Characterization of a novel mouse recombinant processing {alpha}-mannosidase

In previous work (Herscovics et al., J. Biol. Chem., 269, 9864–9871),a novel mouse      

Atrial contractile dysfunction, fibrosis, and arrhythmias in a mouse model of cardiomyopathy secondary to cardiac-specific overexpression of tumor necrosis factor-{alpha}

Transgenic mice overexpressing the inflammatory cytokine TNF-alpha in the heart develop a progressive heart failure syndrome characterized by biventricular dilatation, decreased ejection fraction, decreased survival compared with non-transgenic littermates, and earlier pathology in males. TNF-alpha mice (TNF1.6) develop atrial arrhythmias on ambulatory telemetry monitoring that worsen with age and are more severe in males. We performed in vivo electrophysiological testing in transgenic and control mice, ex vivo optical mapping of voltage in the atria of isolated perfused TNF1.6 hearts, and in vitro studies on isolated atrial muscle and cells to study the mechanisms that lead to the spontaneous arrhythmias. Programmed stimulation induces atrial arrhythmias (n = 8/32) in TNF1.6 but not in control mice (n = 0/37), with a higher inducibility in males. In the isolated perfused hearts, programmed stimulation with single extra beats elicits reentrant atrial arrhythmias (n = 6/6) in TNF1.6 but not control hearts due to slow heterogeneous conduction of the premature beats. Lowering extracellular Ca(2+) normalizes conduction and prevents the arrhythmias. Atrial muscle and cells from TNF1.6 compared with control mice exhibit increased collagen deposition, decreased contractile function, and abnormal systolic and diastolic Ca(2+) handling. Thus abnormalities in action potential propagation and Ca(2+) handling contribute to the initiation of atrial arrhythmias in this mouse model of heart failure.     

Transcription of the {beta}-galactoside {alpha}2,6-sialyltransferase gene in B lymphocytes is directed by a separate and distinct promoter{dagger}

A single human gene, SIAT1, encodes the ß-galactoside     

Characterization of the mRNA for the {alpha}-Amylase from Wheat

Characterization of the mRNA for the -amylase from wheat wasmade by fractionation of the total membrane-bound polysomalRNA and by immunoprecipitation of in vitro synthesized -amylaseby its specific antibody. The content of the mRNA for the -amylasein the membrane-bound polysomal fraction from germinating wheatseeds was estimated as 5–10% of the total mRNA in thisfraction. RNA, separated in high resolution on acid-urea-agarosegels by electrophoresis, was recovered from the gels by a newmethod. Its translation products in rabbit reticulocyte lysateswere analyzed with a specific antibody against -amylase. Thesize of the mRNA for -amylase was estimated as 5.0?10⁵ daltons. ¹ Present address: National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 10,Rm. 9B-15, Bethesda, MD 20205, U.S.A. (Received March 6, 1982; Accepted August 4, 1982)     

Characterization of a novel mucin sulphotransferase activity synthesizing sulphated O-glycan core 1, 3-sulphate-Gal{beta}1-3GalNAc{alpha}-R

A novel sulphotransferase (sulpho-T) activity from rat colonicmucosa was characterized using O-glycan core 1 substrate, Galß1-3GalNAc     

Unique genomic structure and expression of the mouse {alpha}2,8-sialyltransferase (ST8Sia III) gene

The mouse Sia     

Three-dimensional EM structure of the ectodomain of integrin {alpha}V{beta}3 in a complex with fibronectin

Integrins are alphabeta heterodimeric cell surface receptors that mediate transmembrane signaling by binding extracellular and cytoplasmic ligands. The ectodomain of integrin alphaVbeta3 crystallizes in a bent, genuflexed conformation considered to be inactive (unable to bind physiological ligands in solution) unless it is fully extended by activating stimuli. We generated a stable, soluble complex of the Mn(2+)-bound alphaVbeta3 ectodomain with a fragment of fibronectin (FN) containing type III domains 7 to 10 and the EDB domain (FN7-EDB-10). Transmission electron microscopy and single particle image analysis were used to determine the three-dimensional structure of this complex. Most alphaVbeta3 particles, whether unliganded or FN-bound, displayed compact, triangular shapes. A difference map comparing ligand-free and FN-bound alphaVbeta3 revealed density that could accommodate the RGD-containing FN10 in proximity to the ligand-binding site of beta3, with FN9 just adjacent to the synergy site binding region of alphaV. We conclude that the ectodomain of alphaVbeta3 manifests a bent conformation that is capable of stably binding a physiological ligand in solution.     

Molecular Cloning and Characterization of a cDNA for the {alpha} Subunit of a G Protein from Rice

We report the isolation of a cDNA for the     

Molecular mimicry in the recognition of glycosphingolipids by Gal{alpha}3Gal{beta}4GlcNAc{beta}-binding Clostridium difficile toxin A, human natural anti {alpha}-galactosyl IgG and the monoclonal antibody Gal-13: characterization of a binding-active human glycosphingolipid, non-identical with the animal receptor

Glycoconjugates with terminal Gal     

Genomic characterization of the filamentous integrative bacteriophages {phi}RSS1 and {phi}RSM1, which infect Ralstonia solanacearum

The genomic DNA sequences were determined for two filamentous integrative bacteriophages, phiRSS1 and phiRSM1, of the phytopathogen Ralstonia solanacearum. The 6,662-base sequence of phiRSS1 contained 11 open reading frames (ORFs). In the databases, this sequence showed high homology (95% identity) to the circular double-stranded DNA plasmid pJTPS1 (6,633 bp) isolated from a spontaneously occurring avirulent mutant of R. solanacearum. Two major differences between the two sequences were observed within phiRSS1 ORF7, corresponding to pIII, a minor coat protein required for host adsorption, and at the phiRSS1 intergenic (IG) region. The 9,004-base sequence of phiRSM1 showed 12 ORFs located on the same strand (plus strand) and 2 ORFs on the opposite strand. Compared with Ff-type phages, two insertions are obvious in the phiRSM1 replication module. Genomic DNA fragments containing the phiRSM integration junctions were cloned and sequenced from phiRSM lysogenic strain R. solanacearum MAFF211270. The att core sequence was identified as 5'-TGGCGGAGAGGGT-3', corresponding to the 3' end of the serine tRNA (UCG) gene. Interestingly, ORF14, located next to the attP site on the phiRSM1 genome, showed high amino acid sequence homology with bacterial DNA recombinases and resolvases, different from XerCD recombinases. attP of phiRSS1 is within a sequence element of the IG region.     

Part of the Lysyl Residues in Wheat {alpha}-Amylase is Methylated as N-{varepsilon}-Trimethyl Lysine

Amino acid analyses of wheat -amylase purified from germinatingseeds by affinity chromatography showed a high content of amodified lysyl residue. The modified residue was identifiedas N--trimethyl lysine. The presence of trimethyl lysine in-amylase is discussed in terms of isozymes. ¹ Present address: National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 10,Rm. 9B-15, Bethesda, MD 20205, U.S.A. (Received August 20, 1981; Accepted March 19, 1982)