共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Lehmann P 《Journal of applied genetics》2002,43(4):403-414
This article reviews recent advances that shed light on plant disease resistance genes, beginning with a brief overview of their structure, followed by their genomic organization and evolution. Plant disease resistance genes have been exhaustively investigated in terms of their structural organization, sequence evolution and genome distribution. There are probably hundreds of NBS-LRR sequences and other types of R-gene-like sequences within a typical plant genome. Recent studies revealed positive selection and selective maintenance of variation in plant resistance and defence-related genes. Plant resistance genes are highly polymorphic and have diverse recognition specificities. R-genes occur as members of clustered gene families that have evolved through duplication and diversification. These genes appear to evolve more rapidly than other regions of the genome, and domains such as the leucine-rich repeat, are subject to adaptive selection 相似文献
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Chang Lijing Mei Gaofu Hu Yan Deng Jieqiong Zhang Tianzhen 《Plant molecular biology》2019,99(4-5):449-460
Plant Molecular Biology - This report reveals that the LMI1-like and KNOX1 genes coordinately control the leaf development and different combinations of those genes which produce diverse leaf... 相似文献
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The Mendel database contains names for plant-wide families of sequenced plant genes. The names have either been approved by the Commission on Plant Gene Nomenclature (CPGN), an organization of the International Society for Plant Molecular Biology (ISPMB), or are identified as provisional or temporary names. Mendel also identifies the corresponding genes in individual species of plants. Mendel can be searched through the mirror sites at Cornell (http://genome. cornell.edu/cgi-bin/WebAce/webace?db=mendel) and Stanford (http://genome-www.stanford.edu/Mendel/). In addition, parts of Mendel can be downloaded from the CPGN Web site (http://mbclserver. rutgers.edu/CPGN/). 相似文献
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Summary Plant genetic transformation technologies rely upon the selection and recovery of transformed cells. Selectable marker genes
used so far have been either antibiotic resistance genes or herbicide tolerance genes. There is a need to apply alternative
principles of selection, as more transgenic traits have to be incorporated into a transgenic crop and because of concern that
the use of conventional marker genes may pose a threat to humans and the environment. New classes of marker genes are now
available, conferring metabolic advantage of the transgenic cells over the non-transformed cells. The new selection systems,
as described in this review, are being used with success and superior performance over the traditional marker systems. 相似文献
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Advances in selectable marker genes for plant transformation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Plant transformation systems for creating transgenics require separate process for introducing cloned DNA into living plant cells. Identification or selection of those cells that have integrated DNA into appropriate plant genome is a vital step to regenerate fully developed plants from the transformed cells. Selectable marker genes are pivotal for the development of plant transformation technologies because marker genes allow researchers to identify or isolate the cells that are expressing the cloned DNA, to monitor and select the transformed progeny. As only a very small portion of cells are transformed in most experiments, the chances of recovering transgenic lines without selection are usually low. Since the selectable marker gene is expected to function in a range of cell types it is usually constructed as a chimeric gene using regulatory sequences that ensure constitutive expression throughout the plant. Advent of recombinant DNA technology and progress in plant molecular biology had led to a desire to introduce several genes into single transgenic plant line, necessitating the development of various types of selectable markers. This review article describes the developments made in the recent past on plant transformation systems using different selection methods adding a note on their importance as marker genes in transgenic crop plants. 相似文献
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植物抗病反应是一个多基因调控的复杂过程,在这个过程中R基因发挥了非常重要的作用。根据其氨基酸基序组成以及跨膜结构域的不同,R基因可以分为多种类型,其中NBS-LRR类型是植物基因组中最大的基因家族之一。TIR-NB-LRR类型的抗病基因又是NB-LRR类型中的一大类,也是目前抗病基因研究的热点。该文总结了TIR-NB-LRR类型抗病基因各个结构域的功能和相关的研究进展。相关研究表明,TIR结构域主要通过自身或异源的二聚体化介导抗性信号的转导,但也有部分研究表明,该结构域可能参与病原菌的特异性识别。NBS结构域常被认为具有"分子开关"的功能,它可以通过结合ADP或ATP来调节植物抗病蛋白的构象变化,从而调节下游抗病信号的传导。LRR结构域在植物与病原菌互作的过程中可以通过与病原菌的无毒蛋白直接或间接互作来特异识别病原菌。也有研究发现,LRR结构域具有调节信号传导的功能。这些信息将为研究植物抗病机理提供理论依据,也为将来通过基因编辑技术对作物进行定向抗病育种提供思路。 相似文献
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Putting knowledge of plant disease resistance genes to work. 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
J D Jones 《Current opinion in plant biology》2001,4(4):281-287
Plant disease resistance genes trigger defence mechanisms upon recognition of pathogen compatibility factors, which are encoded by avirulence genes. Isolation of the barley powdery mildew resistance gene Mla opens the door to understanding the extensive allelic diversity of this locus. Completion of the Arabidopsis genome sequence enables the analysis of the complete set of R-gene homologues in a flowering plant. A new R gene, RPW8, conferring resistance in Arabidopsis to powdery mildew, reveals a new class of protein associated with pathogen recognition. New prospects for using R-gene polymorphism in agriculture are becoming apparent. 相似文献
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Zhiqiang Jiang Hongwei Guo Laboratory of Protein Engineering Plant Genetic Engineering College of Life Sciences Peking University Beijing China 《Acta Genetica Sinica》2010,(4)
Plant hormones are small molecules that play important roles throughout the life span of a plant,known as auxin,gibberellin,cyto-kinin,abscisic acid,ethylene,jasmonic acid,salicylic acid,and brassinosteroid.Genetic and molecular studies in the model organism Arabidopsis thaliana have revealed the individual pathways of various plant hormone responses.In this study,we selected 479 genes that were convincingly associated with various hormone actions based on genetic evidence.By using these 479 genes as querie... 相似文献
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Functional analysis of plant disease resistance genes and their downstream effectors. 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
G B Martin 《Current opinion in plant biology》1999,2(4):273-279
Plant disease resistance (R) genes encode proteins that both determine recognition of specific pathogen-derived avirulence (Avr) proteins and initiate signal transduction pathways leading to complex defense responses. Recent developments suggest that recognition specificity of R proteins is determined by either a protein kinase domain or by a region consisting of leucine-rich repeats. R genes conferring resistance to bacterial, viral, and fungal pathogens appear to use multiple signaling pathways, some of which involve distinct proteins and others which converge upon common downstream effectors. Manipulation of R genes and their signaling pathways by transgenic expression is a promising strategy to improve disease resistance in plants. 相似文献
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Plant Molecular Biology - 相似文献
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Plant receptor-like protein kinases (RLKs) are transmembrane proteins with an extracellular domain and an intracellular kinase domain, which enable plant perceiving diverse extracellular stimuli to trigger the intracellular signal transduction. The somatic embryogenesis receptor kinases (SERKs) code the leucine-rich-repeat receptor-like kinase (LRR-RLK), and have been demonstrated to associate with multiple ligand-binding receptors to regulate plant growth, root development, male fertility, stomatal development and movement, and immune responses. Here, we focus on the progress made in recent years in understanding the versatile functions of Arabidopsis SERK proteins, and review SERK proteins as co-receptor to perceive different endogenous and environmental cues in different signaling pathway, and discuss how the kinase activity of SERKs is regulated by various modification. 相似文献
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In this work, 710 CDSs corresponding to over 290 000 codons equally distributed between Brassica napus, Arabidopsis thaliana, Lycopersicon esculentum, Nicotiana tabacum, Pisum sativum, Glycine max, Oryza sativa, Triticum aestivum, Hordeum vulgare and Zea mays were considered. For each amino acid, synonymous codon choice was determined in the presence of A, G, C or T as the initial nucleotide of the subsequent triplet; data were statistically analysed under the hypothesis of an independent assortment of codons. In 33.4% of cases, a frequency significantly (P = 0.01) different from that expected was recorded. This was mainly due to a pervasive intercodon TpA and CpG deficiency. As a general rule, intercodon TpAs and CpGs were preferably replaced by CpAs and TpGs, respectively. In several instances, codon frequencies were also modified to avoid homotetramer and homotrimer formation, to reduce intercodon ApCs downstream {1,2} GG or AG dinucleotides, as well as to increase GpA or ApG intercodons under certain contexts. Since TpA, CpG and homotetra(tri)mer deficiency directly or indirectly accounted for 77% of significant variation in the codon frequency, it can be concluded that codon usage mirrors precise needs at the DNA structure level. Plant species exhibited a phylogenetically-related adaptation to structural constraints. Codon usage flexibility was reflected in strikingly different arrays of optimum codons for probe design. 相似文献
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植物多酚在环境保护与农业生产中的应用 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5
植物多酚是一类广泛存在于植物体内的次生代谢物.自然界含多酚的常见植物已超过600种.随着植物多酚化学结构鉴定及其理化性状的深入研究,人类对植物多酚的应用由传统的化工和医药等领域扩展到了农业和环境等多个领域.文中就植物多酚对植物抗逆境能力以及在环境污染控制和农业生产等领域的应用进行了综述. 相似文献
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植物代谢工程是一个很有发展前景的新兴学科。它可通过多种方法对植物的代谢流进行改造,如加速限制步骤的反应,改变分叉代谢途径的流向,构建代谢旁路,引入转录调节因子、信号因子、植物激素合成基因,扩展和构建新的代谢途径等方法进行。并取得了一些有意义的研究结果。 相似文献