共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
2.
Foteini Spagopoulou Mozes P.K. Blom 《Evolution; international journal of organic evolution》2018,72(5):1186-1188
Can variation in sex‐specific parental investment lead to sexual dimorphism in immune response? Keller et al. (2018) measured immune cell parameters, expression of candidate genes, and composition of buccal microbiota in mouthbrooding cichlid species from Lake Tanganyika that show either maternal or biparental care. They found that maternal mouthbrooding species have increased sexual dimorphism in immune parameters, while biparental mouthbrooders exhibit an upregulated adaptive immune response, suggesting resource allocation shifts between parental investment and the immune system. 相似文献
3.
William Yeung 《Evolution; international journal of organic evolution》2019,73(12):2538-2539
Sexual selection is hypothesized to be a driver of the evolution of cognitive ability. Baur et al. manipulated the strength of sexual selection in seed beetles subjected to enforced mating systems over 35 generations, and then quantified cognitive ability in males and females. Stronger sexual selection led to increased cognitive ability in males, but not females, when each performed a task requiring spatial orientation. Standing genetic variation, presumably maintained by balancing selection, is thought to have facilitated this rapid, sex‐specific evolution. 相似文献
4.
Peishu Li 《Evolution; international journal of organic evolution》2020,74(9):2172-2173
Do frog limb shapes reflect microhabitat use against the backdrop of shared ancestry, body size variation, and developmental constraints? Stepanova and Womack found that when phylogeny and body size are controlled, microhabitat use is a key factor in explaining anuran limb evolution. The shape of distal limb elements in anuran limbs also evolves at a higher rate than proximal elements, suggesting that a relaxation of developmental constraints in distal elements may be shared across tetrapod limb development. 相似文献
5.
Sergio E. Ramos 《Evolution; international journal of organic evolution》2020,74(8):1874-1876
How do emergent properties of natural plant communities affect floral evolution? In this issue, Eisen et al. explored this question by studying selection on floral traits in natural communities of Clarkia species. They found that two community properties, namely congeneric species richness and floral density (of conspecifics and heterospecifics), influenced the patterns of selection, although not through the expected means of pollinator-mediated selection. Instead, the authors suggest that additional factors like competition and facilitation between plants are responsible. The results support the hypothesis that, beside pollinators, other factors of the community context can also determine floral evolution. 相似文献
6.
7.
Kwan Lung Elroy Au 《Evolution; international journal of organic evolution》2018,72(7):1529-1530
In this issue, Yeh et al. (2018) investigated whether sexual imprinting could act as an assortative mating mechanism, reducing hybridization and increasing premating isolation. While they indeed find that imprinting leads to assortative mating and reduced hybridization, the strength at which imprinting evolves is usually intermediate, because it is counterbalanced by the costs of imprinting and the benefits of adaptive hybridization. Thus, while sexual imprinting can act as an assortative mating mechanism, it is often not the sole element of female mate choice. 相似文献
8.
William Yeung 《Evolution; international journal of organic evolution》2021,75(1):202-203
Sexual dimorphism can cause sexual antagonism of phenotypic traits. Lund‐Hansen and colleagues (2020) investigated female‐limited X chromosome evolution in Drosophila melanogaster using forced matrilineal inheritance. Body size and developmental time evolved toward their female optima, but reproductive fitness and locomotion remained unchanged. These findings imply that some sexually antagonized loci may be distributed across the genome and that some phenotypes may have already reached their female optima in nature. 相似文献
9.
Vanessa Zak 《Evolution; international journal of organic evolution》2020,74(2):506-507
Cycloramphus and Zachaenus Neotropical frogs breed in rocky streams (saxicolous breeding) or in terrestrial environments. In their recent work, de Sá et al. investigate shifts between these habitats and the impact that these shifts have on body size and sexual size dimorphism (SSD). The researchers found that terrestrial breeding evolved on three occasions. Additionally, there was an association between habitat and SSD, with decreases in male body size correlating with shifts toward terrestrial breeding. 相似文献
10.
David Peede 《Evolution; international journal of organic evolution》2020,74(7):1568-1569
Female mate preference for males displaying costly traits is a puzzling phenomenon found in nature. Fisher was the first to propose a formal model describing this paradoxical system of sexual selection. Despite the many models constructed from his theory, much remains unknown about its mechanics, especially in different genetic settings. Through simulations, Veller et al. compared population dynamics between haploids and diploids and found that Fisherian sexual selection acts differently on diploids compared to haploids due to linkage mechanisms. 相似文献
11.
12.
13.
Digest: Disentangled bank: Less diverse urban environments modify the shape and magnitude of natural selection* 下载免费PDF全文
Glen R. Hood Linyi Zhang Scott P. Egan 《Evolution; international journal of organic evolution》2018,72(9):1972-1973
Urbanization provides a natural experiment for biologists to test how anthropogenic environmental change affects evolution in real time and frames predictions for anticipated evolutionary outcomes worldwide. Start et al. ( 2018 ) found that changes in species interactions (herbivore abundance and avian predation) along urbanization gradients predictably alter the shape and magnitude of natural selection on gall size (a defensive trait), suggesting that rapid global environmental change can alter species interactions, which may have foreseeable evolutionary consequences. 相似文献
14.
15.
Sonia Singhal 《Evolution; international journal of organic evolution》2020,74(1):207-209
For bacteria growing in colonies, spatial structure can allow maintenance of costly traits such as the production of antibiotics. Using spatially structured environments, Westhoff et al. examined the benefits of streptomycin production for the bacterium Streptomyces griseus in competition with a streptomycin-susceptible strain. Streptomyces griseus outcompeted susceptible competitors, but the benefit of its antibiotic decreased as competitor resistance to streptomycin increased. Spatial structure also increased the ability of S. griseus to invade susceptible competitor populations from low starting densities. These results demonstrate that spatially structured environments can both provide and amplify benefits of antibiotics to antibiotic-producing bacteria on a microbial scale. 相似文献
16.
Lucas Khodaei 《Evolution; international journal of organic evolution》2020,74(2):504-505
Behaviors are often influenced by both ecology and genetics. Perez et al. tested whether display patterns and the ecology of different species of fiddler crabs influence synchronous waving and whether this a phylogenetic phenomenon. They found that there was no phylogenetic signal in wave display synchronicity, and suggested that signal structure, microhabitat complexity, and different mating systems might instead be the cause. These results support the non-phylogenetic nature of synchronicity that can be observed across animal taxa. 相似文献
17.
Spencer J. Ingley 《Evolution; international journal of organic evolution》2019,73(5):1055-1056
Did the remarkable helicopter damselflies (family Pseudostigmatidae) evolve their unique feeding and oviposition behaviors independently on two continents? In this issue, Toussaint et al. use molecular phylogenetic approaches to provide convincing evidence that these “forest giants” are in fact an example of ecomorphological convergence across the Atlantic Ocean. 相似文献
18.
Adrin Villastrigo 《Evolution; international journal of organic evolution》2019,73(12):2542-2543
Biological diversity is not equally distributed across the Tree of Life, and the causes are not yet well defined. Nakov et al. investigate this by exploring the reasons behind diatoms’ uneven species richness across different environments. Simple traits are not enough to fully understand the variation in diatoms’ species richness. Therefore, investigating the role of habitat may improve our understanding of biodiversity patterns. 相似文献
19.
20.
Chloé Schmidt Colin J. Garroway 《Evolution; international journal of organic evolution》2018,72(7):1531-1532
Although the theory of how gene flow and genetic drift interact with local adaptation is well understood, few empirical studies have examined this process. Hämälä et al. (2018) present evidence that adaptive divergence between populations of Arabidopsis lyrata can persist in the face of relatively high levels of gene flow and drift. Maintaining divergence despite gene flow and drift has important implications for understanding adaptive responses of populations in response to human‐driven environmental change. 相似文献