关于北京人遗址第13层发现的石制品

关于北京人遗址第13层发现的两件石制品的性质,在中国学术界存在不同意见。本文作者认为:人工打制的石片和石器形式多种多样,有典型的,也有不典型的;自然营力能使石块破碎,甚至“加工”出具有一定形状的“石器”,但同样也是形式多种多样,有典型的和不典型的。对待这类问题,要从多方面去考虑,认识才较为客观,较为全面。     

自发性高血压大鼠中枢5－HT_（1A）受体的特性

本文用放射性配基［３Ｈ］８－ＯＨ－ＤＰＡＴ的结合实验显示,自发性高血大鼠（ＳＨＲ）海马、下丘脑及低位脑干的５－ＨＴ１Ａ受体结合位点数较正常Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠为多,其中以海马最为显著;脑干的５－ＨＴ１Ａ受体虽较正常Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠多,但不太明显。ＳＨＲ下丘脑中５－ＨＴ１Ａ受体除结合位点较正常Ｗｉｓｔａｒ鼠多外,亲和力也有增大。以上结果表明,ＳＨＲ与正常Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠之间各脑区中５－ＨＴ１Ａ受体的差别可能与高血压病的发生有关。     

黄腹角雉的巢址选择

１９９１￣１９９３年，在浙江省乌岩岭自然保护区对黄腹角雉的巢址选择进行了研究。野外工作共发现黄腹角雉巢１５个，其中８０％位于人工柳杉林中，营果树以柳杉为主，占７３．３％。主成分分析表明，影响黄腹角雉巢址选择的主要因素有４种，依次为：营巢树因素（包括营巢树的高度、胸径、巢位高度和巢上方的植被盖度）、地形因素（包括坡向和坡度）、海拔因素和位置因素。     

野生朱()的新繁殖地

朱()(Nipponia nippon)是世界极危物种(CR),现只有一个野生种群,数量60只左右,生活在我国陕西省洋县境内,分布范围极其狭小.     

泥河湾层中新发现一处旧石器地点

半个多世纪以来,在泥河湾层中寻找早更新世时期的人类遗迹,已成为中、外许多科学家非常关心的一个问题。近几年来,在泥河湾村附近,大量古文化遗物从属于下更新统的泥河湾层中发现了。新的发现为旧石器时代考古学和第四纪地质学又增添了新的内容。     

OSCILLATORIA (TRICHODESMIUM) THIEBAUTII (CYANOPHYTA) IN THE CENTRAL NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN12

Physiological rate measurements were made with Oscillatoria thiebautii (Gom.) Geitler in the subtropical north Atlantic Ocean between Spain and Bermuda during May and June of 1975. The near surface C:N fixation ratios averaged 6.5, and the cellular composition ratio was 6.2, suggesting that N₂ fixation is the major path of nitrogenous nutrition for this alga. Compared to other oceanic phytoplankters, it has a low affinity for orthophosphate at oceanic concentrations (k_s= 9.0); however, it has a high potential for utilizing phosphomonoesters (170–300 ng atoms P ·μg chl a^?1· h^?1). Maximal photosynthesis occurred at 450–700 μ Einstein · m^?2· s^?1, and was inhibited by full sunlight. Calculated cell division rates (ca. 180 days) suggest that relative to other phytoplankters in this oceanic region, O. thiebautii must be subjected to negligible grazing pressure. No major differences in C, N, chl a or ATP were observed between the tuft (fusiform) and puff (spherical) colonies. ATP concentrations relative to other cellular constituents varied greatly between colonies, suggesting a general inter-colony physiological variability in the open Atlantic. With increasing depth in the euphotic zone, there was no evidence for chromatic adaption. The observations that O. thiebautii represents only a small fraction of total phytoplankton biomass and that its growth rate is 10–100 times slower than that of the other indigenous phytoplankton, strongly suggest that N₂ fixation by this alga is a virtually insignificant component of the nitrogenous nutrition for the phytoplankton of the North Atlantic central gyre in late Spring.     

南海中央海盆更新世以来浊流沉积层的有孔虫记录及古环境意义

本文研究IODP349航次U1433站岩芯上部0～300m更新世沉积物样品中的有孔虫,目的是寻找深水海盆钙质沉积的证据并探讨其古环境意义。该站位于南海西南次海盆残留扩张脊,水深4 379m。沉积物主要由泥质、砂质及钙质软泥层组成,具明显的深海浊流沉积特征。结合古生物、古地磁和颜色反射率的年龄框架指标,确定本段岩芯年龄为0-2.23Ma,包含氧同位素MIS 1-85期。结果显示,有孔虫丰度变化很大,个体普遍较小、分选好,持续分布差,属典型的远端浊流沉积。不同沉积层之间相对应的有孔虫特征(如丰度和保存情况)不对称,可识别17个浊积层组,标志超冰期尺度的浊流活动大事件。浊积物的源区,主要为南海西北部河流以及南部的巽他陆架和婆罗洲-巴拉望岛以及周围岛礁,而南海东北部和西部陆源区也可能有所供给。远端物源的证据是更新世浊积物含渐新世-中新世浮游有孔虫属种,这些老地层多见于南海北部和东南部陆坡。因此我们推测,U1433站的更新世浊流沉积物,主要来自周边地区,部分原产于北部陆坡,可能以与现代相似的涡流方式被搬运至西南次海盆。     

THE ORGANIZATION OF SYNAPTIC AXOPLASM IN THE LAMPREY (PETROMYZON MARINUS) CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

The fine structure of synapses in the central nervous system of lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) ammocoetes has been investigated. Both synapses within the neuropil and synaptic links between giant fibers (including Müller cells) and small postsynaptic units are described. The distribution of neurofilaments and microtubules in nerve profiles over a wide diameter range is described, and the possible role of these structures in intracellular transport is discussed. Electron micrographs indicate that small lucent "synaptic vesicles" occur sparsely throughout the axoplasm and in regular arrays in association with microtubules in the vicinity of synapses. Within a synaptic focus, immediately adjoining the presynaptic membrane, vesicles are randomly arranged and are not associated with microtubules. Neurofilaments are present, generally in large numbers, but these are not associated with vesicles or other particulates. The structural findings are considered in terms of current concepts of fast and slow transport in neurons and the mechanochemical control of intracellular movement of materials.     

罗氏蚤属在中国首次纪录及一新种记述（蚤目：角叶蚤科）

本文记述罗氏蚤属Rowleyella Lewis,1971一新种——怒江罗氏蚤R. nujiangensis sp. nov.。在新种记述之前,列表比较了罗氏蚤属与其近缘届的鉴别特征。     

河南许昌灵井遗址的晚更新世偶蹄类

系统记述了在近两年从河南省许昌市灵井旧石器遗址出土的偶蹄目化石:李氏野猪(Sus lydekkeri)、更新獐(Hydropotes pleistocenica)、河套大角鹿(Megaloceros ordosianus)、马鹿(Cervus(Elaphus)elaphus)、普氏原羚(Procapra przewalskii)和原始牛(Bos primigenius)6个种。灵井遗址的李氏野猪是这个种最晚的代表,马鹿和原始牛是欧洲晚更新世地层中常见的种类,也是我国北方地区晚更新世地层中的常见种类,这一现象不仅说明了马鹿和原始牛是扩散和适应能力很强的动物,而且还证明了在晚更新世期间欧亚大陆存在着动物群的交流     

中国树栖拟步甲铜树甲属分类研究

对中国及其毗邻地区铜树甲属Ainu Lewis进行了系统整理,描述3新种:A.grandis sp nov(广西),A.angustus sp nov.(广西,四川)和A medogamnussp.nov(西藏墨脱).给出本属已知种目录和检索表.模式标本保存于河北大学博物馆.     

西藏羌塘中部地区Polydiexodina(竹蜓)类动物群

描述了采自西藏羌塘中部地区筵类化石的一部分,计7属13种,分属4科,两超科。其中Polydiexodina5种,含2新种。筵类动物群面貌与Neoschwagerina带相当,确定产Polydiexodina地层的形成时代属中二叠世茅口期。扩大了Polydiexodina的分布范围,为较大区域性地层的划分、对比提供了生物依据,也为研究古生物地理分区提供了新资料。     

inv(5)(p13q13) in a four generation pedigree

A 4 1/2 years old boy was found to have hypoplasia of the pectoralis major right muscle and a karyotype 46,XY,inv(5)(p13q13)mat. This inversion, probably independent of the boy's malformation, was present in at least four generations and it seems neither to impair fertility nor to yield viable recombinants.     

PHYLOGENETIC IMPLICATIONS OF CHLOROPLAST DNA RESTRICTION SITE VARIATION IN THE MUTISIEAE (ASTERACEAE)

Phylogenetic relationships among 13 species in the tribe Mutisieae and a single species from each of three other tribes in the Asteraceae were assessed by chloroplast DNA restriction site mapping. Initially, 211 restriction site mutations were detected among 16 species using 10 restriction enzymes. Examination of 12 of these species using nine more enzymes revealed 179 additional restriction site mutations. Phylogenetic analyses of restriction site mutations were performed using both Dolio and Wagner parsimony, and the resulting monophyletic groups were statistically tested by the bootstrap method. The phylogenetic trees confirm an ancient evolutionary split in the Asteraceae that was previously suggested by the distribution of a chloroplast DNA inversion. The subtribe Barnadesiinae of the tribe Mutisieae is shown to be the ancestral group within the Asteraceae. The molecular phylogenies also confirm the paraphyly of the Mutisieae and provide statistical support for the monophyly of three of its four currently recognized subtribes (Barnadesiinae, Mutisiinae, and Nassauviinae). The fourth subtribe, Gochnatiinae, is shown to be paraphyletic. Within the subtribes, several closely related generic pairs are identified. Chloroplast DNA sequence divergence among genera of the Asteraceae ranges between 0.7 and 5.4%, which is relatively low in comparison to other angiosperm groups. This suggests that the Asteraceae is either a relatively young family or that its chloroplast DNA has evolved at a slower rate than in other families.     

CONGENITAL HYPOMYELINOGENESIS (BORDER DISEASE) OF LAMBS: POSTNATAL NEUROCHEMICAL RECOVERY IN THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

Abstract— In a neurochemical study of experimental Border Disease in lambs it was found that the fresh weights of four parts of the CNS (cerebrum, cerebellum, brain stem and spinal cord) from clinically affected lambs were significantly smaller than those of controls at birth but by 20 weeks of age the cerebrum, cerebellum and brain stem had reached near normal weights. The spinal cord was still considerably smaller, however. Clinical symptoms of the disease (muscular spasms and'hairy'birthcoat) had disappeared during this period, accompanied by a regression in the neurochemical abnormalities seen at birth. Thus the deficiency of myelin lipids was partially made up by the rapid deposition of cerebrosides and by 20 weeks differences in the fatty acid composition of this lipid fraction were no longer apparent. Myelin degeneration as indicated by the presence of elevated levels of esterified cholesterol was apparently absent at 20 weeks of age and this was parallelled by a fall in the level of'anti-myelin'antibodies in the sera of affected lambs. The altered distribution of copper in spinal cord myelin seen at birth had also become nearly normal at the end of the period.     

CHLOROPLAST DNA RESTRICTION SITE VARIATION AND THE PHYLOGENY OF COREOPSIS SECTION COREOPSIS (ASTERACEAE)

Restriction site variation in chloroplast DNAs (cpDNAs) of Coreopsis section Coreopsis was employed to assess divergence and phylogenetic relationships among the nine species of the section. A total of fourteen restriction site mutations and one length mutation was detected. Cladistic analysis of the cpDNA data produced a phylogeny that is different in several respects from previous hypotheses. CpDNA mutations divide the section into two groups, with the two perennial species C. auriculata and C. pubescens lacking any derived restriction site changes. The other seven species are united by five synapomorphic restriction site mutations and the one length mutation. These seven species fall into three unresolved clades consisting of 1) the remaining three perennial species, C. grandiflora, C. intermedia, and C. lanceolata; 2) three annual species, C. basalis, C. nuecensoides, and C. nuecensis; and 3) the remaining annual, C. wrightii. The cpDNA data suggest that, although the perennial habit is primitive within the section, the annual species of section Coreopsis have likely not originated from an extant perennial species. The estimated proportion of nucleotide differences per site (given as 100p) for the cpDNAs of species in the section ranges from 0.00 to 0.20, which is comparable to or lower than values reported for other congeneric species. The low level of cpDNA divergence is concordant with other data, including cross compatibility, interfertility and allozymes, in suggesting that species of the section are not highly divergent genetically.     

海南岛斑舌甲属一新种记述(鞘翅目,拟步甲科,舌甲族)(英文)

记述斑舌甲属1新种,即海南斑舌甲Derispiahainanana sp.nov.,绘制了雄虫头部、前胸背板、鞘翅、足、腹部和阳茎特征图,并提供了体背、腹、侧面照片。模式标本保存于河北大学博物馆。海南斑舌甲,新种Derispia hainanana sp.nov.(图1~13)新种与D.octomaculata(Westwood,1883)在外形上相似,但可通过下列特征与后者区别:该种鞘翅有刻点;鞘翅侧缘由背面观可见基部4/5;阳基基板与阳基侧突近于等宽,基部弯曲,薄片状。正模♂,海南乐东尖峰岭,2006-07-12,王继良采。副模:5♂♂,5♀♀,标本信息同正模。词源:新种种名取自模式标本产地海南。