精胺对高糖引起的大鼠心肌纤维化的影响及其机制

目的: 观察精胺对糖尿病心肌病(DCM)及高糖处理的心肌成纤维细胞(CFs)的保护作用并探讨其机制。方法: ①动物实验:24 只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为正常组(Control),糖尿病组(T1D)和精胺组(T1D+Sp),每组8只。采用一次性腹腔注射链脲佐菌素(STZ,60 mg/kg)复制 1 型糖尿病大鼠模型,精胺组在 STZ 注射前两周每天腹腔注射精胺(Sp,5 mg/(kg·d)),随后隔天注射,饲养至 12 周。检测各组大鼠血糖、胰岛素水平、射血分数(EF)和缩短分数(FS),并对大鼠心脏组织进行 Masson 染色和 Sirius red 染色。②细胞实验:出生1～3 d的大鼠心脏提取原代 CFs,随机分为正常组(Control),高糖组(HG)和精胺组(HG+Sp,每组 n=6)。高糖(HG,40 mmol/L)处理 CFs 复制细胞模型,精胺组在高糖处理前给予Sp(5 μmol/L)预处理30 min。CCK8检测细胞活性,ELISA法检测培养基中胶原含量,Western blot 测定细胞周期相关蛋白(PCNA、CyclinD1 及 P27)的表达。结果: 与 Control 组相比,T1D 大鼠血糖显著上升,胰岛素水平和心脏功能降低;染色结果显示心肌胶原含量增加。同时,HG 组细胞活力与培养基中胶原含量明显增加,PCNA、CyclinD1 表达上调,而 P27 表达下调。精胺能减轻上述变化,表现为改善心脏功能,调节细胞周期蛋白表达和减轻心肌纤维化水平。结论: 精胺可减轻糖尿病心肌病心肌纤维化的发生,其机制可能与调节细胞周期有关。     

CaSR表达在大鼠糖尿病性肝硬化损伤和纤维化发生中的作用

目的:观察钙敏感受体(CaSR)在糖尿病性肝损伤发生中的作用。方法:本实验分别制备糖尿病大鼠和高糖处理HSC系大鼠肝星形细胞模型。40只Wistar大鼠随机分为正常对照组(Control,n=10),糖尿病组(T1D,STZ 60 mg/kg 一次性腹腔注射,n=30),造模成功后分别在2、4、8周检测大鼠的体重、血糖、血清中谷草转氨酶(AST)和谷丙转氨酶(ALT)活性,观察形态学和超微结构改变,以及Western blot检测CaSR和肝纤维化相关指标表达的变化。HSC系大鼠肝星形细胞随机分为正常对照组(Control,10% FBS-DMEM + 5.6 mmol/L葡萄糖),高糖组(HG,10% FBS-DMEM + 40 mmol/L葡萄糖下培养48 h)和CaSR抑制剂组(HG+Calhex₂₃₁,10% FBS-DMEM + 40 mmol/L葡萄糖 + 2.5μmol/L CaSR抑制剂(Calhex₂₃₁)下培养48 h,每组n=5)。结果:动物模型中,与正常组相比,糖尿病大鼠体重减轻,血糖、AST和ALT显著升高,CaSR和胶原Ⅰ(COⅠ)、胶原Ⅲ(COⅢ)、基质金属蛋白酶1(MMP1)、基质金属蛋白酶2(MMP2)、基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP9)蛋白表达上调;细胞模型结果与大体基本一致,与正常组相比,高糖组细胞分化标志性蛋白α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)表达增加,表明HSC分化成肌成纤维细胞,细胞外间质(ECM)主要成分COⅠ和COⅢ表达增加,降解ECM的关键酶MMP9同样增加,Calhex₂₃₁可减轻上述变化。结论:CaSR表达上调参与大鼠糖尿病性肝损伤和纤维化的发生。     

外源性精胺对糖尿病肾病小鼠肾纤维化的影响及其机制

目的: 观察外源性精胺对糖尿病肾病(DN)肾纤维化的保护作用,并探讨其机制。方法: 24 只雄性 C57 小鼠随机分为正常组(Control)、糖尿病组(T1D)和精胺预处理组(T1D+Sp,每组 n=8)。一次性注射 STZ(60 mg/kg)复制 1 型糖尿病小鼠模型,精胺预处理组在 STZ 注射前两周每天腹腔注射精胺(Sp,5 mg/(kg·d)),随后隔天注射精胺,第 12 周处死小鼠,检测血清肌酐、尿素氮判断肾功能变化,HE、PAS 和 Masson 染色观察肾组织损伤和纤维化水平。Western blot 法检测小鼠肾组织中基质金属蛋白酶(MMP-2、MMP-9)、IV型胶原(Coll-IV)蛋白的表达。结果: 与 Control 相比,T1D 组血糖(5.67±0.22 vs 28.40±0.57 mmol/L)、肌酐(14.33±1.22 vs 30.67±4.73 μmol/L)、尿素氮(6.93±4.94 vs 22.00±1.04 mmol/L)明显升高(P＜0.05),肾组织基底膜增厚,胶原含量明显增加,MMP-2、MMP-9 和 Coll-IV 蛋白表达均升高(分别为 0.57±0.07 vs 1.06±0.20、47.00±0.04 vs 1.29±0.09和0.42±0.16 vs 0.95±0.18,P＜0.05),精胺预处理明显减轻上述变化。结论: 外源性精胺预处理通过调节 MMPs 与胶原的平衡减轻 DN 小鼠的肾纤维化。     

全身稳恒磁场暴露对糖尿病动脉粥样硬化大鼠血浆和主动脉中重要细胞因子表达的调控作用

目的:探讨中等强度(4.0m T)的全身性稳恒磁场暴露对于糖尿病动脉粥样硬化大鼠血浆和主动脉中的重要细胞因子表达的调控作用。方法:将30只12周龄的雄性SD大鼠随机等分至空白对照组(Control)、糖尿病组(DM)及糖尿病磁场刺激组(DM+SMF),每组10只大鼠。DM组和DM+SMF组的大鼠采用链脲佐菌素STZ+维生素D3+高脂饮食协同作用法建立糖尿病性动脉粥样硬化模型,DM+SMF组的大鼠接受强度4.0m T全身稳恒磁场暴露,每天刺激2小时,连续刺激8周。Control组大鼠不施加任何药物或磁场干预,作为空白对照。8周后,处死全部大鼠,提取血液样本,检测血脂四项(血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇以及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇),并使用ELISA法检测血清血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)及白细胞介素6(IL-8)水平。使用PCR法检测主动脉中VEGF、TNF-α、IL-1、IL-6、半胱氨酸的天冬氨酸蛋白水解酶1(Caspase 1)以及NOD样受体蛋白3炎症小体(NLRP3)的m RNA表达。结果:DM+SMF大鼠血清总胆固醇、血清甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白和高密度脂蛋白含量显著低于DM组(P0.05),血清VEGF、TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6及IL-8蛋白表达及其在主动脉组织中m RNA表达、主动脉组织中Caspase 1和NLRP3m RNA表达均显著减少(P0.05)。结论:中等强度(4 m T)的稳恒磁场刺激对糖尿病性动脉粥样硬化发生和发展的对抗作用可能与其对重要细胞因子(如VEGF、TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8、Caspase 1及NLRP3)的表达调控作用相关。     

组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂对大鼠应激性心肌损伤的保护作用

目的:观察组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂在应激性心肌损伤发生过程中的作用。方法:健康雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为3组(n=6),用束缚应激方法建立慢性应激性心肌损伤模型,采用组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂曲古抑菌素A(TSA)干预,观察TSA对应激性心肌损伤的保护作用。Western blot检测实验各组大鼠心肌的组蛋白乙酰化水平,采用分光光度法动态监测大鼠血清乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)和肌酸激酶同工酶-MB(CK-MB)活性以及心肌组织Caspase 3活性,Nagar Olsen染色观察心肌的早期损伤。结果:束缚应激可以显著降低大鼠心肌的组蛋白乙酰化水平(P0.05),而TSA干预可以抑制应激所致的心肌组蛋白乙酰化水平降低(P0.05);束缚应激可以引起大鼠血清LDH和CK-MB活性、心肌组织Caspase 3活性显著升高(P0.05),发生心肌早期损伤,而TSA干预可显著降低束缚应激引起的LDH(P0.05)、CK-MB活性(P0.05)、Caspase 3活性升高(P0.05)。结论:组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂TSA对应激性心肌损伤具有一定的保护作用。     

硫化氢对大鼠糖尿病心肌病氧化应激及内质网应激的影响

目的:观察外源性给予硫化氢(H2S)供体硫氢化钠(Na HS)对大鼠糖尿病心肌病氧化应激作用以及内质网应激相关因子表达的影响。方法:将30只雄性SD大鼠随机分为对照组、糖尿病组和治疗组(n=10)。采用腹腔注射链脲佐菌素的方法制备大鼠糖尿病模型,治疗组采用腹腔注射给予Na HS干预治疗。12周后,利用离体心脏灌流装置测定心室动力学指标;透射电镜观察心肌细胞超微结构变化;测定心肌组织脂质过氧化物丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)的活性;RT-PCR检测C/EBP同源蛋白(CHOP)、葡萄糖调节蛋白78(GRP78)和半胱天冬蛋白酶12(Caspase 12)基因表达。结果:与对照组比较,糖尿病组心功能明显降低、心肌超微结构损伤明显,心肌组织MDA含量增加、SOD和GSH-Px的活性明显降低,CHOP、GRP78和Caspase 12 mRNA表达明显增加。与糖尿病组比较,治疗组心功能和心肌超微结构损伤明显改善,心肌组织MDA含量下降,SOD和GSH-Px的活性明显升高,CHOP、GRP78和Caspase 12 mRNA表达明显下降。结论:外源性补充H2S对糖尿病大鼠心肌病具有保护作用,机制可能与减轻氧化应激损伤和抑制内质网应激引发的凋亡作用有关。     

糖尿病合并冠心病ZDF大鼠模型的构建

目的构建Ⅱ型糖尿病合并冠心病的大鼠模型。方法采用高脂饲料喂养结合连续注射盐酸异丙肾上腺素(ISO)制备Ⅱ型糖尿病合并冠心病的Zucker糖尿病肥胖大鼠(Zucker diabetic fatty,ZDF)模型。通过血清肌酸激酶(CK)、血清肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、心电图ST波及心脏组织形态评价模型。结果非DM模型组和DM-CHD组随给药次数增多CK表达逐渐升高,CK-MB表达先升高后下降,说明大鼠心肌损伤已形成。模型大鼠心电图II导联ST段的偏移表明心肌损伤已经形成。注射模型组大鼠心肌病理切片结果显示空白对照组大鼠心肌细胞正常,ZDF大鼠在被连续注射5 d ISO后心肌坏死面积达到心肌截面的1/2,10 d后心肌坏死面积达到心肌截面的3/4。结论 CK、CK-MB含量变化、心电图ST波变化和心肌病理切片显示造模已成功。ISO能造成一定程度的心肌损伤,可采用连续注射ISO进行冠心病模型的构建。本文建立了一种简便的采用高脂饲料喂养结合连续注射ISO的糖尿病合并冠心病大鼠模型的构建方法。     

甘草酸对糖尿病大鼠心肌细胞凋亡和炎症反应的影响

目的:探讨甘草酸对糖尿病大鼠心肌细胞凋亡和炎症反应的影响。方法:雄性Wistar大鼠30只,随机分为3组:对照(Control)组、糖尿病(DM)组和甘草酸(Gly)组。以高脂高糖饮食及腹腔注射链尿佐菌素30 mg/kg建立糖尿病模型。模型建立后10周,Gly组每日予甘草酸200 mg/kg灌胃,DM和Control组用等量生理盐水灌胃。结果:与Control组比较,DM组大鼠体重下降,血糖、甘油三酯、总胆固醇及血浆心肌酶水平升高,心肌细胞凋亡增加,心肌Bax、IL-1β、TNF-α、p-NF-κB、HMGB1增高而Bcl-2下降(P0.05);与DM组比较,Gly组大鼠体重增加,血糖、甘油三酯和总胆固醇及血浆心肌酶水平下降,心肌细胞凋亡减少,心肌Bax、IL-1β、TNF-α、p-NF-κB、HMGB1下降而Bcl-2升高(P0.05)。结论:甘草酸治疗可减轻糖尿病大鼠心肌细胞凋亡及炎症反应。     

外源性精胺对缺氧诱导乳鼠心肌细胞凋亡的影响及其机制

目的：观察外源性精胺对缺氧所致的乳鼠心肌细胞凋亡的影响,并探讨其机制。方法：复制原代培养乳鼠心肌细胞缺氧损伤模型（使用pH=6.8的Hank's平衡盐溶液作为细胞培养基,排出氧气,然后在缺氧箱中培养24 h）,细胞随机分为正常对照（Control）组、缺氧（Hypoxia）组和精胺干预（Hypoxia+Sp）组。Western blot检测心肌细胞多胺代谢关键酶（ODC、SSAT）蛋白质表达;CCK-8,Hoechst 33342染色观察细胞凋亡情况;光吸收法检测细胞（或培养液）内T-SOD和Caspase-3/-9活性,MDA、GSH含量;DCFH-DA染色观察细胞内活性氧（ROS）生成。结果：与正常组相比,Hypoxia组SSAT蛋白质表达、细胞凋亡率、MDA含量以及细胞内ROS生成增加,而ODC蛋白质表达、SOD活性、GSH含量降低;与Hypoxia组比较,Sp处理可减轻上述指标的变化。结论：外源性精胺可减轻缺氧引起的乳鼠心肌细胞损伤和凋亡,其机制与恢复多胺稳态和清除活性氧有关。     

黄酒多酚对糖尿病心肌病大鼠心肌细胞凋亡的影响

目的:探究黄酒多酚对糖尿病心肌病大鼠心肌细胞凋亡的影响。方法:将30只雄性SD大鼠随机分为空白对照组(Control组)、糖尿病心肌病组(DCM组)、糖尿病心肌病+黄酒多酚组(DCM+YWP组)(n=10)。采用单次腹腔注射65 mg/kg链脲佐菌素(STZ)构建糖尿病心肌病大鼠模型,对照组采用相同剂量的枸橼酸缓冲液进行单次腹腔注射,DCM+YWP组建模后用18 mg/kg黄酒多酚灌胃。12周后观察大鼠一般情况,用多普勒心超评价心脏结构和功能,用电镜观察心肌组织超微结构,用ELISA法检测心肌组织炎症指标,用氧化应激指标检测试剂盒检测心肌组织氧化应激水平,用Westen blot检测心肌组织凋亡相关蛋白Bax、Bcl-2和Caspase-3(cleaved)的表达水平。结果:与DCM组相比,DCM+YWP组大鼠血糖水平及体重未出现明显变化;心脏超声显示左室舒张末期直径,左室收缩末期直径降低(P0.05),而左室缩短率、左心室射血分数、E/A比值以及Ea/Aa比值均升高(P0.05);心肌组织肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白介素1β(IL-1β)以及白介素6(IL-6)水平下降(P0.05);心肌组织氧化应激指标丙二醛(MDA)水平下降、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)以及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)水平上升(P0.05);心肌组织Bax、Caspase-3(cleaved)蛋白的表达水平降低(P0.05),Bcl-2蛋白的表达水平升高(P0.05)。结论:黄酒多酚能改善糖尿病心肌病大鼠的心脏功能,降低心肌组织炎症因子和氧化应激水平,抑制糖尿病心肌病大鼠心肌细胞凋亡。     

Long-chain noncoding RNA-GAS5/hsa-miR-138-5p attenuates high glucose-induced cardiomyocyte damage by targeting CYP11B2

Objective: Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is one of the complications experienced by patients with diabetes. In recent years, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been investigated because of their role in the progression of various diseases, including DCM. The purpose of the present study was to explore the role of lncRNA GAS5 in high glucose (HG)-induced cardiomyocyte injury and apoptosis.Materials and methods: We constructed HG-induced AC16 cardiomyocytes and a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced rat diabetes model. GAS5 was overexpressed and knocked out at the cellular level, and GAS5 was knocked down by lentiviruses at the animal level to observe its effect on myocardial injury. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the expression of GAS5. Cell proliferation and apoptosis after GAS5 knockout were detected by CCK-8, TUNEL, and flow cytometry assays. ELISA was used to detect the changes in myocardial enzyme content in cells and animal myocardial tissues during the action of GAS5 on myocardial injury.Results: GAS5 expression was up-regulated in HG-treated AC16 cardiomyocytes and the rat diabetic myocardial injury model. The down-regulation of GAS5 could inhibit HG-induced myocardial damage. This work proved that the down-regulation of GAS5 could reverse cardiomyocyte injury and apoptosis by targeting miR-138 to down-regulate CYP11B2.Conclusion: We confirmed for the first time that the down-regulation of GAS5 could reverse CYP11B2 via the miR-138 axis to reverse HG-induced cardiomyocyte injury. This research might provide a new direction for explaining the developmental mechanism of DCM and potential targets for the treatment of myocardial injury.     

An Aza resveratrol–chalcone derivative 6b protects mice against diabetic cardiomyopathy by alleviating inflammation and oxidative stress

Inflammation and oxidative stress play a crucial role in the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). We previously had synthesized an Aza resveratrol–chalcone derivative 6b, of which effectively suppressing lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced inflammatory response in macrophages. This study aimed to investigate the potential protective effect of 6b on DCM and underlying mechanism. In H9c2 myocardial cells, 6b potently decreased high glucose (HG)‐induced cell fibrosis, hypertrophy and apoptosis, alleviating inflammatory response and oxidant stress. In STZ‐induced type 1 diabetic mice (STZ‐DM1), orally administration with 6b for 16 weeks significantly attenuated cardiac hypertrophy, apoptosis and fibrosis. The expression of inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress biomarkers was also suppressed by 6b distinctly, without affecting blood glucose and body weight. The anti‐inflammatory and antioxidative activities of 6b were mechanistic associated with nuclear factor‐kappa B (NF‐κB) nucleus entry blockage and Nrf2 activation both in vitro and in vivo. The results indicated that 6b can be a promising cardioprotective agent in treatment of DCM via inhibiting inflammation and alleviating oxidative stress. This study also validated the important role of NF‐κB and Nrf2 taken in the pathogenesis of DCM, which could be therapeutic targets for diabetic comorbidities.     

Costunolide alleviates hyperglycaemia-induced diabetic cardiomyopathy via inhibiting inflammatory responses and oxidative stress

Hyperglycaemia-induced myocardial injury promotes the induction of heart failure in diabetic patients. Impaired antioxidant capability and sustained chronic inflammation play a vital role in the progression of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Costunolide (Cos), a natural compound with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, has exhibited therapeutic effects in various inflammatory diseases. However, the role of Cos in diabetes-induced myocardial injury remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the effect of Cos on DCM and explored the potential mechanisms. C57BL/6 mice were administered intraperitoneal streptozotocin for DCM induction. Cos-mediated anti-inflammatory and antioxidation activities were examined in heart tissues of diabetic mice and high glucose (HG)-stimulated cardiomyocytes. Cos markedly inhibited HG-induced fibrotic responses in diabetic mice and H9c2 cells, respectively. The cardioprotective effects of Cos could be correlated to the reduced expression of inflammatory cytokines and decreased oxidative stress. Further investigations demonstrated Cos reversed diabetes-induced nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation and alleviated impaired antioxidant defence system, principally via activation of nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45-related factor-2 (Nrf-2). Cos alleviated cardiac damage and improved cardiac function in diabetic mice by inhibiting NF-κB-mediated inflammatory responses and activating the Nrf-2-mediated antioxidant effects. Therefore, Cos could be a potential candidate for the treatment of DCM.     

BRD7 mediates hyperglycaemia‐induced myocardial apoptosis via endoplasmic reticulum stress signalling pathway

Bromodomain‐containing protein 7 (BRD7) is a tumour suppressor that is known to regulate many pathological processes including cell growth, apoptosis and cell cycle. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress‐induced apoptosis plays a key role in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). However, the molecular mechanism of hyperglycaemia‐induced myocardial apoptosis is still unclear. We intended to determine the role of BRD7 in high glucose (HG)‐induced apoptosis of cardiomyocytes. In vivo, we established a type 1 diabetic rat model by injecting a high‐dose streptozotocin (STZ), and lentivirus‐mediated short hairpin RNA (shRNA) was used to inhibit BRD7 expression. Rats with DCM exhibited severe myocardial remodelling, fibrosis, left ventricular dysfunction and myocardial apoptosis. The expression of BRD7 was up‐regulated in the heart of diabetic rats, and inhibition of BRD7 had beneficial effects against diabetes‐induced heart damage. In vitro, H9c2 cardiomyoblasts was used to investigate the mechanism of BRD7 in HG‐induced apoptosis. Treating H9c2 cardiomyoblasts with HG elevated the level of BRD7 via activation of extracellular signal‐regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and increased ER stress‐induced apoptosis by detecting spliced/active X‐box binding protein 1 (XBP‐1s) and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP). Furthermore, down‐regulation of BRD7 attenuated HG‐induced expression of CHOP via inhibiting nuclear translocation of XBP‐1s without affecting the total expression of XBP‐1s. In conclusion, inhibition of BRD7 appeared to protect against hyperglycaemia‐induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis by inhibiting ER stress signalling pathway.     

FBXL10 regulates cardiac dysfunction in diabetic cardiomyopathy via the PKC β2 pathway

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a condition associated with significant structural changes including cardiac tissue necrosis, localized fibrosis, and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. This study sought to assess whether and how FBXL10 can attenuate DCM using a rat streptozotocin (STZ)‐induced DCM model system. In the current study, we found that FBXL10 expression was significantly decreased in diabetic rat hearts. FBXL10 protected cells from high glucose (HG)‐induced inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in vitro. In addition, FBXL10 significantly activated PKC β2 signaling pathway in H9c2 cells and rat model. The cardiomyocyte‐specific overexpression of FBXL10 at 12 weeks after the initial STZ administration attenuated oxidative stress and inflammation, thereby reducing cardiomyocyte death and preserving cardiac function in these animals. Moreover, FBXL10 protected against DCM via activation of the PKC β2 pathway. In conclusion, FBXL has the therapeutic potential for the treatment of DCM.     

Gypenosides improve diabetic cardiomyopathy by inhibiting ROS‐mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation

NLRP3 inflammasome activation plays an important role in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), which may relate to excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Gypenosides (Gps), the major ingredients of Gynostemma pentaphylla (Thunb.) Makino, have exerted the properties of anti‐hyperglycaemia and anti‐inflammation, but whether Gps improve myocardial damage and the mechanism remains unclear. Here, we found that high glucose (HG) induced myocardial damage by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome and then promoting IL‐1β and IL‐18 secretion in H9C2 cells and NRVMs. Meanwhile, HG elevated the production of ROS, which was vital to NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Moreover, the ROS activated the NLRP3 inflammasome mainly by cytochrome c influx into the cytoplasm and binding to NLRP3. Inhibition of ROS and cytochrome c dramatically down‐regulated NLRP3 inflammasome activation and improved the cardiomyocyte damage induced by HG, which was also detected in cells treated by Gps. Furthermore, Gps also reduced the levels of the C‐reactive proteins (CRPs), IL‐1β and IL‐18, inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation and consequently improved myocardial damage in vivo. These findings provide a mechanism that ROS induced by HG activates the NLRP3 inflammasome by cytochrome c binding to NLRP3 and that Gps may be potential and effective drugs for DCM via the inhibition of ROS‐mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation.     

基于lncRNA测序探讨瑞舒伐他汀对糖尿病大鼠心肌损伤的治疗途径和潜在靶点

他汀类药物能为糖尿病心肌病(diabetic cardiomyopathy, DCM)的治疗带来一定的收益,但是其发挥作用的具体分子途径尚不明确。近期研究表明,长非编码lncRNA(long noncoding RNA, lncRNA)的异常表达与DCM的病理发展过程密切相关。为比较经瑞舒伐他汀(rosuvastatin)干预的糖尿病大鼠与常规治疗大鼠的心肌损伤程度差异,探讨瑞舒伐他汀对DCM的治疗途径和潜在靶点,本文提取DCM大鼠心肌组织总RNA,制备lncRNA芯片,筛选出差异表达的lncRNA并进行生物信息学分析。结果显示,与模型组相比,治疗组中表达呈显著差异的靶点基因有770个被上调,884个表达下调,主要与改善代谢紊乱、调节心肌细胞与胶原纤维的比例、减轻心肌损伤与运动负担、预防自主神经及微循环病变、改变生物进食习惯等功能相关;所参与的信号通路则主要富集在感官途径、信号传导、脂质代谢等方面。提示瑞舒伐他汀可通过调节这些lncRNA,参与糖脂能量代谢与离子平衡、抑制心肌纤维化进程、改善高糖毒性对自主神经功能的影响等治疗途径,发挥治疗DCM的作用。