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-Hadihalilovi Aida Ajanovi Zurifa Hasanbegovi Ilvana ljuka Senad Rakanovi-Todi Maida Aganovi Izeta Maleki Kapo Sanita Hadiselimovi Rifat 《Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences》2020,27(12):3415-3420
Sex differences are present in all parts of the body, including the skeletal system. Several methods are used to analyze the sex differences of skeleton, while more recently, a new method called geometric morphometry has been used. The aim of this study was to examine the sexual dimorphism of occipital condyles on human skulls originating from the population of Bosnia and Herzegovina using the geometric morphometric method.Material and methodsThe study was conducted on 214 human skulls of known gender from Bosnian population. For analysis of sexual dimorphism of occipital condyles, we used geometric morphometry, where all the skulls were scanned to obtain three-dimensional skull models. On the obtained models, we marked anthropometric points on occipital condyles in a Landmark Editor program from which we exported data in the form NTSYS file and analyzed it in MorphoJ program.ResultsFirst principal component PC1 describes 26.917% of total variability, the second principal component PC2 describes 20.992% of total variability, while the first eight principal components together describe 100% of total variability. The greatest variability between the male skulls and female skulls was present in the anterior-posterior diameter (length of occipital condyles). Discriminant functional analysis of the shape and size of the occipital condyles was possible with 69.50% accuracy for male skulls and with 60.27% accuracy for female skulls. The size of the occipital condyles showed a statistically significant effect on sexual determination. Discriminant functional analysis of the shape of the occipital condyles without affecting size enabled the determination of gender with with 65.96% accuracy for male skulls and with 63.01% accuracy for female skulls.ConclusionAnalysis of sexual dimorphism of occipital condyles using geometric morphometry showed statistically significant differences in the shape and size of occipital condyles between the sexes. The accuracy of sex determination based on occipital condyles was higher for male gender. 相似文献
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《Plains anthropologist》2013,58(38):386-395
AbstractCraniometric data is presented for two series of skulls.In the year 193 5 a joint anthropological survey undertaken by Columbia University and the University Museum of the University of Pennsylvania uncovered 29 human skulls on the Guajira Peninsula of Colombia-Venezuela (Fig. 1) during research sponsored by the Latin-American Institute. The members of the expedition included: Dr. Vincenzo Petrullo, field director, and Mr. Lewis Korn, archeologist. Other members were Dr. Paul Kirchoff, Mrs. Hanna Kirchoff, Mrs. Gwyneth Browne Harrington, and Miss Lydia duPont. The skeletal material obtained by this expedition has been measured by Agogino, 1 and the results are presented in this paper.The skeletal material for this study was divided into two major groups; the 35-30 series from Valera, Venezuela, and the 35-32 series from Cuzi, Venezuela. With the exception of three skulls, these two series were used for our calculations of means and for comparisons with other South American skull series. 相似文献
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《Plains anthropologist》2013,58(85):249-253
AbstractComparison of the populations of four Panhandle Aspect sites (Alibates, Antelope Creek, Matthews Ranch, Footprint) using 28 non-metric traits of the skulls indicates generally close similarity among them, but the Panhandle groups show little similarity to Upper Republican. Antelope Creek and Matthews Ranch show some resemblance to the Fort Coffee skulls of the Fulton Aspect. The same two Panhandle site samples also resemble the Washita River people. Footpnnt is even more similar to Washita River. 相似文献
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John E.C. Flux 《New Zealand journal of zoology.》2013,40(2):257-259
Abstract Of 140 skulls, 11 (7.9%) had one or both M3s reduced or missing. Males and females were affected, in both the North Island and the South Island. 相似文献
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《Plains anthropologist》2013,58(30):233-239
AbstractA study was made of 358 skulls (255 Arikara from a single burial area) visually and with X-rays looking for evidence of disease in and about the ears with special reference to infection and OTOSCLEROSIS with fixation of the stapes footplate. No stapes fixation was found. X-rays showed altered mastoid cell development in 139 of 255 ears (55o/o). Osteomas were found in l 7 external auditory canals of ll individuals (3. Oo/o). 相似文献
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Cino Pertoldi Lasse Fast Jensen Aage Kristian Olsen Alstrup Ole Lajord Munk Trine Bæk Pedersen Christian Sonne Rune Dietz Tobias Daugaard-Petersen Hanne Ellen Kortegaard Morten Tange Olsen Karin Charlotte Hårding Trine Hammer Jensen 《Acta theriologica》2018,63(1):55-63
Harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) inhabit the seas surrounding Denmark and are an important top predator in the marine food chain. This trophic position exposes them to environmental contaminants with disease epidemics and hunting being additional threats to this population. It is therefore important to study how environmental pollution at the current order of magnitude affects the health of the population. Earlier studies have shown that occurrence of periodontitis could be linked to the amount of pollution the seals were subjected to. In order to investigate this further, 380 skulls and 141 mandibles of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) from the Wadden Sea, the Limfjord, and Kattegat collected during the period 1970–2014 were examined. The skulls were examined for pathological lesions. The Hounsfield Units (HU) which are correlated to the bone mineral density (BMD) were measured in a subsample (n = 34) using CT scans. The macroscopic examination revealed (with the exception of the Swedish part of Kattegat) a significant increase of pathological lesions over the study period of 1981–2014. The examination of HU showed that median HU measured at multiple sites was highest in the healthy skulls compared to the skulls with one or more of the lesions. A discriminant analysis allowed high discriminatory capacity to separate healthy skulls from the skulls with pathologies, simply by the utilization of the HU data. Former studies of BMD in marine mammals have shown that exposure to environmental chemicals alter BMD and cause periodontitis. The present study, based on temporal and spatial trends in BMD, confirms the results of previous studies. 相似文献
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目的 对二级以上医疗机构疾病预防控制等公共卫生工作现况进行评估。方法 对全国10个省163家医院进行二级以上医疗机构公共卫生工作开展基本情况调查和人员基本情况调查的问卷调查;对全国34个省、自治区、直辖市和新疆生产建设兵团进行函调以及对浙江、河南、辽宁和甘肃4个省进行实地调研。结果(1)医疗机构应承担的公共卫生职能与落实情况相差甚远。(2)医疗机构从事公共卫生工作积极性不高。(3)医疗机构在公共卫生工作中接受多个部门管理,但在工作中缺乏协调。结论(1)弥合临床医疗服务体系与公共卫生体系的割裂状态。(2)增强医疗机构从事公共卫生工作积极性。(3)加强督察考核,促进公共卫生工作的落实。 相似文献
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W. Von Herre 《Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research》1990,28(2):137-151
Studies on skulls of goldfishes (Carassius gibelio f. auratus) The aim of the study is to analse skulls of some races of goldfish, the domesticated form of Carassius gibelio Bloch, 1782. The problem: are changes of these skulls parallelisms to skulls of other domesticated animals originating from different species. Parallelism is a most interesting phenomenon of phylogeny abundant but not regular, very frequent in domesticated animals. Skulls of normal goldfish, of frinetail and tigerhead have been compared. In total the skulls of fringetail and especially tigerhead are broader, higher, stouter, the faceart shortened. Remarkable in detail: the opercula are slender and higher in fringetail and tigerhead than in normal goldfish, the preopercula shortened and their ventral art bended upwards, influencin the position of the mouth. In comparison with normal goldfish the skulls of fringetail and tigerhead have to be classified als parallelisms to skulls of some races of other domesticated secies. Finally: some remarks on parallelism, convergence and pluripotenz and agout modern viewpoints on the relations between genes and complex organismal patterns. 相似文献
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Glenn C. Conroy 《American journal of physical anthropology》1982,57(1):7-12
A discriminant analysis was performed on 226 ceboid skulls using data on emissary foramina size and shape. The purposes of the study are to 1) measure the success with which these discriminating variables can distinguish among platyrrhine genera and 2) derive a set of classification functions which will permit the classification of new cases with unknown group membership (i.e., fossil skulls). This technique is able to correctly classify 80% of the 226 ceboid skulls. Support is given to the allocation of Chiropotes, Cacajao, and Pithecia into one morphologically unified subfamily, Pitheciinae. Alouatta, Ateles, and Lagothrix also share many similarities in emissary foramina size and shape and their inclusion into one subfamily, Atelinae, is probably warranted. The distinctiveness of Cebus in these same morphological features is apparent. Possibilities for extending this procedure to study fossil lineages in platyrrhines are discussed. 相似文献
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《Plains anthropologist》2013,58(88)
AbstractTwelve species of vertebrate animals have been recorded for the Vore Site Local Fauna, Bison being the most common form with estimates of individuals present lying between 15,000 and 25,000 animals. Candidae are the second most common group. Discriminant function analyses performed on the canid skulls has shown them to be part of a local population of wolf Idog hybrids with incipient domestication of that population appearing to be ongoing throughout the occupation of the site. No major shift in ecological zones or species distribution has occurred in the region since the occupation of the site except for those species extripated by the white man. 相似文献
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Abstract A sample of 10 skulls of Vulpes vulpes arabica from the southeastern part of the Sultanate of Oman was investigated craniologically. The measurements fit well into the known datascts of the subspecies. The foxes show the same secondary teeth losses as animals from Europe, but no paradental disease or dental caries. Age structure of the population is more natural than in Europe due to the lower or almost non-existent pressure from human hunting. In relation to the slight seasonal change in climatic conditions, the incremental lines of the tooth cement are more clearly visible than expected. 相似文献
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目的 回顾和总结四川省医院分级管理评审工作,研究医院分级管理评审的发展,探讨医院分级管理评审的新方法。 方法 对四川省开展医院分级管理评审工作以来的资料进行统计和分析,并对相关资料采用EXCEL软件建立数据库,进行统计和归纳,作回顾性描述分析和总结。 结果 四川省在医院分级管理评审工作中坚持标准、兼顾现实、全面考核、突出重点,采用统一数学模型、统一评审程序、统一考核检查程序、统一检查方法和公开评审标准,公开评审程序、公开检查方法的评审方法。有力地推动了四川省医院分级管理评审工作的开展,促进了各级医院的发展,取得了良好的效果。结论 实践证明,四川省采取的“四统一”和“三公开”及坚持“两原则”的评审方法是可行、有效的。 相似文献
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Justine A. Assenga Lucas E. Matemba Shabani K. Muller Ginethon G. Mhamphi Rudovick R. Kazwala 《PLoS neglected tropical diseases》2015,9(3)
BackgroundLeptospirosis is a worldwide zoonotic disease and a serious, under-reported public health problem, particularly in rural areas of Tanzania. In the Katavi-Rukwa ecosystem, humans, livestock and wildlife live in close proximity, which exposes them to the risk of a number of zoonotic infectious diseases, including leptospirosis.ConclusionsThe results of this study demonstrate that leptospiral antibodies are widely prevalent in humans, livestock and wildlife from the Katavi-Rukwa ecosystem. The disease poses a serious economic and public health threat in the study area. This epidemiological study provides information on circulating serogroups, which will be essential in designing intervention measures to reduce the risk of disease transmission. 相似文献
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Jung-Seok Lee Vittal Mogasale Jacqueline K. Lim Mabel Carabali Chukiat Sirivichayakul Dang Duc Anh Kang-Sung Lee Vu Dinh Thiem Kriengsak Limkittikul Le Huu Tho Ivan D. Velez Jorge E. Osorio Pornthep Chanthavanich Luiz J. da Silva Brian A. Maskery 《PLoS neglected tropical diseases》2015,9(6)
BackgroundThe rise in dengue fever cases and the absence of dengue vaccines will likely cause governments to consider various types of effective means for controlling the disease. Given strong public interests in potential dengue vaccines, it is essential to understand the private economic benefits of dengue vaccines for accelerated introduction of vaccines into the public sector program and private markets of high-risk countries.Conclusions/SignificanceKnowing that dengue vaccines are not yet available, our study provides critical information to both public and private sectors. The study results can be used to ensure broad coverage with an affordable price and incorporated into cost benefit analyses, which can inform prioritization of alternative health interventions at the national level. 相似文献
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