定量检测囊性纤维化跨膜传导调节因子BA-ELISA方法的建立与评价

目的:建立一种定量检测囊性纤维化跨膜传导调节因子(CFTR)的生物素-亲和素ELISA(BA-ELISA)方法并评价其可靠性。方法:优选设计CFTR三个表位的大肠杆菌表达抗原,免疫新西兰白兔获得CFTR多克隆抗体,用纯化后的抗体包被酶标板,并用生物素对其标记,从人精子提取CFTR作为抗原,用辣根过氧化物酶偶联的亲和素检测,优化两种抗体浓度及实验参数,建立可定量检测CFTR蛋白的双抗体夹心BA-ELISA方法;用临床精子标本评估所建立方法的重复性、特异性等。结果:CFTR包被抗体和生物素化CFTR抗体最适浓度分别为4μg/ml和10μg/ml,最佳封闭液为1%BSA-PBST,抗原与包被抗体最佳反应时间60 min,底物显色最佳时间15 min。批内、批间变异系数分别为2.16%~9.23%和2.29%~11.71%,包被的CFTR抗体与精子胞浆蛋白无交叉反应,最低检出下限为0.15 ng/ml,标准反应曲线具有良好的线性关系R2=0.962。结论:成功创建了定量检测CFTR蛋白的ELISA方法,具有特异性强、灵敏度高等特点。     

重组扁豆过敏原Len c 1表达纯化及免疫活性鉴定

目的:纯化重组扁豆过敏原Len c 1(rLen c 1)并进行免疫活性鉴定。方法:通过原核表达的方式生产rLen c 1,然后采用亲和层析的方法纯化带有Strep II标签的目的蛋白。将BALB/c小鼠随机分为对照组(注射生理盐水)和过敏原致敏组(注射rLen c 1),通过腹腔注射方式免疫小鼠,建立BALB/c小鼠扁豆致敏模型,利用间接ELISA法检测血清总IgE和过敏原特异性IgE,鉴定重组扁豆过敏原的免疫活性。结果:IPTG成功诱导Len c 1蛋白表达,rLen c 1蛋白主要以包涵体形式表达,通过透析复性和亲和层析获得纯化的复性扁豆过敏原蛋白rLen c 1,成功建立小鼠致敏模型。和对照组相比,致敏组小鼠TIgE及过敏原特异性IgE水平均明显增高,结论:获得纯化的具有免疫活性的rLen c 1过敏原蛋白,为扁豆过敏机制研究、单克隆抗体的制备、以及临床诊断和免疫治疗奠定基础。     

结核分枝杆菌抗体双抗原夹心ELISA检测方法的建立及初步应用

目的:建立2种结核分枝杆菌(Mtb)抗体的双抗原夹心ELISA检测方法,并初步评价其在Mtb血清学临床辅助诊断中的应用价值。方法:采用Mtb融合抗原38k D+ESAT6+CFP10作为包被抗原,分别以辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)和生物素(Bio)标记的38k D+ESAT6+CFP10作为标记抗原,建立2种Mtb双抗原夹心ELISA法,即HRP-ELISA法和Bio-ELISA法;采用所建立的2种方法对结核患者和健康对照血清进行检测。结果:经过一系列的反应条件优化,确定HRP-ELISA法和Bio-ELISA法的最佳抗原包被浓度分别为2、0.25μg/m L,最适加样量均为100μL血清原液,最佳标记抗原稀释率分别为1∶500、1∶2000,检测的灵敏度分别为43.66%、52.11%,特异性均为100%。结论:建立了2种Mtb双抗原夹心ELISA法,它们均适用于Mtb血清学的临床辅助诊断。     

双抗体夹心ELISA法测定残余汉逊酵母菌体蛋白含量的研究

目的 通过免疫白兔和小鼠获得抗汉逊酵母菌体全蛋白血清,建立测定残余宿主汉逊酵母菌体蛋白含量的双抗体夹心ELISA的方法.方法 由免疫动物得到抗血清,分别作为包被抗体和检测抗体,通过方阵滴定实验确定双抗体夹心ELISA最佳条件.结果 获得的兔、小鼠抗血清经间接ELISA检测效价均达到1:10000.作为包被抗体小鼠抗血清的最佳包被浓度为10 μg/ml,在30～500 ng/ml范围内测定呈直线关系,相关系数为0.9985.可用于测定基因工程产品中汉逊酵母菌体蛋白的残余量.     

抗Trx单克隆抗体用于血吸虫病诊断的研究

目的：建立双抗体夹心ELISA 法检测日本血吸虫硫氧还蛋白（Thioredoxin,Trx）。方法：用重组日本血吸虫Trx（rTrx）蛋白免疫BALB/c 小鼠,筛选高滴度、高特异性的单克隆抗体建立双抗体夹心ELISA法。通过检测日本血吸虫排泄- 分泌物（excretorysecretions,ES）与rTrx的浓度评价该方法的敏感性;通过对健康人血清的检测确定其特异性;通过对布氏姜片吸虫病、华支睾吸虫病、卫氏并殖吸虫病、囊虫病患者血清进行交叉反应试验,评价该方法的特异性。结果：获得2 株稳定分泌抗rTrx 蛋白单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株,命名为McTrx1 和McTrx2。以McTrx1 为包被抗体,HRP-McTrx2 为酶标抗体,建立的双抗体夹心ELISA 可检测出ES的最低浓度为4.8 μg/ml,检测出rTrx 的最低浓度为1.2 滋g/ml。该方法的特异性为96 %。结论：以抗rTrx 蛋白单克隆抗体McTrx1 与McTrx2为基础建立的双抗体夹心ELISA 法具有较高的特异性。     

抗 Trx 单克隆抗体用于血吸虫病诊断的研究 *

摘要 目的： 建立双抗体夹心 ELISA 法检测日本血吸虫硫氧还蛋白 （Thioredoxin,Trx ）。方法： 用重组日本血吸虫 Trx （rTrx ） 蛋白免 疫 BALB/c 小鼠, 筛选高滴度、 高特异性的单克隆抗体建立双抗体夹心 ELISA 法。通过检测日本血吸虫排泄 - 分泌物 （ excretorysecretions,ES ） 与 rTrx 的浓度评价该方法的敏感性; 通过对健康人血清的检测确定其特异性; 通过对布氏姜片吸虫病、 华支睾吸虫 病、 卫氏并殖吸虫病、 囊虫病患者血清进行交叉反应试验, 评价该方法的特异性。 结果： 获得 2 株稳定分泌抗 rTrx 蛋白单克隆抗体 的杂交瘤细胞株, 命名为 McTrx1 和 McTrx2。以 McTrx1 为包被抗体, HRP-McTrx2 为酶标抗体, 建立的双抗体夹心 ELISA 可检 测出 ES 的最低浓度为 4.8 μg/ml, 检测出 rTrx 的最低浓度为 1.2 μg/ml。 该方法的特异性为 96%。 结论： 以抗 rTrx 蛋白单克隆抗体 McTrx1 与 McTrx2 为基础建立的双抗体夹心 ELISA 法具有较高的特异性。     

检测猪丹毒杆菌抗体重组SpaA ELISA的建立

【目的】利用表达纯化的猪丹毒杆菌表面保护性蛋白SpaA,建立检测猪丹毒杆菌抗体的间接ELISA方法。【方法】克隆扩增猪丹毒杆菌SpaA基因,并将SpaA基因与原核表达载体p GEX-6P-1连接,通过PCR、双酶切及测序鉴定后,将阳性重组质粒转化入受体菌E.coli Rosetta(DE3),并利用IPTG进行诱导表达,SDS-PAGE和Western blot鉴定表达产物。将SpaA重组蛋白按不同浓度包被酶标板,通过方阵滴定法确定最佳抗原包被浓度及血清稀释度,并对其他条件进行优化,最终建立检测猪丹毒杆菌抗体的间接ELISA方法。【结果】利用克隆表达的猪丹毒杆菌SpaA蛋白作抗原,通过方阵滴定法确定蛋白最佳包被浓度为1.0 mg/L,血清的最佳稀释度为1:100,建立了检测猪丹毒杆菌抗体的间接ELISA方法,批内及批间变异系数均小于10%,具有较好的重复性及特异性。用建立的间接ELISA方法检测猪丹毒疫苗免疫后的健康猪血清样品,检测结果与美国TSZ公司猪丹毒杆菌抗体检测试剂盒和Western blot鉴定结果进行对比,两者总符合率分别为92.20%、92.59%。【结论】试验利用原核表达的SpaA重组蛋白作抗原建立的检测猪丹毒杆菌抗体的间接ELISA方法,特异性强、重复性好、敏感性高,可用于猪丹毒杆菌的抗体检测及流行病学调查。     

小反刍兽疫病毒H蛋白抗体化学发光免疫分析检测方法的建立

本研究旨在建立小反刍兽疫病毒H蛋白抗体的化学发光免疫分析检测方法。以H蛋白4个反应原性较好的B细胞表位串联后为检测抗原,在确定抗原包被量和血清稀释度,优化血清和酶标二抗反应时间的基础上,用ROC曲线分析确定检测临界值,建立了小反刍兽疫病毒H蛋白抗体化学发光免疫分析检测方法,然后对该方法进行敏感性、特异性和重复性评价。结果显示,建立的小反刍兽疫病毒H蛋白抗体化学发光免疫分析检测方法最佳抗原包被浓度为1.5×10^-6μg/孔,待检血清最佳稀释度为1∶100;血清及酶标二抗孵育时间均为10 min,检测方法的临界值为S/P=9.77%,批内及批间变异系数均小于10%;与口蹄疫、羊痘、蓝舌病及山羊传染性胸膜肺炎阳性血清不发生交叉反应;用建立的化学发光法和市售小反刍兽疫抗体cELISA试剂盒平行检测247份田间血清,两者相对符合率为94.33%,但化学发光法敏感性更高。研究结果表明,建立的小反刍兽疫病毒H蛋白抗体化学发光免疫分析方法灵敏、特异、稳定,可用于田间血清样品小反刍兽疫抗体检测。     

基于亲和素-生物素双夹心体系测定外源性蛋白血清动态浓度的非抗体依赖新方法

建立一种非抗体依赖的检测外源性蛋白多肽分子代谢动力学血清浓度及动态变化的新方法．链亲和素为捕获分子,加入待测生物素标记蛋白或合成肽,辣根过氧化物酶标记链亲和素为检测分子,构成链亲和素-生物素标记大分子-酶链亲和素的双夹心体系,并进行特异性、敏感性、准确性及稳定性评价．本检测体系灵敏度高,可达0.3125 μg/L,且可通过改变亲和素包被浓度调整检出敏感度与检测范围．准确性回收率为97.82%～107.92%,批内、批间变异系数分别< 5.76% 和< 8.42%,并成功应用在生物素标记人血清白蛋白(biotin-HSA)与生物素标记鸡卵黏蛋白(biotin-OVM)的小鼠血清浓度动态检测．本方法不依赖抗体与放射性核素,可望在外源性蛋白多肽大分子及其药物的体内定量检测和代谢动力学研究中广泛应用．     

猪嵴病毒结构蛋白VP0与VP1原核表达及间接ELISA方法的建立

分别建立基于猪嵴病毒(PKV)结构蛋白VP0与VP1的间接ELISA检测方法。对PKV结构蛋白VP0与VP1的基因进行合成并连接至原核表达载体pET-32a后,转入感受态细胞BL21中,用IPTG诱导表达的重组蛋白经Ni柱纯化后,分别以重组蛋白pET-32a-VP0与pET-32a-VP1作为包被抗原,采用棋盘滴定法建立两种间接ELISA检测方法,并进行重复性、敏感性、特异性实验和临床检测。结果显示重组蛋白pET-32a-VP0与pET-32a-VP1抗原的最佳包被浓度分别为2 mg/mL和2.5 mg/mL,反应条件均为37℃、1 h;封闭液最佳条件为5%脱脂乳,37℃、2 h;血清最佳孵育条件为1∶200,37℃、1 h;二抗最佳孵育条件分别为1∶20 000和1∶15 000,37℃、1 h;最佳显色时间为10 min,两种间接ELISA检测方法临界值分别为0.306和0.277。试验结果表明本研究成功建立了能够有效检测PKV血清特异性抗体的间接ELISA方法,且方法具有重复性好、敏感性高、特异性强、稳定性好等特点,对今后PKV的临床诊断及抗体检测试剂盒的开发奠定了重要基础。     

Characteristics of the membranes of the pellicle of the ciliatePseudomicrothorax dubius

Summary The membranes of the pellicle of the ciliatePseudomicrothorax dubius are investigated using thin section electron microscopy and freeze-fracture replicas. The plasma membrane is covered by a surface coat and is connected to the outer alveolar membrane by short, sometimes branched, bridges. The inner alveolar membrane is coated on both sides. The epiplasm lies in intimate contact with the cytoplasmic surface of this membrane, and there is a corresponding deposit on the other surface. This deposit is regularly striated.The epiplasmic layer and the alveoli are interrupted at sites of cytotic activity,e.g., the attachment sites of trichocysts, the cytoproct, and the parasomal sacs. The striated deposit ends where the epiplasm ends, indicating a direct relationship between these two epimembranous layers.There is a deposit along the sides of the first part of the tip of the trichocysts, and in this region the trichocyst membrane is free of intramembranous particles.The membrane of the parasomal sacs has a coat on both surfaces. That on the extraplasmic surface is similar to the surface coat of the plasma membrane. The origin of the cytoplasmic coat is unknown. The cytotic activity of these sacs is indicated by their highly irregular profiles.     

The early development of the tail and the transformation of the shape of the nucleus of the spermatid of the domestic fowl,Gallus gallus

Summary The differentiation of the spermatid, especially in reference to the formation of the flagellum, and transformation of the shape of the nucleus was investigated in the domestic fowl.In the early stage of the spermatid, a prominent Golgi apparatus appears around the centrioles. The Golgi vesicles then surround the axial-filament complex which develops from the distal centriole. These vesicles fuse to form continuous membrane at the earliest stage of flagellar formation, and in the succeeding stage Golgi lamellae are attached to the plasma membrane of the developing flagellum. From these observations, it is assumed that Golgi apparatus may be a source of the membrane system of the flagellum.The microtubules distributed around the nucleus form the circular manchette. The anterior region of the nucleus with the manchette is cylindrical in shape and the posterior region without it remains irregular in shape. When the circular manchette has been completed, the whole nucleus acquires a slender cylindrical shape. The circular manchette then changes into the longitudinal manchette. The nuclei of spermatids without a longitudinal manchette are abnormal in shape. In view of these observations it is assumed that the nuclear shaping of the spermatid may be accomplished by circular manchette and the maintenance of shape of the elongated nucleus by longitudinal manchette.The authors wish to thank Mr. Takayuki Mori for his helpful suggestions and technical advices     

Characterization of the composition of the aqueous humor and the vitreous body of the eye of the frog Rana temporaria L

This study aimed to analyze the aqueous humor (AH) and the vitreous body (VB) of the eye of the adult frog Rana temporaria L. as a representative species of amphibians, which lead a semi-terrestrial life. The presence of collagen, albumin, uric acid and electron donors was shown in both media; however, there are slight differences in their concentrations. To determine collagen, a spectral-fluorescent probe, cyanine dye, was used. The presence of collagen in AH of the frog was found at the first time. The total content of electron donors (ascorbic and uric acids, tryptophan, and tyrosine) in VB and HA was roughly estimated at ~ 1.5 × 10^− 4 mol/L. Both VB and AH absorb light in similar UV regions. The total protein and albumin contents in AH were found to be somewhat higher than those in VB. The uric acid content was at an equally low level in both intraocular media. It is supposed that the similarity of VB and AH compositions shown in this work is due to some exchange between VB and AH contents in the course of accommodation. The role of intraocular fluids in physiological functions of the eye and in protecting the retina against UV light is discussed.     

Observations on the permeability of the choriocapillaris of the eye

Summary The choriocapillaris is a fenestrated capillary bed located posterior to the retinal pigment epithelium. It serves as the main source of supply to the photoreceptors, retinal pigment epithelium, and other cells of the outer retina. The permeability of these capillaries to intravenously injected ferritin (MW — approx. 480,000; mol. diam. 11 nm) was examined in the mouse, rabbit, and guinea pig, each of which is characterized by a different type of retinal vascularization. In all three species, the bulk of the ferritin remained in the capillary lumina, where it appeared to be blocked at the level of the diaphragmed fenestrae. Some ferritin was present in endothelial cell vacuoles. The results confirm previous work on the rat choriocapillaris and indicate that the barrier function of the choriocapillary endothelium is present even among species in which the retinal circulation differs significantly.Supported by NIH grant EY03418