人羊膜上皮干细胞联合富血小板血浆对宫腔粘连大鼠纤维化因子、炎症因子的作用

摘要 目的：探究人羊膜上皮干细胞（hAECs）联合富血小板血浆（PRP）对宫腔粘连大鼠的治疗效果,为临床中优化宫腔粘连治疗方法理论基础。方法：选用SPF级雌性SD大鼠共40只,依照随机数字表法随机分为空白组（A组）、假手术组（B组）、hAECs组（C组）、PRP组（D组）、hAECs+PRP组（E组）,每组各8只。A组不做任何处理,B组仅做麻醉、开关腹腔处理,C组、D组、E组使用搔刮法制备宫腔粘连模型。随后C组进行hAECs治疗,D组注射等量生理盐水。D组进行PRP治疗,C组注射等量生理盐水。E组进行hAECs联合PRP治疗。观察比较两组大鼠子宫内膜组织基质金属蛋白酶-9（MMP-9）、盘状结构域受体2（DDR2）蛋白表达水平、PI3K/Akt/mTOR通路相关mRNA表达量、血清白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、白细胞介素-8（IL-8）水平以及各组大鼠妊娠孕囊数量比较。结果：与A组相比,B组的子宫内膜组织MMP-9、DDR2蛋白表达水平、p-mTOR mRNA、p-Akt mRNA水平以及血清IL-6、IL-8水平比较无差异（P＞0.05）;C组、D组、E组大鼠的子宫内膜组织MMP-9、DDR2蛋白表达水平明显下降,IL-6、IL-8水平、p-mTOR mRNA、p-Akt mRNA表达升高（P＜0.05）。其中,E组大鼠MMP-9、DDR2蛋白表达水平明显高于C组、D组,IL-6、IL-8水平及p-mTOR mRNA、p-Akt mRNA表达低于C组、D组（P＜0.05）。C组、D组大鼠MMP-9、DDR2蛋白表达水平、血清IL-6、IL-8水平及p-mTOR mRNA、p-Akt mRNA表达比较（P＞0.05）。妊娠孕囊数量方面,与A组比较,B组大鼠妊娠孕囊数量。结论：hAECs联合PRP治疗可能通过上调宫腔粘连大鼠子宫内膜组织MMP-9、DDR2蛋白表达水平并下调p-mTOR mRNA、p-Akt mRNA表达,同时降低炎性因子IL-6、IL-8水平,进而提高妊娠孕囊数量,起到治疗作用。     

多重干预RAAS对大鼠慢性心功能不全心室重构及血钾的影响

目的探讨多重干预RAAS对大鼠慢性心功能不全心室重构及血钾的影响。方法实验采用缩窄大鼠腹主动脉法建立慢性压力负荷致心功能不全动物模型,选6周龄20只雌性SD大鼠,随机分4组(每组5只),B组(手术模型组)、C组(卡托普利组)、D组(卡托普利+缬沙坦组)、E组(卡托普利+缬沙坦+螺内酯组),另随机抽取5只同龄雌性SD大鼠假手术作为对照(A组)。给药8周后用Doppler超声心动图检测大鼠心脏结构和心功能各项参数的变化,放射免疫法测定血浆AngⅡ,ALDO浓度,并生化检测血钾水平。结果腹主动脉结扎后第9周,与A组比较,B组舒张末期室间隔厚度(IVSTD)、舒张末期左室后壁厚度(LVPWTD)、相对室壁厚度(RWT)、左室重量(LVM)、左室重量与体重比(LVM/BW)均显著提高(P<0.05);C、D、E组与B组相比,LVM,LVM/BW下降显著(P<0.05)。各药物干预组(C、D、E)血浆AngⅡ,ALDO水平明显低于B组(P<0.05),以联合应用螺内酯组明显。各药物干预组与A组和B组相比较,血钾水平差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论联合应用卡托普利、缬沙坦及螺内酯多重干预RAAS能明显改善大鼠慢性心功能不全心室重构,对血钾无明显影响。     

IGF-1联合BMP-2对糖尿病合并骨质疏松股骨骨折大鼠中的骨折愈合影响分析

摘要 目的：探讨胰岛素生长因子-1（insulin-like growth factor, IGF-1）联合骨形态发生蛋白（bone morphogenetic protein,BMP）-2对糖尿病合并骨质疏松股骨骨折大鼠中的骨折愈合影响。方法：8周龄雌性SD大鼠60只,饲养一周后根据随机数字表法进行分组,每组12只,之后进行造模,造模成功50只,成功率为83.33 %。将其分为5组,包括正常组（n=10）,糖尿病+卵巢切除+骨折组（n=9）,糖尿病+卵巢切除+骨折+ IGF-1组（骨折处注射IGF 30 μg/kg,n=11）,糖尿病+卵巢切除+骨折+BMP-2组（骨折处注射100 μL BMP-2基因慢病毒1×10⁸,n=10）、糖尿病+卵巢切除+骨折+IGF-1+BMP-2组（参照上述,n=10）,其余进行等剂量溶剂注射,均连续注射两天。分组处理6周后,观察5组大鼠的一般情况。对比5组大鼠的血清钙、骨钙素、碱性磷酸酶水平,对比5组的最大应力、最大载荷及刚度,检测5组大鼠组织中的IGF-1、BMP-2及TGF-β1 mRNA表达水平。结果：A组大鼠无明显异常反应,大鼠体重逐渐增加,大小便、饮食均正常,毛色光亮;B、C、D、E组大鼠精神萎靡、反应迟缓、毛色光亮性较差、体重无明显减轻或增加、大鼠的饮水量、饮食增加,多尿症状较为明显。5组大鼠的血清钙、骨钙素、碱性磷酸酶水平：B组结论：IGF-1联合BMP-2可促进糖尿病合并骨质疏松股骨骨折大鼠中的骨折愈合。     

睾酮对雄兔hs-CRP、MMP-9、HO-1、APN和动脉粥样硬化斑块稳定性的影响

目的探讨睾酮对雄兔血高敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）、基质金属蛋白酶-9（MMP-9）、血红素氧化酶-1（HO-1）、脂联素（APN）和动脉粥样硬化斑块稳定性的影响。方法将66只雄性新西兰纯种兔随机分为4组,其中正常对照组10只（A组）、喂以普通饲料;假去势＋球囊损伤颈动脉组16只（B组）、去势＋球囊损伤颈动脉＋生理剂量睾酮（6mg/（kg.2周））肌注组16只（C组）、去势＋球囊损伤颈动脉＋生理盐水肌注组24只（D组）均喂以高脂饲料。在实验第8周随机抽取处死部分动物,观察颈动脉病变的形态特征,抽血测睾酮、hs-CRP、MMP-9、HO-1、APN水平。结果D组兔血睾酮水平显著降低;B,C组较D组兔血hs-CRP、MMP-9水平显著降低,HO-1、APN水平显著升高;且B,C组较D组兔动脉粥样斑块的面积和内-中膜厚度（IMT）显著减小,斑块纤维帽增厚、胶原含量明显增加。结论生理剂量睾酮可以影响雄兔血hs-CRP、MMP-9、HO-1、APN水平,并能调节动脉粥样硬化斑块进展与斑块的稳定性。     

家兔迟发性面瘫模型建立及药物干预研究

目的:优化迟发性面瘫的建模方法,并对药物的神经保护作用进行观察。方法:家兔48只共96侧面神经,分A、B、C、D 4个实验组,以一侧面神经进行实验处理,另一侧为自身对照。A组:直视下钳夹损伤桥池段面神经;B组:直视下向桥小脑角注射动脉血,以诱导血管痉挛;C组:处理因素=A组+B组;D组:在C组基础上,应用药物(强的松+丹参+维生素B1+维生素B12)干预。观察家兔面瘫,并做面神经病理切片,比较各组间迟发性面瘫发生率、面瘫持续时间及预后。结果:面瘫发生情况:A组6只家兔(6/11,54.5%)出现迟发性面瘫;平均面瘫持续时间为13.2天。B组有2只(2/12,16.7%)出现迟发性面瘫,平均持续8天。C组6只(6/12,50%)家兔出现迟发性面瘫,平均持续14.3天。D组4只(4/12,33.33%)出现迟发性面瘫,平均持续6天。所有自身对照侧均无面瘫发生。病理:各组均见神经纤维水肿;A、C两组呈高度水肿改变,神经束周围结构紊乱;B组见神经内血管细小,而水肿较A、C两组轻微;D组呈轻度水肿改变。结论:C组出现迟发性面瘫几率高,是较好的模型;联合应用强的松、丹参、维生素B1、维生素B12虽不能防止迟发性面瘫发生,但可使迟发性面瘫病程明显缩短。     

有氧运动同时补充玉米肽对肥胖大鼠脂肪分解关键酶的影响

目的：研究有氧运动同时补充玉米肽对高脂饮食诱导的肥胖大鼠减脂的作用及其与脂肪分解关键酶甘油三酯脂肪酶（ATGL）和脂蛋白酯酶（LPL）关系。方法：4周龄健康雄性SD大鼠150只,体重160~180 g,随机选取15只作为普通膳食不运动组,给予普通饲料喂养。剩余135只大鼠进行8周的高脂饲料喂养建立肥胖大鼠模型,以体重超过普通膳食不运动组大鼠平均体重的20%作为肥胖大鼠建模成功的标准。将建模成功的肥胖大鼠40只随机分为5组（n=8）：肥胖对照组、酪蛋白组、玉米肽组、运动组和运动+玉米肽组。除酪蛋白组、玉米肽组喂养自制饲料外,其余各组均用普通饲料喂养,运动组每天进行15 m/min,持续时间60 min的跑台运动,每周6天。4周运动和玉米肽干预后取血,检测大鼠血浆中TG、TC、HDL、LDL的含量;取大鼠肾周、附睾脂肪和肝,检测肾周和附睾脂肪的重量,Western blot检测大鼠肝ATGL、脂肪LPL的蛋白表达水平。结果：与肥胖对照组大鼠相比：①运动组、运动+玉米肽组大鼠的体重、附睾和肾周脂肪含量明显降低（P<0.05）,且运动+玉米肽组比运动组下降得更明显（P<0.05）,而其它组大鼠无显著差异。②运动组大鼠血浆TG显著降低,运动+玉米肽组的血浆TG、TC显著降低（P<0.05）,其它组大鼠的TG、TC无显著差异;血浆HDL和LDL各组间均无显著性差异。③运动组和运动+玉米肽组大鼠的肝ATGL、脂肪组织LPL的蛋白水平明显增加（P<0.01）,且运动+玉米肽组比运动组的更显著（P<0.05）;其他两组无显著差异。结论：有氧运动、有氧运动同时补充玉米肽都可以明显降低大鼠的体脂和血脂水平,且后者的作用更强,这可能与其更显著地增加肥胖大鼠肝ATGL和脂肪LPL的蛋白水平有关。而仅仅补充玉米肽不能降低大鼠的体脂和血脂水平。     

模拟失重及高+Gx对猕猴心肌超微结构、血浆内皮素-1及C-反应蛋白的影响

目的:探讨30天模拟失重后高+Gx过载对猴猴心肌超微结构、血浆内皮素-1及C反应蛋白的影响,来研究模拟失重超重对心血管的影响,本实验为研究抗荷服和飞船轨道运行段应急返回超重医学提供实验数据.方法:15只雄性猕猴随机分为5组,即模拟失重组(对照组,A),+13 Gx/230 s组(B),模拟失重超重组+11 Gx/270 s(C),模拟失重超重组+13 Gx/230 s(D)和模拟失重超重组+15 Gx/200 s(E).动物放血处死,抽取血液测定血浆内皮素-1及C反应蛋白的含量,组织取材后经戊二醛固定,制成电镜标本,观察猴心肌超微结构的变化.结果:C组、D组和E组血浆内皮素-1及C反应蛋白含量较A组升高,有统计学意义(P＜0.05),C、D、E组之间无统计学意义(P＞0.05).D组血浆内皮素-1及C反应蛋白含量较B组升高,有统计学意义(P＜0.05).电镜下A组可见线粒体双层膜结构清晰,线粒体嵴清晰;B、C、D组部分线粒体出现双层膜结构消失,嵴数量减少;E组线粒体出现水肿、空泡样变,肌节断裂.结论:(1)失重后超重+13 Gx可引起心肌轻微损伤,失重后超重+15 Gx心肌损伤严重,且损伤程度随着+Gx值的增加而加重.(2)失重后超重比单纯超重心肌损伤严重.(3)本实验为超重耐力研究和提出科学合理的飞船轨道运行段应急返回超重医学提供实验支持.     

姜黄素诱协同阿托伐他汀稳定易损斑块的作用与机制

探讨姜黄素诱导血红素氧合酶-1(hemeoxygenase 1,HO-1)过度表达协同阿托伐他汀稳定易损斑块的作用与机制。雄性SD大鼠40只,适应性饲养1周,随机分为对照组(A组)、模型组(B组)、他汀组(C组)、他汀+姜黄素组(D组)、他汀+姜黄素+锌原卟啉IX(Znpp IX)组(E组)。A组予以普通饲料喂养,B、C、D、E组予以高脂饲料喂养+液氮冻伤右颈总动脉+腹腔注射维生素D3+免疫损伤的方法复制动脉粥样硬化易损斑块模型。10周后,C、D、E组分别给阿托伐他汀、阿托伐他汀+姜黄素、阿托伐他汀+姜黄素+Znpp IX干预1周。同期处死大鼠,取血测定HO-1蛋白表达量及血脂、炎症与氧化应激指标的变化,并取右侧颈总动脉行组织病理学检查。与A组比较,B组的血脂水平、各项炎症及氧化应激指标均明显升高(P0.05),颈动脉形成较典型的易损斑块;与B组比较,C组血脂明显降低,而HO-1蛋白表达有所增加,各项炎症及氧化应激指标降低,颈动脉斑块减小且更稳定;D、E两组HO-1蛋白表达均显著高于C组,但在抗炎、抗氧化及稳定斑块效果上仅D组显著优于C组(P0.01),E组则明显不如C组而与B组相近。阿托伐他汀主要通过调脂作用抑制动脉粥样硬化病变;姜黄素能够显著诱导HO-1表达并能协同阿托伐他汀明显增强抗炎、抗氧化和稳定易损斑块的能力。     

肌肽对奥尼罗非鱼生长性能的影响

本研究探讨了饲料中肌肽的添加对奥尼罗非鱼生长、血清激素水平及肌肉组织抗氧化能力的影响。选取罗非鱼360尾,随机分为A、B、C、D 4个组,每组3个重复,每个重复30尾。在A、B、C、D组的饲料中分别添加0、50、100、200mg/kg剂量的肌肽。常规饲养管理,试验周期60d。结果发现：在试验期间,B、C、D组鱼体的体重和体长均大于A组,特别是试验结束时,B组鱼体的体重、体重生长率（RSGR）和相对体长生长率（RLGR）均显著大于A组（p〈0.05）。在试验全期,B、C、D组鱼体血清生长激素（GH）、类胰岛素生长因子-1（IGF-1）和三碘甲状腺原氨酸（T3）水平均高于A组,但差异不显著。在第20天,B、C组鱼体肌肉组织中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活力显著高于A组（p〈0.05）,D组过氧化氢酶（CAT）活力显著低于A组（p〈0.05）;第40天,B、C、D组的谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活力均显著高于A组（p〈0.05）。试验结果表明：在饲料中添加适宜剂量（50mg/kg）的肌肽,能改善鱼体肌肉组织的抗氧化能力,提高血清中相关的激素水平,促进鱼体内物质代谢,对鱼体生长性能产生积极影响。     

丹参多酚酸盐通过SIRT3/β-catenin-PPARγ信号通路对心肌梗死大鼠的作用及机制研究

摘要 目的：通过制备心肌梗死大鼠模型，基于SIRT3/β-catenin-PPARγ信号通路探讨丹参多酚酸盐对心肌梗死大鼠的作用及相关机制，为将丹参多酚酸盐应用于心肌梗死治疗积累理论基础。方法：选取SPF级健康SD大鼠60只，随机分为假手术组（A组）、模型组（B组）、丹参多酚酸注射低剂量组（C组）丹参多酚酸注射高剂量组（D组）。B、C、D组大鼠制备为心肌梗死模型，A组大鼠仅进行假手术操作。B、C、D三组大鼠均接受丹参多酚酸盐注射治疗，A组大鼠注射等量生理盐水。比较各组大鼠心动图指标、血流动力学参数、心肌损伤相关指标、SIRT3/β-catenin-PPARγ信号通路相关蛋白及mRNA相对表达量。结果：干预后，B、C、D组大鼠的LVEF、LVFS和dP/dt max、dP/dt min均下降，且C、D组高于B组，D组高于C组；同时B、C、D组大鼠LVEDD高于A组，C、D组低于B组且D组低于C组。B、C、D组大鼠CK、CK-MB、LDH水平均高于A组，同时C、D组均低于B组，且D组低于C组；干预后，B、C、D组大鼠IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α水平均高于A组，同时C、D组均低于B组，且D组低于C组；干预后，B、C、D组大鼠SIRT3、β-catenin蛋白表达量及mRNA表达量均高于A组，同时C、D组大鼠高于B组且D组高于C组；同时B、C、D组PPARγ蛋白表达量及mRNA表达量均高于A组，且C、D组低于B组，D组低于C组（P＜0.05）。结论：丹参多酚酸盐能够有效改善心肌梗死大鼠的心功能，缓解心肌损伤，其机制可能与调控SIRT3/β-catenin-PPARγ信号通路、下调炎性因子水平相关，且高剂量丹参多酚酸盐的治疗效果更优。     

不同营养治疗途径对重症急性胰腺炎大鼠血浆氨基酸谱和电解质的影响

目的比较不同配方肠内营养(EN)和肠外营养(PN)制剂对重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)大鼠血浆氨基酸谱和电解质水平的影响。方法建立大鼠SAP模型,根据SAP营养代谢配制专用EN配方(EN-S)和含益生元(PRE)的EN配方(RPE-EN)。40只大鼠随机分为正常对照组(A组)、SAP+EN-S组(B组)、SAP+PRE-EN组(C组)、SAP+商品EN组(D组)和SAP+PN组(E组),营养治疗持续7 d,检测血浆氨基酸谱和电解质水平。结果B~E组主要氨基酸和总氨基酸水平显著低于A组(P<0.05),D组天门冬氨酸、蛋氨酸和赖氨酸水平显著低于B组(P<0.05)和C组,而谷氨酸、精氨酸、丙氨酸和苯丙氨酸显著低于C组(P<0.05),低于B组但无显著性差异;B~E组血清铁显著低于A组(P<0.05),D组的血清铁显著低于C组(P<0.05),除C组外,其余各组的血浆钠显著低于A组。结论EN-S配方在提高某些氨基酸水平上作用优于商品EN;含PRE微生态营养制剂具有改善蛋白质代谢和电解质平衡的作用;短期应用EN和PN对SAP动物蛋白质代谢和电解质平衡作用无显著性差异。     

烫伤大鼠早期口服谷氨酰胺对血浆氨基酸代谢的影响

研究烫伤早期口服谷氨酰胺 (GLN)后GLN及其相关氨基酸的代谢变化。以Wistar大鼠为烫伤模型 ,烫伤后早期口服GLN ,并以 83 5-50型氨基酸自动分析仪的生理体液法测定血浆游离氨基酸。结果烫伤后饲标准饲料(C)组血浆GLN在烫伤后 2d和 5d降低 ,与GLN代谢相关的丙氨酸和氨无显著性变化 ;GLN饲料 (G)组各时相点GLN均增加 ,1 0h和 8d增加显著 ,与GLN代谢相关的丙氨酸和血氨增加显著 ;GLN +精氨酸 (G +A)组GLN在 2d降低 ,血氨升高显著。与C组比 ,G和G +A组血浆总氨基酸、支琏氨基酸、GLN、丙氨酸、r-氨基丁酸和氨均较C组高。提示 ,烫伤后早期口服GLN能提高血GLN和与之代谢相关的氨基酸浓度。     

Elevated lipid peroxidation products and depleted transferrin levels in the plasma of kidney transplant recipients

Lipid peroxidation products were measured in the plasma of 24 kidney transplant patients and 12 healthy volunteers (controls) by: (1) 2-thiobarbituric acid assay and (2) the intensity of fluorescence products of malonaldehyde cross-linked proteins. Plasma levels of creatinine, ceruloplasmin, transferrin, prealbumin, albumin and total protein were also measured. Elevated lipid peroxidation products and lowered transferrin levels were observed in transplant patients compared to controls. Ceruloplasmin levels were slightly but significantly elevated in recent transplant recipients (less than 6 months, n = 12, Group A) while no difference was observed between older transplant recipients (greater than 6 months, n = 12, Group B) and controls. Serum, creatinine levels were also slightly but significantly elevated in both groups of patients compared to controls. Serum prealbumin, albumin and total protein levels in both groups of transplant recipients were not different from controls or reference range values.     

Structural comparisons between mouse and human prealbumin

In an attempt to construct model systems for familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy, prealbumin cDNA was cloned from a mouse liver cDNA library, using previously cloned human prealbumin cDNA as a hybridization probe. The primary structure of mouse prealbumin deduced from the cDNA sequence shows that it consists of 147 amino acids, including a whole prealbumin sequence (127 amino acids) and a putative signal sequence (20 amino acids). These numbers are in complete agreement with those determined for the human prealbumin. Among the 127 amino acid residues of the mature human prealbumin, 25 are replaced by different amino acids in the mouse prealbumin. Interestingly, 24 out of the 25 substituted amino acids are located at the outer surface of the protein, and the regions corresponding to the core and central channel of the protein are almost completely conserved. The cloned cDNA provided essential information for manipulating amyloidosis in mice.     

Plasma levels of amino acids in elderly long term care residents with oropharyngeal dysphagia: Comparison of hand-oral with tube-enteral-fed patients

Summary. Background: Dysphagia and eating difficulties are highly prevalent in long term care patients. Evaluation of their nutritional status is complicated by comorbidity, frailty and individual patterns of feeding. In previous studies we found vitamin deficiencies (folic acid B6 and B12) in orally fed elderly in early stages of oropharyngeal dysphagia despite satisfactory nutritional parameters (BMI, albumin and hemoglobin). The aim of this study is to evaluate the plasma amino acids levels in these hand-oral fed elderly patients with dysphagia. Methods: Plasma amino acids were measured in 15 orally fed elderly patients in early functional outcome swallowing scale (FOSS), stage 2, and compared with those of 15 matched nasogastric-tube-fed counterparts. Results: The plasma levels of all measured amino acids, ratio of essential to nonessential, levels of conditionally essential and the immune-enhancing amino acids were similar in both groups and within the normal range of our laboratory. The traditional nutritional parameters were also similar in both groups and within the normal range. Conclusions: Plasma levels of amino acids in elderly patients in early stage of FOSS are satisfactory, supporting the view that their protein intake is adequate. Further studies should concentrate on patients in advanced stages of FOSS.     

The effect of probiotic BioPlus 2B on feed efficiency and metabolic parameters in swine

The purpose of our work was to observe the influence of probiotic preparation BioPlus 2B on average daily gains of weaned pigs, feed efficiency and to evaluate some metabolic indices. The weaned pigs, at the age of 42 days, were included into the trial and divided into four groups. Pigs in groups A (n = 5) and B (n = 4) received BioPlus 2B also before weaning. Only group A received BioPlus 2B, at the concentration of 3.2 × 10⁹ CFU per kg of feed, after weaning continually. Groups C (n = 5) and D (n = 4) did not receive BioPlus 2B until the start of the trial, but group C was given BioPlus 2B at the same concentration as group A during the experiment. Blood samples for determination of metabolic indices were collected at the start of experiment, i.e. on 42^nd day of pigs life, and then on 56^th, 70^th, 84^th and 91^st days of pigs life. The following biochemical indices were evaluated within the trial: serum levels of total proteins, albumin, urea, total cholesterol and total lipids. Total serum protein level (p < 0.0001) and serum albumin level (p = 0.0024) in groups A and B were significantly higher in comparison with groups C and D on day 56 of pigs life. Serum urea level in group D was significantly (p = 0.049) higher than in group A on 70^th day of pigs life. Serum level of total cholesterol in group B on day 56 and 84 of pigs life was significantly (p = 0.0004) higher than in groups C and D. Total serum lipid level was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in B group compared to other groups on 56^th, 70^th, 84^th days of pigs life. Average daily gains (ADG) in A group, even if non-significantly, were about 10% better than in groups B, C, D between 57^th and 77^th days of pigs life. ADG in groups A and B were 14% better in comparison with that in groups C and D between 78^th and 91^st days of pigs life (p = 0.036). The best feed efficiency in the trial was in group A, approximately 13%, 16% and 21% better than that in the groups B, C and D, repectively. Presented at the Second Probiotic Conference, Košice, 15–19 September 2004, Slovakia.     

光照周期和光照强度对循环水系统中墨瑞鳕的生长、肌肉营养成分及养殖收益的影响

分别探究了4种光照周期(12L﹕12D、15L﹕9D、18L﹕6D和21L﹕3D)和4种光照强度(1200 lx、1500 lx、1800 lx和自然光)对循环水养殖系统中墨瑞鳕的生长、肌肉营养成分及养殖收益的影响。结果表明:(1)15L﹕9D组墨瑞鳕的终重、日增重及特定生长率均显著高于其他三组(P<0.05),饵料系数显著低于12L﹕12D和21L﹕3D组(P<0.05); 1500 lx组墨瑞鳕的终重、日增重及特定生长率均显著高于其他三组(P<0.05),饵料系数显著低于其他三组(P<0.05)。(2)15L﹕9D组墨瑞鳕肌肉中粗脂肪含量、氨基酸总量及必须氨基酸总量均达到最大值; 1500 lx组墨瑞鳕肌肉中粗脂肪和灰分含量最高,而水分和粗蛋白含量最低;相反,自然光照组中水分和粗蛋白含量最高,而粗脂肪和灰分含量最低(P<0.05)。(3)尽管15L﹕9D组和1500 lx组都投入了较高的成本,但由于这两组中墨瑞鳕的生长快,产量高,其总收益、总净收益和效益成本比均显著高于其他实验组(P<0.05)。综合各项实验数据, 15L﹕9D和1500 lx分...     

Observation on Plasma Free Amino Acids of Cow under Different Feeding

The influence of nutritional alteration to the plasma amino acid patterns in cows was investigated. The ratio of the essential to nonessential amino acids (E/N) at 6 months after change of diet was higher in the group fed a high protein and low energy diet than the group fed a moderate protein and moderate energy diet (the control group). The total nonessential amino acid levels decreased in the former group. The decrease was due to lower values for glycine, alanine and glutamic acid.

On the other hand, the E/N radio was lower in groups fed low protein diets than in the control group and total essential amino acid levels were lower in the former group than in the control group. The decrease was due to lower values for valine, threonine and arginine. Conversely, the higher values in glycine, serine and proline than those in the control group were observed.     

开放流水养殖模式下暂养时间对黄颡鱼肌肉品质和营养价值的影响

文章旨在探索开放流水养殖模式下,暂养对黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)肌肉品质和营养价值的影响。试验选用处于快速生长期的大规格鱼种(15.69±2.28) g黄颡鱼为试验对象,随机分为4组,分别暂养0(对照组)、20d、30d和40d,每组3个重复。试验期间投喂黄颡鱼配合饲料,在养殖过程中定期测量水质。在试验结束后对其生长性能、血清生化指标、肌肉氨基酸、脂肪酸组成及质构特性进行比较。结果显示:(1)暂养期间试验池的水质氨态氮含量在0.03—0.05 mg/L,亚硝态氮含量均在0.01 mg/L,溶氧水平均超过9.0 mg/L。(2)暂养时间延长,黄颡鱼末体重和增重率呈上升趋势,特定生长率呈下降趋势,各组间差异显著(P<0.05);暂养20d、30d和40d组的成活率、肥满度、肝体比及脏体比组间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。(3)暂养30d和40d组血清中的白蛋白和总蛋白含量显著高于对照组和暂养20d组(P<0.05),但其γ-谷氨酰基转移酶和碱性磷酸酶活性、总胆固醇和总胆汁酸含量显著低于对照组和暂养20d组(P<0.05);对照组、暂养2...     

Amino acid sequence of protein B23 phosphorylation site

A major phosphopeptide labeled in vivo, was identified in nucleolar protein B23 (Mr/pI = 37,000/5.1) after tryptic digestion. This peptide was purified by high performance liquid chromatography using reverse-phase (C8 and C18) columns. The phosphopeptide contains 20 amino acids including 1 phosphoserine, 7 glutamic acids, and 4 aspartic acids. The amino acid sequence is: His-Leu-Val-Ala-Val-Glu-Glu-Asp-Ala-Glu-Ser(P)-Glu-Asp-Glu-Asp- Glu-Glu-Asp-Val-Lys. This amino acid sequence is similar to that of nucleolar phosphoprotein C23 (8 consecutive amino acids were identical), and to the regulatory subunit (RII) of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (7 consecutive amino acids were identical, which is phosphorylated by casein kinase II (Carmichael, D.F., Geahlen, R.L., Allen, S.M., and Krebs, E.G. (1982) J. Biol. Chem 257, 10440-10445). The regions near these phosphorylation sites are enriched with glutamic and aspartic acids, suggesting that this acidic amino acid cluster may be essential for kinase recognition.