FAM3B PANDER and FAM3C ILEI Represent a Distinct Class of Signaling Molecules with a Non-Cytokine-like Fold

1. Download : Download high-res image (246KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? Contrary to previous predictions FAM3B PANDER exhibits a new non-cytokine-like fold ? The new fold is also conserved in FAM3C ILEI and involved in cancer and tumor formation ? FAM3 is a new class of signaling molecules different from currently known cytokines     

Mutational tipping points for switching protein folds and functions

1. Download : Download high-res image (181KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? Switching between 3α and 4β+α folds can occur in multiple ways ? Single-residue mutations at diverse positions can induce fold switching ? Mutations lead to a near-complete shift in equilibrium between the two folds ? New function can be gained before the relevant fold is significantly populated     

Functional Insights from the Crystal Structure of the N-Terminal Domain of the Prototypical Toll Receptor

1. Download : Download high-res image (219KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? The N-terminal cap of Toll adopts a new fold ? It resembles a duplicated beta hairpin structure with three disulphide bonds ? Toll LRRNT cap is not critical for Spätzle binding ? The first 13 LRRs are sufficient for Spätzle binding     

DAD2 Is an α/β Hydrolase Likely to Be Involved in the Perception of the Plant Branching Hormone,Strigolactone

1. Download : Download high-res image (227KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? DAD2 gene, identified by transposon tagging, encodes an α/β hydrolase fold protein ? DAD2 acts in the shoot; mutants are insensitive to strigolactones ? DAD2 crystal structure shows an internal cavity capable of binding strigolactones ? DAD2 can hydrolyze the strigolactone GR24     

Recognition of Mono-ADP-Ribosylated ARTD10 Substrates by ARTD8 Macrodomains

1. Download : Download high-res image (216KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? ARTD8 macrodomains read ARTD10-dependent mono-ADP-ribosylation ? The structure of ARTD8 macrodomains reveals a conserved fold for ADP-ribose binding ? Distinct macrodomains read mono- and poly-ADP-ribosylation selectively ? ARTD8 macrodomains can be used to visualize mono-ADP-ribosylation in cells     

The Crystal Structures of the Eukaryotic Chaperonin CCT Reveal Its Functional Partitioning

1. Download : Download high-res image (377KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? CCT subunit types can be identified in crystallographic data, even at low resolutions ? Actin and tubulin both bind around CCT6 ? ATP hydrolysis and substrate binding are partitioned in the CCT particle     

Sculpting of DNA at Abasic Sites by DNA Glycosylase Homolog Mag2

1. Download : Download high-res image (141KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? Unflipped AP site stabilized by helix-hairpin-helix DNA glycosylase homolog Mag2 ? Nonenzymatic AP site recognition and DNA sculpting ? Sculpting of DNA conformation enhances substrate transfer between proteins     

POT1-TPP1 Regulates Telomeric Overhang Structural Dynamics

1. Download : Download high-res image (114KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? POT1 binds the telomere overhang sequentially one OB fold at a time ? POT1 binding exhibits 3′ to 5′ directionality ? POT1-TPP1N induces dynamic folding and unfolding of telomeric overhang ? POT1-TPP1N slides back and forth on the telomeric overhang     

piRNA-Triggered MIWI Ubiquitination and Removal by APC/C in Late Spermatogenesis

1. Download : Download high-res image (296KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? MIWI is a substrate of APC/C, and piRNA loading is essential for MIWI ubiquitination ? piRNA loading promotes MIWI binding to the APC/C substrate-binding subunit ? MIWI and piRNAs are coordinately eliminated in late spermatids ? Inhibition of MIWI destruction in late spermatids prevents sperm maturation     

The Architecture of EssB,an Integral Membrane Component of the Type VII Secretion System

1. Download : Download high-res image (131KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? EssB, a membrane-bound component of the type VII secretion system, forms a dimer ? The cytoplasmic segment EssB-N is remarkably similar to pseudokinases ? The extracellular C-terminal domain displays a helical fold ? PELDOR spectroscopy enabled construction of a model of the complete dimer     

Screening and in situ synthesis using crystals of a NAD kinase lead to a potent antistaphylococcal compound

1. Download : Download high-res image (230KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? Precise interaction mapping using substrate analogs and X-ray crystallography ? Amidation of 5′-amino-5′-deoxy-adenosine is promoted by crystallized LmNADK1 ? Structures guide fragment bridging to design a new antistaphylococcal compound     

Structural basis for substrate targeting and catalysis by fungal polysaccharide monooxygenases

1. Download : Download high-res image (185KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? 1.1/1.37 Å polysaccharide monooxygenases structures have active-site dioxygen species ? The structures reveal a large variance in substrate binding surfaces ? Proposed electron transport pathways in polysaccharide monooxygenases are conserved ? Polysaccharide monooxygenases and CBM₃₃ enzymes likely bind substrates differently     

Substrate recognition mechanism of atypical protein kinase Cs revealed by the structure of PKCι in complex with a substrate peptide from Par-3

1. Download : Download high-res image (151KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? The 3D structure of PKCι in complex with a peptide from Par-3 is determined ? PKCι does not need phosphorylation of Thr402 in its activation loop for its activity ? aPKCs do not need a priming kinase for their activations ? The PKCι/Par-3 structure reveals a unique substrate recognition patterns for aPKCs     

Structural Basis of Selective Ubiquitination of TRF1 by SCFFbx4

1. Download : Download high-res image (243KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? SCF ubiquitin ligase subunit Fbx4 binds TRF1 using an atypical small GTPase fold ? Fbx4 recognizes a globular domain of TRF1, not just short phosphorylated degrons ? Telomere shelterin component TIN2 competes with Fbx4 for TRF1 binding ? TIN2 and SCF^Fbx4 thus control TRF1 ubiquitination and degradation     

The Molecular Basis for Substrate Specificity of the Nuclear NIPP1:PP1 Holoenzyme

1. Download : Download high-res image (203KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? The first structure of a nuclear PP1 holoenzyme, NIPP1:PP1 ? The NIPP1 helix defines a unique interaction site on PP1 ? Identification of a common PP1-binding pocket, the ΦΦ motif-binding pocket ? Explains the mechanism of nuclear substrate selection by PP1     

Structural Characterization of a Mouse Ortholog of Human NEIL3 with a Marked Preference for Single-Stranded DNA

1. Download : Download high-res image (422KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? Neil3 is an Fpg/Nei DNA glycosylase of the base excision repair pathway ? Neil3 excises a broad spectrum of base lesions, with a marked preference for ssDNA ? We report a crystal structure of Neil3 DNA glycosylase ? The structure provides valuable insights into Neil3′s unusual substrate specificity     

Egg-Laying Substrate Selection for Optimal Camouflage by Quail

1. Download : Download high-res image (143KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? Maculation on eggs provides disruptive coloration ? Individuals vary in maculation but lay where camouflage is most effective ? For high maculation, birds lay on a substrate matching the maculation of the egg ? Where maculation is low, the birds adopt a background matching strategy     

Crystal structure of 12-lipoxygenase catalytic-domain-inhibitor complex identifies a substrate-binding channel for catalysis

1. Download : Download high-res image (228KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? The crystal structure of 12-lipoxygenase was solved at high resolution ? The position of an inhibitor identified the substrate binding/active site ? A channel providing access for oxygen to the active site was also discovered ? The structure accounts for virtually all features of catalysis and inhibition     

Regulation of the CRL4Cdt2 Ubiquitin Ligase and Cell-Cycle Exit by the SCFFbxo11 Ubiquitin Ligase

1. Download : Download high-res image (391KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? FBXO11 targets CDT2, a CRL4 substrate receptor, for proteasomal degradation ? CDK-mediated phosphorylation of CDT2 degron inhibits recognition by FBXO11 ? FBXO11-mediated degradation of CDT2 controls the timing of cell-cycle exit ? FBXO11-CDT2 functional interaction is evolutionary conserved from worms to humans     

Distinct States of Methionyl-tRNA Synthetase Indicate Inhibitor Binding by Conformational Selection

1. Download : Download high-res image (270KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? Complexes of MetRS from T. brucei with its substrate, intermediate, and inhibitors ? In crystals, substrate-bound MetRS undergoes extensive changes with inhibitor binding ? The inhibitor-bound conformation is surprisingly similar to the ligand-free state ? This indicates inhibitor binding occurs via conformational selection not by induced fit