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1.
Efficient in vitro regeneration systems for Vaccinium species 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Julia Meiners Melanie Schwab Iris Szankowski 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2007,89(2-3):169-176
Efficient protocols for shoot regeneration from leaf explants suitable for micropropagation as well as for the development
of transgenic plants were developed for blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) and lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea) cultivars. Nodal segments were used to initiate in vitro shoot cultures of lingonberry cultivar ‘Red Pearl’ and southern
highbush blueberry cultivar ‘Ozarkblue’. In order to develop an optimized regeneration procedure, different types and concentrations
of plant growth regulators were tested to induce adventitious shoot regeneration on excised leaves from micropropagated shoots
of both cultivars. The effect on percentage regeneration and number of shoots per explant was investigated. Results indicated
that zeatin was superior to TDZ and meta-topolin in promoting adventitious shoot formation. A concentration of 20 μM zeatin
was most effective in promoting shoot regeneration in both cultivars, in case of ‘Red Pearl’ along with 1 μM NAA. Shoots were
either allowed to root in vitro on medium containing IBA or NAA or ex vitro in a fog tunnel. IBA was superior to NAA for induction
of root development in vitro in both Vaccinium cultivars. Ex vitro rooting under high humidity was tested with cuttings from mature field-grown plants, from acclimatized
tissue culture derived plants and with unrooted in vitro proliferated shoots planted directly. It was found that in vitro
shoots rooted better under fog than cuttings from the other plant sources and rooting was equivalent to that achieved in vitro. 相似文献
2.
Dormant buds from a mature tree of Populus tremula ‘Erecta’ were incubated on a Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 1.0 μM thidiazuron (TDZ). Induced shoots were
then proliferated on medium of MS or Woody Plant Medium (WPM), or Driver and Kuniyuki Walnut (DKW) supplemented with varying
levels of benzyladenine (BA). Overall, shoots grown on MS medium supplemented with 1.25–2.5 μM BA exhibited the highest frequency
of shoot proliferation (>95%) and more than 60% of responding explants produced more than five shoots per explant. Shoot organogenesis
was induced from both leaf and petiole explants incubated on WPM medium containing BA, or TDZ, or zeatin. Among the different
cytokinins tested, zeatin induced the highest frequency (average 72.1%) of shoot organogenesis. None of explants survived
on media containing no cytokinins within 6–8 weeks following culture. Overall, a higher frequency of shoot regeneration was
obtained from petioles than from leaf explants. The highest frequency of regeneration was achieved when petioles were incubated
on WPM containing 10–20 μM zeatin. Addition of naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) did not have a significant effect on shoot regeneration
in all treatments. Shoot organogenesis was directly induced from petiole explants without intervening callus. Regenerated
shoots were easily rooted on all tested media supplemented with 0.5 μM NAA. Rooted plants were transferred to potting mix
and grown in the greenhouse. 相似文献
3.
J. Y. Choi H. J. Kim C. H. Lee J. M. Bae Y. S. Chung J. S. Shin N. I. Hyung 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2001,37(2):274-279
Summary An efficient and simple plant regeneration system via organogenesis from leaf segments of persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) cultivars ‘Fuyu’ and ‘Nishimurawase’ has been developed. The regeneration capacity was influenced by the culture
vessels, gelling agents, plant growth regulators, and light conditions. Leaf explants taken from in vitro shoots were cultured on a modified Murashige and Skoog medium (MS1/2N), for 16 wk without transfer to fresh medium. Adventious
shoots appeared after 4 and 8 wk in culture of ‘Nishimurawase’ and ‘Fuyu’ tissues, respectively. The culture of leaf explants
in Erlenmeyer flasks with medium containing 4 g l−1 agar enhanced shoot formation in comparison to media with increased agar concentrations. Optimal shoot regeneration was obtained
with 5 mg l−1 (22.8 μM) zeatin and 0.1 mg l−1 (0.05 μM) indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) for ‘Nishimurawase’, and 10 mg l−1 (45.6 μM) zeatin and 0.1 mg l−1 (0.05 μM) IBA for ‘Fuyn’. Shoot regeneration frequencies in both cultivars were 100%, and shoot numbers per explant reached up to
9.2 for ‘Nishimurawase’ and 2.2 for ‘Fuyu’. Dark incubation during the first 4–5 wk was the most effective condition to successfully
influence shoot regeneration in both cultivars. While dark incubation was essential for adventitious shoot formation by ‘Fuyu’,
it was only slightly beneficial to ‘Nishimurawase’. More than 80% of the regenerated shoots rooted within 4 wk on hormone-free
MS1/2N demium after having been dipped for 30 s in 250 mg l−1 (1.1. mM) IBA solution. 相似文献
4.
Ju Yeon Song Neil S. Mattson Byoung Ryong Jeong 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2011,107(2):295-304
Leaf, petal, petiole, and intermodal stems of six chrysanthemum cultivars were incubated on a medium supplemented with 0.00–6.66 μM
benzyladenine (BA) either alone or in combination with 2.85–8.56 μM indoleacetic acid (IAA), and 0.46 μM kinetin (Kin). Significant
differences in frequency of regeneration were observed among different cultivars when grown on media containing different
plant growth regulators (PGRs). The highest frequency of regeneration was observed for cv. Brighton followed by cvs. Dark
Roanoke and Tahoe. Low frequencies of shoot organogenesis were observed for cvs. Dark Orange Cupertino, Hudson Bay, and Ivory
Eugene. Among different explants, petals exhibited the highest frequencies of shoot organoenesis and mean number of shoots
per explant. Regenerated shoots of cv. Brighton transferred onto a medium containing 2.85–8.56 μM IAA developed highest frequency
of roots (100%) with a mean of 7.6 roots per shoot. Well-rooted shoots transferred to plastic pots containing a soil mix were
kept in a growth room for 1 week, and then moved to the greenhouse for further growth and development. 相似文献
5.
S. C. Debnath 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2009,45(2):122-128
An efficient system to regenerate shoots on excised leaves of greenhouse-grown wild lowbush blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.) was developed in vitro. The effect of thidiazuron (TDZ) on adventitious bud and shoot formation from apical, medial, and basal segments of the leaves
was tested. Leaf cultures produced multiple buds and shoots with or without an intermediary callus phase on 2.3–4.5 μM TDZ
within 6 wk of culture initiation. The greatest shoot regeneration came from young expanding basal leaf segments positioned
with the adaxial side touching the culture medium and maintained for 2 wk in darkness. Callus development and shoot regeneration
depended not only on the polarity of the explants but also on the genotype of the clone that supplied the explant material.
TDZ-initiated cultures were transferred to medium containing 2.3–4.6 μM zeatin and produced usable shoots after one additional
subculture. Elongated shoots were dipped in 39.4 mM indole-3-butyric acid powder and planted on a peat:perlite soilless medium
at a ratio of 3:2 (v/v), which yielded an 80–90% rooting efficiency. The plantlets were acclimatized and eventually established in the greenhouse
with 75–85% survival. 相似文献
6.
M. Arshad J. Silvestre G. Merlina C. Dumat E. Pinelli J. Kallerhoff 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2012,108(2):315-322
Shoot organogenesis from mature leaf tissues of two scented Pelargonium capitatum cultivars, ‘Attar of Roses’ and ‘Atomic Snowflake’, grown in the greenhouse, were optimized in the presence of thidiazuron
(TDZ). The protocol involved preculture of leaf sections on basal Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 10 μM
TDZ, 4.4 μM of 6-benzyladenine (BA) and 5.4 μM α-naphtaleneacetic acid (NAA) for a period of 2 weeks and followed by subculture
of explants to a fresh medium containing 4.4 μM BA and 5.4 μM NAA. Frequency of regeneration reached approximately 93% for
both cultivars, with the induction of more than 100 shoots per explant. Regenerated plantlets were rooted on half-strength
MS medium supplemented with 4.4 mM sucrose and 8.6 μM of Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). All regenerated shoots from both cultivars
developed roots when transferred to organic soil mix, acclimatized, and successfully transferred to greenhouse conditions.
When regenerated shoots were transferred to hydroponic conditions, frequency of survival was 76.2 and 61.9% for ‘Attar of
Roses’ and ‘Atomic Snowflake’, respectively. 相似文献
7.
Hypocotyl expiants from 22 cultivars ofCatharanthus roseus were cultured on various shoot-inducing media to assess their competence for adventitious shoot formation. The Murashige
and Skoog (MS) media had been supplemented with 14 μM zeatin and 2.5 μM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), 4.5 μM BA and 0.5 μM
α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), or 14 μM thidiazuron and 2.5 μM IBA. After eight weeks, the expiants from ‘Cooler Raspberry
Red’ showed the greatest frequency of adventitious shoot formation, followed by ‘Cooler Orchid’ and ‘Cooler Treated’. The
highest frequency (86.7%) for ‘Cooler Raspberry Red’ was attained on the medium enhanced with 14 μM zeatin and 2.5 μM NAA.
Excised adventitious shoots were then readily rooted on a half-strength MS basal medium. Afterward, the regenerated plantlets
were transferred to potting soil and grown to maturity in a greenhouse. 相似文献
8.
Wenhao Dai Yuanjie Su Cielo Castillo Olivier Beslot 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2011,104(2):257-262
Shoots were regenerated from in vitro leaf tissues of two genotypes of Viburnum dentatum, a popular shrub species for landscape use. Adventitious shoots were induced when leaf tissues were cultured on woody plant
medium (WPM) supplemented with either benzyladenine (BA) or thidiazuron (TDZ). Effects of cytokinin concentration, indole-3-butyric
acid (IBA), and dark treatment on shoot regeneration were investigated. Dark treatment for the first 4 weeks of leaf explants
cultured in the regeneration medium significantly increased the frequency of regeneration. The highest frequency of shoot
regeneration (70%) for ‘Synnesvedt’ was obtained when leaf tissues were cultured in the medium with 40 μM BA or 8 μM TDZ with
4 weeks dark treatment. The highest frequency of shoot regeneration (90%) for ‘MN34’ was found in the 4 μM TDZ medium with
4 weeks dark treatment. Addition of IBA significantly enhanced shoot regeneration. Ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) treatment
inhibited callus proliferation, particularly in the early stage of callus recovery; however, no significant difference in
shoot regeneration among different treatments was observed, indicating that the inhibitory effect of EMS was minimal after
calluses re-acquired their capacity to grow and regenerate in the regular medium. Regenerated shoots (>1.5 cm) were rooted
in the half-strength MS medium containing 5-10 μM IBA or naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). Rooted plants were transferred to
the potting medium and grown in the greenhouse. 相似文献
9.
Richard L. Bell Chinnathambi Srinivasan Delores Lomberk 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2009,45(6):708-714
The influence of the nutrient composition of plant tissue culture media on axillary shoot proliferation and their preconditioning
effect on subsequent adventitious shoot regeneration from pear leaves was investigated. The goal was to improve both micropropagation
and regeneration of ‘Bartlett’ and ‘Beurre Bosc’ pear cultivars. Driver–Kuniyuki walnut (DKW) and Quoirin and Lepoivre (QL)
nutrient media were found to be superior to Murashige and Skoog (MS) and Woody Plant Medium (WPM) for axillary shoot proliferation.
Shoots on WPM exhibited some chlorosis. Axillary shoot culture on DKW would be preferred to that on QL due to the production
of excessively short thin shoots on the latter medium. DKW also was superior to QL and MS for production of young expanding
leaves for use as explants in adventitious regeneration. Leaf explants derived from shoot proliferation cultures grown on
DKW or QL media produced more adventitious shoots than leaf explants from MS. 相似文献
10.
Luping Qu Jianjn Chen Richard J. Henny Yingfeng Huang Russell D. Caldwell Cynthia A. Robinson 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2002,38(3):268-271
Summary Regeneration of adventitious shoots of pothos (Epipremnum aureum Linden and Andre) ‘Jade’ was obtained using leaf and petiole explants preprated from shoot tips of 3-yr-old greenhouse-grown
plants. Explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with thidiazuron (TDZ), 6-(4-hydroxy-3-methy-trans-2-butenyl-amino)purine
(zeatin) or N-isopentenylaminopurine (2iP) individually with α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) in 18 combinations. Callus was initiated from
cut surface and along the midrib or major vein of leaf sections. Shoot regeneration from leaf and petoole explants occurred
in 30d on medium containing 1, 5 or 10μM TDZ with 0.5 or 1.0μM NAA except petioles on medium with 10 μM TDZ and 1.0 μM NAA where regeneration failed. More time (50d) was needed for shoot regeneration when explants were cultured on medium containing
either 2iP or zeatin with NAA. Regeneration frequencies were up to 20% and 50% for leaf and petiole explants, respectively.
Shoot numbers per responding explant attained 30 for leaf and petiole explants on medium containing TDZ but only one to four
on medium containing either 2iP or zeatin. These results indicate that TDZ is a more effective cytokinin for in vitro regeneration of pothos than either zeatin or 2iP.. Shoots elongated readily and rooted well on MS basal medium, without plant
growth regulators. Plantlets acclimatized rapidly and grew vigorously in the greenhouse after transfer to pots containing
a commerecial potting medium. 相似文献
11.
Houcheng Zhou Ming Li Xia Zhao Xiucai Fan Aiguang Guo 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2010,101(1):79-87
A complete protocol for adventitious shoot regeneration was developed from the leaves of peach rootstock ‘Nemaguard’(Prunus persica × P. davidiana) grown in vitro. Shoot explants were cultured in vitro in Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 3.55 μM 6-benzyladenine
and 7.38 μM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). Non-expanded leaves along with their petioles from 3-week-old in vitro-grown shoots
were used as explants. Regeneration percentage was influenced by plant growth regulators, basal medium, explant type, dark
period, and gelling agents. Optimal regeneration was observed with leaf explants wounded by transverse cuts twice along the
midrib and first incubated with abaxial surfaces facing upward in the dark for 3 weeks, and then transferred to the light
and cultured with the adaxial side in contact with regeneration medium, as seen on 1/2 MS, woody plant medium or Schenk and
Hildebrandt medium supplemented with 9.08 μM thidiazuron, 0.54 μM IBA and 0.25% agar. This produced the highest regeneration
percentage at 71.7% and a mean of 5.74 ± 3.24 shoots on 1/2 MS medium. Adventitious shoots were rooted (98.3–100%) and rooted
plantlets survived after acclimatization to the greenhouse. 相似文献
12.
The growth of black walnut shoot cultures was compared on media differing in nutrient formulation (MS, DKW, WPM, and 1/2X
DKW), cytokinin type (ZEA, BA, and TDZ), and cytokinin concentration. On WPM and 1/2X DKW media, hyperhydricity was observed
at frequencies of 60–100% compared with frequencies of 10–40% on the high-salt media (DKW and MS). All three cytokinins facilitated
shoot regeneration from nodal cuttings, but recurrent elongation was only observed for BA (5–12.5 μM) and ZEA (5–25 μM) with
mean shoot heights of 70–80 mm being possible after two culture periods (6–8 wk) for the fastest elongating lines. ZEA was
effective across all six shoot lines with mean shoot heights of at least 35 mm over two culture periods, but two of the shoot
lines were ‘nonresponsive’ to BA with mean shoot heights of <15 mm. In contrast, when shoot tip explants were used for culture
multiplication, ZEA was the least effective cytokinin with proliferation frequencies of only 30–40%. The proliferation frequencies
were twice as great (75–87%) for TDZ (0.05–0.1 μM), but most of the shoots regenerated were swollen or fasciated in morphology.
High rates of proliferation (61–88%) were also possible using BA (12.5–25 μM), but axillary shoots did not elongate well,
growing to heights of only 5–10 mm, on average, after 4–5 wk. Since the cytokinin types and concentrations required for high-frequency
(>50%) axillary proliferation had adverse effects on the morphology and growth potential of the shoots, multiplication strategies
based on the use of nodal cuttings are recommended. 相似文献
13.
Pretreatment in thidiazuron improves the in vitro shoot induction from leaves in Curculigo orchioides Gaertn., an endangered medicinal plant 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
T. Dennis Thomas 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》2007,29(5):455-461
Leaf regeneration via direct induction of adventitious shoots obtained from an endangered medicinal plant, Curculigo orchioides Gaertn. by pretreating with thidiazuron. C. orchioides is an endangered medicinal herb belonging to the family Hypoxidaceae. Direct inoculation of leaf pieces on MS medium supplemented
with various concentrations of BAP (2–8 μM) or TDZ (2–8 μM) alone or in combination with NAA (0.5 and 1.0 μM) produced low
shoot induction both in terms of % response and number of shoots per explant. Hence, leaf explants were pretreated with 15,
25 or 50 μM thidiazuron (TDZ), for 6, 24 or 48 h with the aim of improving shoot regeneration from cultured explants. After
pretreatment, explants were transferred to an agar solidified MS medium that was supplemented with BAP (4 μM), TDZ (6 μM),
BAP (4 μM) + NAA (1.0 μM), TDZ (6 μM) + NAA (0.5 μM). Control explants were incubated directly on the medium without any pretreatment.
The pretreatment of explants with 15 μM TDZ for 24 h significantly promoted the formation of adventitious shoots and the maximum
response was observed on MS medium supplemented with 6 μM TDZ. In this medium, 96 % cultures responded with an average number
of 16.2 adventitious shoots per explant. The percentage of leaf explants producing shoots and the average number of shoots
per explant were significantly improved when TDZ pretreated leaves were cultured onto MS medium supplemented with BAP or TDZ
alone or in combination with NAA. The rooted plantlets were successfully transplanted to soil with 90% success. The present
investigation indicated the stimulatory role of TDZ pretreatment in regulating shoot regeneration from leaf explants of C. orchioides. 相似文献
14.
Xiuli Shen Michael E. Kane Jianjun Chen 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2008,44(4):282-288
The capacity for indirect shoot organogenesis of leaf and root explants of four Dieffenbachia cultivars were examined on a modified Murashige and Skoog (MS; Physiol Plant 15:473–495, 1962) medium supplemented with different plant growth regulators in 112 combinations. Callus formation was only observed from
leaf explants on MS supplemented with 1–10 μM thidiazuron (TDZ) and 0.5–1.0 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) regardless
of cultivars. The combination of 5 μM TDZ and 1 μM 2,4-D resulted in the greatest callus formation frequency among the four
cultivars tested. Significant differences in callus and shoot formation from leaf explants were also observed among cultivars.
Cultivars Camouflage, Camille, Octopus, and Star Bright produced green nodular, brown nodular, yellow friable, and green compact
calli with corresponding maximum callus formation frequencies of 96%, 62%, 54%, and 52%, respectively. A maximum of 6.7 shoots/callus
was observed in cv. Camouflage, followed by cvs. Camille and Star Bright at 3.7 and 3.5, respectively. Calli of cv. Octopus
displayed no capacity for shoot organogenesis. Regardless of cultivar, callus formation was not observed on root explants.
Regenerated shoots were successfully acclimatized in a shaded greenhouse condition with 100% survival. 相似文献
15.
Summary An improved protocol for shoot regeneration from hypocotyl segments of seedlings from open-pollinated seeds of lingonberry
(Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.) cultivars, ‘Ida’, ‘Splendor’, and ‘Erntesegen’, and a native clone from Newfoundland was developed. The effect of thidiazuron
(TDZ) on adventitious bud and shoot formation from apical, central, and basal segments of the hypocotyl was tested. Highly
regenerative callus was obtained from hypocotyl segments on modified Murashige and Skoog (MMS) medium containing 5–10 μM TDZ. A maximum of 10 buds and 12 shoots per apical segment for seedlings of cultivar ‘Ida’ regenerated on MMS containing
10 μM TDZ. Callus and bud regeneration frequency, callus growth, and number of buds and shoots per regenerating explant depended
not only on the specific segment of the hypocotyl, but also on parental genotype. Inhibition of shoot elongation by TDZ was
overcome by transferring shoot cultures to a shoot proliferation medium containing 1–2 μM zeatin. The optimal concentration of sucrose for shoot elongation was 20 gl−1. Shoots were rooted ex vitro on a 2 peat: 1 perlite (v/v) medium after dipping in 0.8% indole-3-butyric acid, and rooted plants acclimatized readily under
greenhouse conditions. 相似文献
16.
Ben Jouira H. Hassairi A. Bigot C. Dorion N. 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》1998,53(2):153-160
The regenerative ability of small strips of stem of the Dutch elm hybrid ‘Commelin’ was tested as well as its sensitivity
to neomycins. Cambium explants (1 mm thick), were excised from woody stems collected in the field. Up to 20 buds/explant were
induced within 2–3 weeks giving 2–5 rootable shoots/explant after 5–6 weeks. Shoot excision every week from week three improved
the yield up to 7 shoots per explant. Fourteen and 2.9 μM GA3 promoted shoot growth. Cytokinins (1 μM zeatin or 5 μM BA or
0.05 μM TDZ) completely inhibited shoot production and promoted callus formation. Kanamycin and paromomycin at between 240
and 360 μM inhibited shoot formation as did geneticin at 80 μM. The shoot-forming ability of the explants was high from leaf
fall in the autumn to the spring flush, but could be maintained up to September by using cold storage (5–7 °C). Ninety-six
percent of the shoots rooted with 0.5 μM IBA and were successfully acclimatized despite having a large basal callus.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
17.
Camelina sativa was successfully established in vitro and systems for the regeneration of shoots from leaf explants developed.
Methods for the surface-sterilisation of seeds were used which gave 95% germination, though the in vitro grown seedlings failed
to develop beyond 28 days culture. In a micropropagation system, the rooting response of nodal explants was increased from
a control level of 26.4% to 46.7% by the addition of 5.4 μM NAA. Leaf explants were more efficient for the regeneration of
root and shoots than hypocotyls. For regeneration from leaf tissue the use of auxin (NAA) alone in the medium above a level
of 0.54 μM resulted in root or callus growth. Cytokinin, in the form of BA alone failed to induce regeneration, but a combination
of 4.44 μM BA and 0.54 μM NAA induced shoot regeneration at rates over 10.0 shoots per explant. Regenerated shoots were successfully
transplanted to soil and flowered and set seed normally.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
18.
Diwakar Aggarwal Anil Kumar M. Sudhakara Reddy 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2010,102(1):45-52
An efficient shoot organogenesis system has been developed from mature plants of selected elite clones of Eucalyptus tereticornis Sm. Cultures were established using nodal explants taken from freshly coppice shoots cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium
containing 58 mM sucrose, 0.7% (w/v) agar (MS medium) and supplemented with 2.5 μM benzyladenine (BA) and 0.5 μM α-naphthaleneacetic
acid (NAA). Shoot organogenesis was achieved from leaf segments taken from elongated microshoots on MS medium supplemented
with 5.0 μM BA and 1.0 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). The addition of cefotaxime to the medium promoted shoot
differentiation, whereas carbenicillin and cephalexin inhibited shoot differentiation. Maximum shoot bud organogenesis (44.6%)
occurred in explants cultured on MS medium supplemented with 5.0 μM BA, 1.0 μM 2,4-D and 500 mg/l cefotaxime. Leaf maturity
influenced shoot regeneration, with maximum shoot organogeneisis (40.5%) occurring when the source of explants was the fifth
leaf (14–16 days old) from the top of microshoot. Shoot organogenic potential also varied amongst the different clones of
E. tereticornis. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) analyses indicated clonal uniformity of
the newly formed shoots/plants, and these were also found to be true-to-type. 相似文献
19.
Monica Santa-Maria Kenneth V. Pecota Craig G. Yencho George Allen Bryon Sosinski 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2009,97(1):109-117
Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L.) is an important crop in North Carolina with annual production of 0.33 million tons, accounting for 37% of total US supply
(USDA, Louisiana Farm Reporter 8(12), August 2008). To target industrial use, novel high-starch industrial-type varieties that contain more than 30% dry matter were developed
by conventional breeding methods. In vitro cultures from selected genotypes were established using meristem culture. To establish
regeneration procedures that could be coupled with transformation experiments, conditions for the induction of rapid shoot-organogenesis
in leaf explants were compared using varying concentrations of the auxins ‘NAA’, ‘IAA’, ‘2,4-D’, and ‘4-FA’ either alone or
in combination with zeatin riboside. Regeneration efficiencies, defined as the number of explants developing shoots out of
the total number tested, were as high as 57% for the best genotypes, with a significant genotype-dependent response observed
in all the hormone regimes evaluated. In all treatments, shoot regeneration was observed within 2 months. Our results led
to the establishment of optimized in vitro regeneration procedures for the novel high-starch sweetpotato (SP) genotypes ‘DM01-158’,
‘FTA94’, ‘FT489’, and ‘PDM P4’ that are rapid and reliable. 相似文献
20.
The aim of the study was to obtain an efficient system for Carlina acaulis subsp. simplex propagation. The experimental materials were shoot tips, fragments of hipocotyls, cotyledons and roots isolated from 10-day-old
seedlings. The explants were transferred to the proliferation medium supplemented with different types of cytokinin: BA (13.3 μM),
kinetin (13.9 μM) and zeatin (13.7 μM) in combination with NAA (0.54 μM). The best morphogenetic response was observed when
explants were cultured on the BA supplemented medium. The maximum shoot organogenesis frequency was observed for shoot tip
(nearly 94%). On average 8.6 axillary shoots were induced per explant. Multiplication rate increased during the first three
subcultures. The shoots revealed a wide range of morphogenetic responses. Differences were observed in the presence or absence
of hair on the surface of lamina. These changes had epigenetic character and were the effect of changes in DNA methylation,
which is shown by differences in methylation pattern between 18S rRNA and 25S rRNA genes in the analyzed regenerated plants.
Nearly 94% of plantlets were rooted on auxin lacking medium. Addition of auxin (NAA or IAA) increased both the rooting percentage
(100%) and the number of roots per shoot, but their growth was inhibited. Shortening of the auxin exposition time reduced
the number of roots. Moreover, high efficiency (90%) was observed for ex vitro rooting. Plantlets with a large number of roots
survived better than the ones with only a few roots. Plants were able to flower and gave viable seeds. 相似文献