LignicolousHyphomycetes from Czechoslovakia 5.Septonema,Hormiactella andLylea

Three genera of lignicolousHyphomycetes Septonema Corda,Hormiactella Saac. andLylea Morgan-Jones are discussed. Illustrations and determination keys are provided. Five species ofSeptonema—S. fasciculare (Corda) Hughes,S. leptaleum (Ellis & Harkn.) Hughes,S. pinicola Hol.-Jech.,S. secedens Corda andS. laricium Hol.-Jech.—and two species ofHormiactella—H. fusca (Preuss) Sacc. andH. asetosa Hol.-Jech.—have been found in Czechoslovakia. A new speciesS. pseudobinum Hol.-Jech. is described from Romania.Septonema tetracoilum (Corda Hughes is accommodated in the genusLylea Morgan-Jones.     

LignicolousHyphomycetes from Czechoslovakia 6.Spadicoides andDiplococcium

Seventeen species belonging toSpadicoides Hughes andDiplococcium Grove collected in Central Europe mostly in Czechoslovakia are described and illustrated. Two new species are described inSpadicoides—S. carpatica Hol.-Jech.,S. penatium Hol.-Jech. and three new species inDiplococcium—D. bicolor Hol.-Jech.,D. insolitum Hol.-Jech. andD. parcum,Hol.-Jech.     

Zur Syntaxonomie der natürlichen nitrophilen Saumgesellschaften in der Tschechoslowakei und zur Gliederung der KlasseGalio-Urticetea

In der vorgelegten Arbeit wird die syntaxonomische Problematik der natürlichen und naturnahen nitrophilen Saumgesellschaften der VerbändeConvolvulion sepium Tx. exOberd. 49 undPetasition officinalis Sillinger 33 em.Kopecký hoc loco gelöst. Die zönologische Charakteristik beider Verbände erforderte bestimmte Änderungen in der Abgrenzung der übergeordneten Vegetationseinheiten: Die Aufteilung der ursprünglichen KlasseArtemisietea vulgaris Lohm., Prsg. etTx. 50 ist unvermeidlich. Die nitrophilen Gesellschaften auf feuchten bis frischen Böden, die früher zusammen mit den ökologisch und zönologisch sehr abweichenden Ruderalgesellschaften der OrdnungOnopordetalia Br.-Bl. etTx. 43 em.Görs 66 in die KlasseArtemisietea vulgaris eingereiht wurden, sind neu in die genügend abgegrenzte KlasseGalio-Urticetea Passarge 67 em.Kopecký hoc loco eingegliedert. Nach der vorgeschlagenen Gliederung umfasst diese Klasse vier Ordnungen: 1.Convolvuletalia sepium Tx. 50 mit dem VerbandConvolvulion sepium Tx. exOberd. 49,—2.(?)Circaeo-Stachyetalia Passarge 67]—3.Petasito-Chaerophylletalia Morariu 67 mit dem VerbandPetasition officinalis Sillinger 33 em.Kopecký hoc loco,—4.Lamio (albi)—Chenopodietalia (boni-henrici) ordo nova, die mehrere Einheitengruppen anthropisch bedingter nitrophiler Ersatzgesellschaften enthält. In Böhmen, Mähren und der Westslowakei gehört zu demConvolvulion sepium-Verband nur eine einzige Gebietsassoziation, u. zw. dasCuscuto-Convolvuletum sepium Tx. 47 em.Kopecký hoc loco mit zwei Subassoziationen:Cuscuto-Convolvuletum sepium typicum subass. nova undCuscuto-Convolvuletum sepium aristolochietosum subass. nova.—Der VerbandPetasition officinalis Sillinger 33 em.Kopecký umfasst folgende vikarisierende Assoziationen: das westmitteleuropäischePetasitetum hybridi Oberd. 49 em.Kopecký hoc loco, das karpatischePetasitetum officinalis-glabrati Sillinger 33 und dasPetasito-Telekietum speciosae Morariu 67, das ausschliesslich in den ostslowakischen, ostpolnischen, sowjetischen und rumänischen Karpaten verbeeitet ist.     

LignicolousHyphomycetes from Czechoslovakia 3.Sporoschisma,Sporoschismopsis andCatenularia

The species of three genera—Sporoschisma Berk. etBr.,Sporoschismopsis Hol.-Jech. etHennebert andCatenularia Grove are treated in this paper from Czechoslovakia:Sporoschisma juvenile Boudier,S. mirabile Berk. etBr.,Sporoschismopsis moravica Hol.-Jech. etHennebert andCatenularia cuneiformis (Richon) Mason. The studied fungi produce the conidia in basipetal succession, endogenously or subendogenously, quite internally in large phialides or only inside open swollen collarettes.     

Draba skrivanekii,eine interessante Art aus Montenegro (Jugoslawien)

In den Herbarien der botanischen Abteilung des Nationalmuseums in Pr?honice (PR) werden zwei Belege aufbewahrt, die vonRohlena alsDraba athoa Boiss. bezeichnet sind. Später ordneteRohlena selbst diese Pflanzen der ArtD. elongata Host mit Bezeichnung var.skrivanekii Rohl. zu. Durch eine Analyse des Herbarmaterials hat sich erwiesen, dass es sich um eine selbständige Art—Draba skrivanekii (Rohl.)Chrtek—handelt, die in den Gebirgslagen Montenegros (Kom Vasojevi?ki) wahrscheinlich endemisch ist. Die nächstverwandte Art istDraba athoa (Griseb.)Boiss.     

Foraminifera from the Silberberg Formation («Lower Oligocene») at Silberberg,near Helmstedt (Germany)

From the Silberberg Quarry, type locality of the Silberberg Formation (Martini &Ritzkowski 1968), some planktonic foraminifera are described:Globigerina officinalis Subbotina, Globigerina ouachitaensisHowe &Wallace,G. praebulloides leroyi Blow &Banner, G.praebulloides occlusa Blow &Banner which taxa are here suggested to form intergrading morphotypes within the range of variation of a population dominated byG. officinalis. In addition,G. cf.danvillensis Howe &Wallace is found. The planktonic fauna, together with some elements in the benthonic fauna, suggests a possible correlation with the Danville Landing Member of the Jackson Formation, Louisiana, traditionally ascribed to the Upper Eocene. There is some similarity with European Uppermost Eocene — Lower Oligocene faunas described by various authors. The Silberberg Formation was suggested to be a Neostratotype for the Latdorfian Stage of the Lower Oligocene byMartini &Ritzkowski (1968). It is suggested that the Silberberg Formation may well be coeval with the Upper Priabonian as proposed byCita 1969.     

LignicolousHyphomycetes from Czechoslovakia 8.Endophragmiella andPhragmocephala

Thirteen species and one variety ofEndophragmiella Sutton and three species ofPhragmocephala Mason etHughes collected by the author in Czechoslovakia, and occasionally in other regions of Europe are described and illustrated. Four new species and one new variety are described inEndophragmiella—E. aseptata Hol.-Jech.,E. fatrensis Holt.-Jech.,E. ramificata Hol.-Jech.,E. similis Hol.-Jech. andE. uniseptata (Ellis) Hughes var.pusilla Hol.-Jech..     

The systematic significance of seed morphology and anatomy in thePortulacaceae (Centrospermae)

Nyananyo B. L. (1988): The systematic significance of seed morphology and anatomy in thePortulacaceae (Centrospermae).—Folia Geobot. Phytotax., Praha, 23: 275–279.—The seeds of 115 species in eighteen genera of the familyPortulacaceae were examined with the scanning electron microscope. Longitudinal sections of seeds of representatives of all the genera were examined with the light microscope. Two broad groups based on shape of the seeds, ornamentation of the external surface of their testa, and the position of the embryo relative to the endosperm were recognised. The first group comprising three genera:Anacampseros L.,Grahamia Gillies andTalinopsis A. Gray, have seeds which are pyriform with wings and trichomes, and an embryo that is more or less parallel to the endosperm, while the second of fifteen genera:Calandrinia H.B.K.,Calyptridium Nuttall,Calyptrotheca Gilg,Ceraria Pearson etStephens,Claytonia L.,Lenzia Philippi,Lewisia Pursh,Lyallia Hooker fil.,Montia L.,Portulaca L.,Portulacaria Jacquin,Silvaea Philippi,Talinella Baillon,Talinum Adanson, andWangerinia Franz, are reniform without wings and with an embryo that is horse-shoe shaped around the endosperm.     

Notes on some African hepatic genera 1–5

The present study deals with five genera of hepatics in Africa, Isotachis Mitt., Anastrophyllum (Spruce) Steph., Tritomaria Schiffn. ex Loeske, Gymnocoleopsis (Schust.) Schust. and Lophozia (Dum.) Dum. All African populations of the genus Isotachis Mitt. are considered to be one species, I. aubertii (Schwaegr.) Mitt. Four species of Anastrophyllum (Spruce) Steph. (s.l.), A. auritum (Lehm.) Steph., A. piligerum (Nees) Spruce, A. subcomplicatum (Lehm. et Lindenb.) Steph. and A. minutum (Schreb.) Schust., and two species of Tritomaria Schiffn. et Loeske, T. camerunensis S. Arnell and T. exsecta (Schrad.) Schiffn. ex Loeske occur in Africa. Gymmocoleopsis multiflora (Steph.) Schust. represents a genus and species hitherto unreported for the African flora. Finally, five Lophozia (Dum.) Dum. species, L. argentina (Steph.) Schust., L. capensis S. Arnell, L. decolorans (Limpr.) Steph., L. hedbergii S. Arnell and L. tristaniana (S. Arnell) Váňa, are reported from central and southern Africa; two of these (L. argentina (Steph.) Schust. and L. decolorans (Limpr.) Steph.) represent the first reports from Africa.     

The correct generic and specific name for “Acremoniella atra”

Acremoniella atra auct. is taxonomically identical withHarzia acremonioides (Harz) Cost. which is the type of the genusHarzia. Harzia Cost. 1888 must replace the illegitimate nameAcremoniella Sacc. 1886. Two new combinations—Harzia velata (Onions etJones)Hol.-Jech. andHarzia verrucosa (Togn.) Hol.-Jech. are proposed.     

Parasites of bark beetles [Col.: Scolytidae] on pine and cypress in Israel

Ten species of hymenopterous parasites were reared from logs of pine and cypress, naturally infested with 5 species of bark beetles,viz., Orthotomicus erosus Woll.,Pityogenes calcaratus Eichh., andTomicus destruens Woll. — on pine;Phloeosinus armatus Reitt. andP. aubei Perris — on cypress, in Israel. The parasites were:Dendrosoter chaenopachoides Rusch,D. hartigii (Ratz.),D. middendorfi (Ratz.),D. protuberans Nees (Braconidae), Eurytoma morio Boheman (Eurytomidae), Cerocephala eccoptogastri Masi,Heydenia pretiosa F?rster,Metacolus unifasciatus F?rster,Rhaphitelus maculatus Walker andRoptrocerus xylophagorum (Ratz.) (Pteromalidae). The most common wereM. unifasciatus on pine and cypress,D. chaenopachoides andR. xylophagorum on pine, andD. protuberans on cypress, occurring in samples collected during most seasons. Less common wasE. morio, which was reared from both conifers.D. middendorfi was found on pine, and only during winter. The other species were found only occasionally.     

Hybriden vonPyrus spinosa

Three hybrids are described whose common parent wasPyrus spinosa Forsk.: 1.Pyrus × bardoënsis Dostálek (P.elaeagrifolia Pall. ×P. spinosa Forsk.).—2.Pyrus × velenovskyi Dostálek (P.pyraster Burgsd. ×P. spinosa Forsk.).—3.Pyrus × jordanovii Dostálek (P. communis L. ×P. spinosa,Forsk.). Notes are given about five other hybrids whose existence has not been conclusively confirmed or which are less important.     

Synökologische Verhältnisse derFilipendula ulmaria-Gesellschaften NW-Böhmens

In NW-Böhmen kommen fast alle bisher bekanntenFilipendula ulmaria-Gesellschaften vor, u. zw.Filipendulo-Epilobietum hirsuti Sougnez 1957,Filipendulo-Geranietum palustris W. Koch 1926,Lysimachio vulgaris-Filipenduletum Bal.-tul. 1978,Valeriano officinalis-Filipenduletum Siss. inWesthoff et al. 1946,Chaerophyllo hirsuti-Filipenduletum Nieman, Heinrich etHilbig 1973 undCirsio heterophylli-Filipenduletum Neuhäusl etNeuhäuslová-Novotná 1975. Die Pflanzenzusammensetzung dieser Assoziationen steht mit den bestimmten Eigenschaften des Standortes in engem Zusammenhang—es treten hier vornehmlich die Höhenlage, geologische und klimatische Verhältnisse, primäre Waldgesellschaften, trophischer Zustand sowie phytogeographische Verhältnisse in den Vordergrund.     

Ein Beitrag zur Nomenklatur sphinctozoider Schwämme (Porifera)

The sphinctozoid sponge generaFania Senowbari-Daryan 1990 andSpica Termier &Termier 1977 are preoccupied.Fania is replaced byFanthalamia nom. nov. andSpica by the younger synonymFistulispongia Termier &Termier 1977. The invalid subfamily name FaniinaeSenowbari-Daryan 1990 is replaced by Fanthalamiinae n. subfam. The invalid family and subfamily names SpicidaeTermier &Termier 1977 and SpicinaeSenowbari-Daryan 1990 respectively are replaced by FistulispongiidaeTermier atTermier 1977 and FistulispongiinaeSenowbari-Daryan 1990. The generaWaagenium de Laubenfels 1957 andCatubria Merla 1931 were previously overlooked.Waagenium DeLaubenfels 1957 is a younger synonym ofColospongia Laube 1865. The position ofCatubria Merla 1931 is uncertain. Most probablyCatubria is an alga.     

Untersuchungen über den PolyploidkomplexVeronica cymbalaria agg. (Scrophulariaceae)

Veronica panormitana Tin. inGuss. (sparsely distributed from Corsica and Sicily to Syria) andV. trichadena Jord. etFourr. var.freyniana M. Fisch. (Mallorca) are diploid (2n = 18), and very probably the ancestors of the allopolyploidV. cymbalaria Bod. The latter consists of tetraploid (2n = 36) and hexaploid (2n = 54) strains (confirmed on new material from Italy, Greece, and Turkey). The diploid taxa are morphologically well separated from each other and fromV. cymbalaria, whereas the tetraploids and hexaploids are not separable morphologically.—Another poorly known diploid strain from Kurdistan is described as new:Veronica cymbalaria Bod. var.baradostensis M. Fischer.—V. panormitana is reported from Greece for the first time.     

Chromosome counts and chromosome morphology of some selected species

In the years 1976–1981 we studied chromosome counts and karyotypic formulae of the following 29 species of plants from 41 localities (of these 6 from Bohemia, 32 from Moravia, 3 from Slovakia):Batrachium baudotii (Godron) F. W. Schultz,Chenopodium rubrum L.,C. polyspermum L.,C. murale L.,C. ficifolium Sm.,C. opulifolium Schrader ex DC. inLam. et DC.,C. strictum Roth [subsp.strictum, subsp.glaucophyllum (Aellen)Aellen inJust etAellen, subsp.striatiforme Uotila],Arenaria grandiflora L.,Illecebrum verticillatum L.,Spergula morisonii Boreau inDuchartre,Spergularia marginata (DC. inLam. et DC.)Kittel S. marina (L.)Griseb.,S. rubra (L.) J. etC. Presl,Silene conica L.,Sisymbrium loeselii L.,S. volgense Bieb. exE. Fourn.,S. orientale L. [subsp. orientale, subsp.macroloma (A. Pomel)Dvo?ák],S. officinale (L.)Scop.,Descurainia sophia (L.)Webb exPrantl inEngler etPrantl,Nasturtium officinale R. Br. inAiton,Barbarea arcuata (Opiz inPresl J. et C.)Reichenb.,Lunaria annua L.,Soldanella montana Willd.,S. carpatica Vierh. inUrban etGraebner,Lotus tenuis Waldst. etKit. exWilld.,L. uliginosus Schkuhr,Trigonella monspeliaca L.,Geranium sibiricum L.,Lactuca tatarica (L.)C. A. Meyer.     

Studien über dieJungermannioideae (Hepaticae) 6.Jungermannia Subg.Solenostoma: Europäische und nordamerikanische Arten

Dersechste Beitrag aus der Serie der vorbereiteten Studien über die SubfamilieJungermannioideae (Jungermanniaceae, Hepaticae) enthält die taxonomische Bearbeitung des Subg.Solenostoma (Mitt.)Amak. (GattungJungermannia L. emend.Dum.) in Europa (inkl. Kaukasus und Kleinasien) und Nordamerika. Im genannten Gebiet kommen 10 Arten vor, u. zw.J. caespiticia Lindenb.,J. caucasica Váňa,J. confertissima Nees,J. gracillima Sm.,J. handelii (Schiffn.)Amak.,J. jenseniana Grolle,J. lignicola (Schiffn.)Grolle,J. pyriflora Steph.,J. rubra Gott. exUnd. undJ. sphaerocarpa Hook. Die ArtJ. confertissima Nees (bisher alsSolenostoma levieri (Steph.)Steph. bezeichnet) gehört zu der SektionDesmorhiza Amak., alle anderen Arten gehören zu der SektionSolenostoma.