tubular eyes (diameter 2.7–3.9% SL), presence of an adipose fin, anal fin base originating
under the dorsal fin base, relatively short predorsal (73.3–73.8% SL), prepelvic (64.3–67.9% SL), preanal (77.4–80.1% SL),
and preanus (71.5–75.7% SL) lengths; 31–33 (=9–10 + 22–24) gill rakers and 43–45 vertebrae. Although D. pseudolongipes had previously been confused with Dolichopteryx longipes, many differences between the species are apparent [e.g., adipose fin absent, anal fin base origin just behind dorsal fin
base, greater prepelvic length (70.3–72.7% SL), 25 gill rakers, and 46–47 vertebrae in D. longipes]. 相似文献
17.
Seasonal variations in the morphology of bloom-forming cyanobacteria in a eutrophic pond 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Seasonal variations in the cell volume, number of cells in a colony and trichome length of nine bloom-forming cyanobacteria
species were investigated in a small eutrophic pond from May to November 2005. The main genera of cyanobacteria were Microcystis and Anabaena, which formed a dense bloom from July to August. M. aeruginosa, M. viridis and M. wesenbergii were present throughout the study period. M. viridis dominated the Microcystis population (39.2–67.1% of total biovolume) during the pre-blooming period, but M. aeruginosa and M. wesenbergii dominated after July. M. aeruginosa was the dominant species from July to November, constituting 49.0–93.2% of the Microcystis population. Each Microcystis species could always be identified from the cell volume and the number of cells in a colony. The numbers of cells in colonies
of M. aeruginosa, M. viridis and M. wesenbergii were in the ranges 37–444, 28–143 and 50–264, respectively. The Anabaena population consisted of three species—A. crassa, A. flos-aquae and A. reniformis. A. crassa and A. flos-aquae were typically present at higher densities than A. reniformis. These species also showed distinctive cell volumes. The number of cells in colonies of A. crassa, A. flos-aquae and A. reniformis were in the ranges 19–178, 18–113 and 29–143, respectively. Planktothrix raciborskii and Raphidiopsis mediterranea appeared in August and Aphanizomenon flos-aquae increased from late October, although these species were less abundant. Cell volumes of Microcystis and Anabaena and trichome length of P. raciborskii were positively correlated with water temperature. Small colonies of Microcystis and Anabaena remained small during the bloom period. In contrast, the trichome length of P. raciborskii seemed to depend more strongly on growth conditions. 相似文献
18.
Phoronids, like other Lophophorata (Bryozoa and Brachiopoda) are filter feeders. The lophophore performs various functions,
the most important of which is the collection and sorting of food particles. The mechanism of sorting has been well studied
for many other groups of invertebrate, but until now it has remained obscure for phoronids. With the help of functional morphology
data we are proposing a possible scheme of sorting in phoronids on the example of Phoronopsis harmeri. The lower limit of the particle size is defined by the distance between laterofrontal cilia of tentacles and equals 1.2
μm. Larger particles are transferred by frontal cilia to the basis of the tentacles, where they pass into the lophophoral
groove. The distance between the epistome and the external row of tentacles regulates the upper limit of the particle size
that are suitable for food. Only particles whose size does not exceed 12 μm get into the lophophoral groove and further into
the mouth. Larger particles collect in the space above the epistome and are removed from the lophophore. The size of the food
particles that phoronids consume by filtration lies in a range 1.2–12 μm. These are bacteria and small phytoplankton organisms.
At the same time the significant individual mobility of the phoronid tentacles plays an important role in the expansion of
the pabular spectrum to large inactive zooplankton and phytoplankton organisms reaching a size of 50–100 μm. 相似文献
19.
A poorly known threadfin, Polynemus melanochir Valenciennes in Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1831, is redescribed (as P. melanochir melanochir) on the basis of a newly designated neotype and a large number of specimens. Polynemus melanopus Sauvage, 1881 and 3 species commonly regarded as valid, Galeoides microps Steindachner, 1869, P. borneensis Bleeker, 1857, and Trichidion hilleri Fowler, 1905, are all considered junior synonyms of P. m. melanochir. In addition, a new subspecies, P. melanochir dulcis, is described on the basis of 3 specimens. Polynemus m. dulcis differs from P. m. melanochir in having a greater snout length [7% of SL vs. mean 6% (range 5–6%) of SL in the latter] and shorter upper caudal-fin lobe
length [35% (34–35%) of SL vs. 39% (35–44%) of SL]. The former is currently known only from Tonle Sap Lake, Cambodia, whereas
the latter is known from the Mekong River (Cambodia and southern Vietnam) and Kalimantan (=Borneo; Malaysia and Indonesia).
Received: September 27, 2001 / Revised: December 20, 2001 / Accepted: December 29, 2001 相似文献
20.
This is the first report on the ascomycete Metschnikowia typographi from the adults and larvae of the great spruce bark beetle Dendroctonus micans in Turkey. In total, 910 of 1928 adults and 44 of 149 larvae investigated during the two years were infected by the pathogen.
In a fresh smear the asci of the pathogen measure 18.5 ± 2.05 μm (14.7–22.3) in length and 2.1 ± 0.4 μm in width (n = 35). The ascospores are about 2 μm shorter than asci, having an average length of 16.4 ± 1.5 μm (14.2–18.0). The total
infection rate of D. micans was 47.2 %. The prevalence of M. typographi infections differed between localities and years. Different infection rates of male and female beetles of D. micans were not recognized. 相似文献