Epicardial Ablation of Focal Atrial Tachycardia Arising From Left Atrial Appendage in Children

Focal left atrial tachycardia (FLAT) although a common cause of supraventricular tachycardia(SVT) among children, the one''s arising from left atrial appendage (LAA) present a unique challenge for successful ablation because of anatomical location. We present two children with FLAT arising from the epicardial LAA, successfully mapped and ablated through percutaneuous epicardial approach.     

导管射频消融治疗特发性室性心动过速的体会

目的探讨应用导管射频消融（ＲＦＣＡ）治疗特发性室性心动过速的疗效。方法经皮穿刺左右侧股静脉右侧股动脉（起源于左室时）,将多根６Ｆ或７Ｆ４极导管送至高位右房（ＨＲＡ）、房束（ＨＢＥ）、右室心尖（ＲＶＡ）、右室流出道（ＲＶＯＴ）或左室（ＬＶ）,作短阵快速和程序刺激心室诱发ＶＴ,同步记录１２导联及心腔内各部位电图。结果除１例不能坚持ＲＦＣＡ外,成功１１例（９１．７％）,另１例因疗效不满意改用导管心内膜直流电消融而获成功。结论术前诊断及靶点标测的准确性是ＲＦＣＡ治疗成功的关键。     

Successful Non-fluoroscopic Radiofrequency Ablation of Incessant Atrial Tachycardia in a High Risk Twin Pregnancy

We describe a patient presenting with incessant ectopic atrial tachycardia during a high risk twin pregnancy. Tachycardia was resistant to escalating doses of beta-blockade with digoxin. Because of increasing left ventricular dysfunction early in the third trimester, catheter ablation was performed successfully at 30 weeks gestation. Electro-anatomic mapping permitted the entire procedure to be conducted without the use of ionizing radiation. The pregnancy proceeded to successful delivery near term and after three years the patient remains recurrence free with normal left ventricular function, off all medication.     

Atrial Tachycardia Originating from the Cavo-Tricuspid Isthmus May Exhibit Narrow P Waves

An 83-year-old man underwent electrophysiological testing for focal atrial tachycardia (AT) exhibiting narrow P waves with negative deflections in the inferior leads. Catheter ablation at the cavo-tricuspid isthmus (CTI) successfully eliminated the AT. The propagation map during AT and pacing study from the successful ablation site demonstrated that the atrial activation throughout the CTI did not produce significant P wave deflections. Consequently, during AT, the left atrial activation time determined the P wave duration. This case demonstrates that AT originating from the CTI may exhibit narrow P waves which can be misinterpreted as AT originating from the inter-atrial septum.     

Idiopathic Ventricular Tachycardia Arising From the Right Ventricular Apex

We present a rare case of idiopathic ventricular tachycardia arising from the right ventricular apex. The electrocardiographic and electrophysiological characteristics of this tachycardia are discussed.     

Symptomatic Bradycardia Caused By Premature Atrial Contractions Originating From Right Atrial Appendage

Premature atrial contraction is a common form of supraventricular arrhythmias. In rare cases, severe symptoms other than palpitation may occur. In this report, we present a patient with symptomatic bradycardia which developed secondary to blocked premature atrial contractions and was successfully treated with radiofrequency ablation.     

Anatomic Guidance For Ablation: Atrial Flutter,Fibrillation, and Outflow Tract Ventricular Tachycardia

After initial documentation of excellent efficacy with radiofrequency ablation, this procedure is being performed increasingly in more complex situations and for more difficult arrhythmia. In these circumstances, an accurate knowledge of the anatomic basis for the ablation procedure will help maintain this efficacy and improve safety. In this review, we discuss the relevant anatomy for electrophysiology interventions for typical right atrial flutter, atrial fibrillation, and outflow tract ventricular tachycardia. In the pediatric population, maintaining safety is a greater challenge, and here again, knowing the neighboring and regional anatomy of the arrhythmogenic substrate for these arrhythmias may go a long way in preventing complications.     

Electrophysiological Features of Atrial Flutter in Cardiac Sarcoidosis: A Report of Two Cases

We report two cases of systemic sarcoidosis with atrial flutter as the clinical manifestation. In one patient, who had symptoms of shorter duration, the arrhythmia was no longer inducible after a course of glucocorticoid therapy. Electroanatomical mapping in the other case revealed patchy fibrosis of the left atrial myocardium and multiple macro-reentrant circuits. Sinus rhythm could be restored with ablation of these reentrant circuits. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the demonstration of atrial scarring in a patient with sarcoidosis using 3-D electroanatomical mapping. These two cases illustrate that the inflammation of atrial myocardium is the primary mechanism of atrial arrhythmias in patients with cardiac sarcoidosis.     

冷冻球囊消融术与射频导管消融术治疗阵发性心房颤动的疗效比较及术后1年复发的危险因素探讨

摘要 目的：对比冷冻球囊消融术（CBA）与射频导管消融术（RFCA）治疗阵发性心房颤动（AF）的疗效,并探讨术后1年复发的危险因素。方法：选择2019年2月～2021年2月期间我院收治的阵发性AF患者100例,根据手术方案的不同将患者分为A组（n=48,RFCA）和B组（n=52,CBA）。对比两组手术相关指标、并发症发生率和术后1年复发率情况。根据是否复发将所有患者分为复发组和无复发组,多因素Logistic回归分析术后1年复发的危险因素。结果：B组的手术时间、消融时间、X线曝光时间短于A组（P<0.05）。B组的并发症总发生率低于对照组（P<0.05）。两组复发率组间对比差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。单因素分析显示,阵发性AF患者术后1年复发与B型利钠肽（BNP）、年龄、白细胞计数（WBC）、体质量指数、肌酐（Cr）、合并高血压、超敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）、合并糖尿病、左心房内径（LAD）、合并冠心病、病程、尿酸、心电图f波类型有关（P<0.05）。多因素分析结果显示：病程偏长、尿酸偏高、LAD偏大、年龄偏大、hs-CRP偏高、心电图f波类型为细波、BNP偏高是阵发性AF患者术后1年复发的危险因素（P<0.05）。结论：CBA与RFCA治疗阵发性AF,均可获得较好的疗效,CBA在改善患者手术情况及安全性方面的效果较好。阵发性AF患者术后1年的复发率较高,病程、尿酸、LAD、年龄、hs-CRP、BNP、心电图f波类型均是其影响因素。     

小剂量米非司酮联合射频消融术治疗子宫肌瘤95例疗效观察

目的探讨小剂量米非司酮对子宫肌瘤的疗效。方法 190例患者随机分为试验组95例和对照组,分别使用米非司酮和射频消融术及单纯使用射频消融术进行治疗,术后随访,观察其疗效。结果所有患者均手术成功,术后均未出现阴道大出血、感染等并发症,均无复发。二组月经量减少、痛经、下腹酸痛坠胀、贫血纠正情况及子宫大小比较,差异有统计学意义。结论与单纯手术相比,米非司酮联合射频消融术治疗子宫肌瘤效果更好。     

An Alternative Way to Reach the Epicardial Focus of the Left Ventricular Tachycardia in a Patient with Non-ischemic Cardiomyopathy

We report a case of a 69-year-old male with non-ischemic cardiomyopathy, having drug- and antitachycardia pacing-refractory ventricular tachycardia resulted in multiple ICD shocks. The sustained and intractable ventricular arrhythmia was mapped and ablated with the aid of the three-dimensional electroanatomic mapping system, initially performed but unsuccessful from the endocardial site then performed successfully from the epicardial site via the coronary sinus.     

膝周神经射频热凝治疗顽固性膝骨关节炎疼痛的临床效果

目的:探讨膝周神经射频热凝治疗顽固性膝骨关节炎疼痛的疗效。方法:收集2013年1月至2014年1月,我院收治的顽固性膝骨关节炎疼痛患者62例,随机分为观察组与对照组,各31例。观察组予以膝周神经射频热凝联合关节腔内注射玻璃酸钠治疗,对照组单纯行关节腔内玻璃酸钠注射治疗,比较两组的临床疗效。结果:观察组治疗后VAS评分及OKS评分均显著低于对照组(P0.05);两组均未见明显并发症。结论:膝周神经射频热凝辅助治疗顽固性膝关节炎疼痛疗效显著,创伤较小,可促进关节功能的康复,值得推广应用。     

Measurement of Left Atrial Pressure is a Good Predictor of Freedom From Atrial Fibrillation

Background

It is suggested that an elevated left atrial pressure (LAP) promotes ectopic beats emanating in the pulmonary veins (PVs) and that LAP might be a marker for structural remodeling. This study aimed to identify if the quantification of LAP correlates with structural changes of the LA and may therefore be associated with outcomes following pulmonary vein isolation (PVI).

Methods

We analysed data from 120 patients, referred to PVI due to drug-refractory atrial fibrillation (AF) (age 63±8; 57% men). The maximum (mLAP) and mean LAP (meLAP) were measured after transseptal puncture.

Results and Conclusions

Within a mean follow-up of 303±95 days, 60% of the patients maintained in sinus rhythm after the initial procedure and 78% after repeated PVI. Performing univariate Cox-regression analysis, type of AF, LA-volume (LAV), mLAP and the meLAP were significant predictors of recurrence after PVI (p=0.03; p=0.001; p=0.01). In multivariate analysis mLAP>18mmHg, LAV>100 ml and the presence of persistent AF were significant predictors (p=0.001; p=0.019; p=0.017). The mLAP >18 mmHg was associated with a hazard ratio of 3.8. Analyzing receiver-operator characteristics, the area under the curve for mLAP was 0.75 (p<0.01). mLAP >18 mmHg predicts recurrence with a sensitivity of 77 % and specificity of 60 %. There was a linear correlation between the LAV from MDCT and mLAP (p = 0.01, R2 = 0.61). The mLAP measured invasively displays a significant predictor for AF recurrence after PVI. There is a good correlation between LAP and LAV and both factors may be useful to quantify LA remodeling.     

左室主动固定电极在心脏再同步化治疗中的临床应用

目的：探讨左室主动固定电极在心脏再同步化治疗（cardiac resynchronization therapy,CRT）中的作用并总结其临床经验。方法：收集2008年1月至2013年1月由梅州I市人民医院心内科植入CRT的患者,共56例（男34例,女22例）。根据植入冠状窦电极的不同,分为左室主动固定电极组（17例）和被动电极组（39例）,观察和比较两组的手术时间、透视时间和造影剂用量。结果：左室主动固定电极组的手术时间[（61±36）minvs（143＋61）min,P=0．035]和透视时间[（10±5）minvs（45＋11）min,P=0．042]均较被动电极组显著缩短,而造影剂用量[（36±20）mlvs（87±46）ml,P=0．041]也较被动电极组明显减少。结论：左室主动固定电极用于心脏再同步化治疗可明显缩短手术时间,降低造影剂用量,使患者和术者均获益。     

化疗联合冷循环射频消融术治疗原发性肝癌的效果分析

目的：探讨化疗联合冷循环射频消融术治疗原发性肝癌的疗效及安全性。方法：108例原发性肝癌患者随机分为两组,均给予灌注化疗,每4周进行一次灌注化疗,对照组（n=54）进行3次,治疗组（n=54）只进行一次。治疗组给予冷循环射频消融术。评价生活质量Kamofsky评分,治疗前后检查患者的血、尿、便常规,肝肾功能（包括天冬氨酸转氨酶、丙氨酸转氨酶（AVr）、白蛋白（ALB）、总胆红素、肌酐及尿素氮等指标）,甲胎蛋白（AFP）,T细胞亚群和加强肝脏CT扫描。随访1年,经CT确定肝癌复发。结果：治疗组Kamofsky评分有效率为59．26％,对照组Kamofsky评分有效率为37．03％,两组Kamofsky评分有效率相比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。两组治疗后症状变化相比较,除腹胀外其余各项指标差异均有统计学意义（P〈O．05）。治疗后两组相比较,ALT和AFP差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。治疗后两组T细胞亚群变化相比较,治疗组各项指标均变化显著（P〈0．05）。治疗后随访一年,治疗组复发率为22．22％;对照组复发率为53．70％。两组治疗一年后复发率相比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：化疗结合冷循环射频消融术治疗原发性肝癌疗效肯定,并发症及副作用小,复发率低。     

Assessment of the Correlation Between Two Defining Criteria for Bidirectional Isthmic Block in the Ablation of Typical Atrial Flutter

Background

A complete, bidirectional conduction block in the cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI) represents the end-point of the typical atrial flutter ablation. We investigated the correlation between two criteria for successful ablation, one based on the atrial bipolar electrogram morphology before and after complete CTI conduction block, compared to the standard criteria of differential pacing and reversal in the right atrial depolarization sequence during coronary sinus (CS) pacing.

Method

We conducted a retrospective study in 111 patients (81 males, average age 62±10 years) who underwent an atrial flutter ablation during September 2007 - July 2009 in the Cardiology - Rehabilitation Hospital, UMF Cluj-Napoca. We assessed the presence of a bidirectional block at the end of the procedure using the standard criteria. We then analyzed the morphology of the bipolar atrial electrograms adjacent to the ablation line, before and after CTI conduction block.

Results

A change from a qRs morphology to a rSr'' morphology when pacing from the coronary sinus and from a rsr'' morphology to a QRS morphology when pacing from the low-lateral right atrium was associated with a CTI conduction block. Sensitivity (Se), specificity(Sp), positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) were 96%, 89%, 99% and 67% respectively.

Conclusion

Our study suggests that the analysis of the atrial bipolar electrogram next to the ablation line before and after CTI ablation may be used as a reliable criterion to validate CTI conduction block due to its high sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value.     

低温等离子射频消融术治疗小儿阻塞性呼吸暂停综合征的临床疗效观察

目的:探究低温等离子射频消融术治疗小儿阻塞性呼吸暂停综合征的临床疗效。方法:收集2014年5月到2016年5月来我院就诊的小儿阻塞性呼吸暂停综合征患者72例,根据随机数字对照表分为对照组与试验组,各36例。对照组采用传统手术治疗切除患儿肥大的扁桃体及腺样体,试验组实施低温等离子射频消融术。比较两组患者临床疗效、行为状况及VAS评分。结果:治疗后,对照组的总有效率为91.67%;试验组的总有效率为94.45%,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后,两组患儿CBCL量表总评分均较治疗前明显降低(P0.05),抑郁、社交退缩、多动、违纪及攻击各项评分均明显降低(P0.05),但是试验组各项评分及总评分与对照组相比并无明显差异(P0.05);试验组手术后VAS评分明显低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:低温等离子射频消融术对小儿阻塞性呼吸暂停综合征患者有明显的治疗效果,且对患儿损伤较小。