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1.
Mitsunobu Sakajoh Nadine A. Solomon Arnold L. Demain 《Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology》1987,2(4):201-208
Summary Bacilysin, a dipeptide antibiotic produced byBacillus subtilis A 14, was synthesized by a cell-free extract of the producing organism from its constitutent amino acids,l-alanine andl-anticapsin. The synthesis required ATP and Mg2+ and was optimal at pH 8.1. The same extract also synthesizedl-alanyl-l-alanine. The synthesis of bacilysin was not inhibited by chloramphenicol, DNase or RNase. 相似文献
2.
Brain R. Petuch Byron Arison Annjia Hsu Richard Monaghan Francis J. Dumont Tom S. Chen Ph.D. 《Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology》1994,13(2):131-135
Summary The regiospecific glucosylation of FK 506 and immunomycin (FR 900520) at the 24-hydroxy position was performed using resting cells ofBacillus subtilis ATCC 55060. 24-Glucopyranosyl FK 506 and 24-glucopyranosyl immunomycin were isolated by methylene chloride extraction and purification using reverse phase HPLC. The metabolite structures were established using spectroscopic techniques including MS and NMR. The glucose conjugate was further confirmed by chemical degradation. Enzymatic glucosylation was demonstrated using cell-free extracts derived fromBacillus subtilis ATCC 55060. The 24-glucosyltransferase, which appears UDP-glucose dependent, was solubilized from cell membranes by treatment with 0.1% Nonidet P-40 detergent. The optimal conditions for assay of the enzyme have been determined. 相似文献
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Effects of glucose, ammonium ions and phosphate on avilamycin biosynthesis in Streptomyces viridochromogenes AS4.126 were investigated. Twenty grams per liter of glucose, 10 mmol/L ammonium ions, and 10 mmol/L phosphate in the basal medium
stimulated avilamycin biosynthesis. When the concentrations of glucose, ammonium ions, and phosphate in the basal medium exceeded
20 g/L, 10 mmol/L, and 10 mmol/L, respectively, avilamycin biosynthesis greatly decreased. When 20 g/L glucose was added at
32 h, avilamycin yield decreased by 70.2%. Avilamycin biosynthesis hardly continued when 2-deoxy-glucose was added into the
basal medium at 32 h. There was little influence on avilamycin biosynthesis with the addition of the 3-methyl-glucose (20 g/L)
at 32 h. In the presence of excess (NH4)2SO4 (20 mmol/L), the activities of valine dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase were depressed 47.7 and 58.3%,
respectively, of that of the control at 48 h. The activity of succinate dehydrogenase increased 49.5% compared to the control
at 48 h. The intracellular adenosine triphosphate level and 6-phosphate glucose content of S. viridochromogenes were 128 and 129%, respectively, of that of the control at 48 h, with the addition of the 40 mmol/L of KH2PO4. As a result, high concentrations of glucose, ammonium ions, and inorganic phosphate all led to the absence of the precursors
for avilamycin biosynthesis and affected antibiotic synthesis. 相似文献
6.
Summary Seven mutations leading to riboflavin overproduction inBacillus subtilis were found to be linked to the markerdnaF133 (145° on theB. subtilis genetic map) by transformation. Cotransfer indexes (42.5%–61.7%) suggest that theribC mutations are alleles of the same locus. Results of transduction and transformation crosses suggest the following order of markers:pyrD26 –ts-6 –dnaF133 –ribC –recA1. 相似文献
7.
Changes in the antibiotic production by co-culture of Rhizopus peka P8 and Bacillus subtilis IFO3335
Tsubasa Fukuda Shintaro Yamamoto Hiroshi Morita 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2008,24(9):1893-1899
The co-culture of Bacillus subtilis IFO 3335 with Rhizopus peka P8 or Rhizopus oligosporus P12 in liquid medium was found to increase production of antibiotic activity and to alter the spectrum of activity relative
to the pure cultures. However, a mixed culture of Rhizopus
arrhizus P7 and Rhizopus oryzae P17 did not produce antibiotic activity. The concentration, ratio, and time of addition of B. subtilis to the R. peka culture was found to influence antibiotic yields. Solid-state fermentations using mixed cultures of R. peka and B. subtilis were investigated. The growth of Escherichia coli IFO 3792 as a target bacterium was inhibited by the mixed culture. These results suggest the possibility of biopreservation
of fermented foods by novel co-culture systems. 相似文献
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9.
Stankovic S Soldo B Beric-Bjedov T Knezevic-Vukcevic J Simic D Lazarevic V 《Systematic and applied microbiology》2007,30(1):8-15
A collection of 212 gram-positive bacilli isolated from natural habitats was screened for the presence of intervening sequences (introns and intein-coding sequences) in the SPbeta prophage-related ribonucleotide reductase genes bnrdE and bnrdF. Three novel configurations were identified on the basis of the presence of (i) intervening sequences in bnrdE and bnrdF, and (ii) an ORF in the bnrdE-bnrdF spacer. Analysis of the cell wall genetic determinants as well as of the incorporation of radio-labelled glycerol into cell wall allowed newly and previously identified B. subtilis strains with different configurations of bnrdE/bnrdF intervening sequences to be assigned to one of two subspecies. Strains apparently belonging to the subsp. subtilis contain three intervening sequences many of which are associated with the putative homing endonuclease activity. Strains of the subsp. spizizenii contain only one or two ORF-less group I introns. Introns occupying bnrdF are confined to the subspecies subtilis. 相似文献
10.
Di- and tricarboxylates found as intermediates in the tricarboxylic acid cycle can be utilized by many bacteria and serve
as carbon and energy source under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. A prerequisite for metabolism is that the carboxylates
are transported into the cells across the cytoplasmic membrane. Bacillus subtilis is able to metabolize many di- and tricarboxylates and in this overview the available data on all known and putative di-
and tricarboxylate transporters in B. subtilis is summarized. The B. subtilis transporters, that are of the secondary type, are discussed in the context of the protein families to which they belong.
Available data on biochemical characterization, regulation of gene expression and the physiological function is summarized.
It is concluded that in B. subtilis multiple transporters are present for tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
11.
Vladimir I. Bashkirov Margarita M. Stoilova-Disheva Alexander A. Prozorov 《Molecular & general genetics : MGG》1988,213(2-3):465-470
Summary The illegitimate recombination between Staphylococcus aureus plasmids pE194 (or pGG20, the hybrid between pE194 and Escherichia coli plasmid pBR322) and pBD17 (plasmid pUB110 without HpaII C-fragment) was studied in Bacillus subtilis. Cointegrates were generated with the frequency of 1–3x10-8. Among 22 hybrids analysed 9 types of recombinants were found. Nucleotide sequences of all three parental plasmids were involved in intermolecular recombination. Nucleotide sequencing of recombinant DNA junctions revealed that in 8 cases recombination occurred between short homologous regions (9–15 bp). One recombinant was formed using nonhomologous sites. The similarity was demonstrated between nucleotide sequences of the recombination sites of two types of cointegrates and those used for pE194 integration into the B. subtilis chromosome. Possible mechanisms of illegitimate recombination are discussed. 相似文献
12.
Conjugal transfer of the small plasmid pUB110 betweenBacillus subtilis strains was studied under conditions of microcosms with sterile and nonsterile soil. Plasmid transfer proved to be possible after soil inoculation with vegetative partner cells or with their spores. Plasmid transfer occurred at temperatures of 30 and 22–23°C. 相似文献
13.
Restriction enzyme analysis, cloning, and sequencing showed that large (more than 90 kb) plasmids isolated from different Bacillus subtilisstrains are identical in structure of the region ensuring stable inheritance of plasmid replicons and are widespread in Belarussian environmental strains of B. subtilis. 相似文献
14.
Akiba S Hayashi Y Hakamada Y Endo K Ara K Kawai S Saitoh E 《Protein expression and purification》2006,49(2):203-210
We herein describe the development of a Bacillus subtilis system that can be used to produce large quantities of recombinant (r-) human salivary cystatins, a cysteine protease inhibitor of family 2 in the cystatin superfamily. The B. subtilis that lacked the alkaline protease E gene (DeltaaprE type mutant strain) was prepared by homologous recombination. The cDNA fragments coding for mature cystatins (S and SA) were ligated in frame to the DNA segment for the signal peptide of endoglucanase in the pHSP-US plasmid vector that was then use to transform the DeltaaprE type mutant strain of B. subtilis. The transformants carrying the expression vectors were cultivated in 5-L jar fermenters for 3 days at 30 degrees C. Both r-cystatin S and r-cystatin SA were successfully expressed and secreted into the culture broth, and were purified using a fast performance liquid chromatography system. The first use of DeltaaprE type mutant strain of B. subtilis made it possible to obtain a high yield of secreted protein, which makes this system an improvement over expression in Escherichia coli. We conclude that this system has high utility for expression of commercial quantities of secreted proteins. 相似文献
15.
Hee-Sik Kim Seong-Bin Kim Seung-Hwan Park Hee-Mock Oh Yong-Il Park Chi-Kyung Kim Tohoru Katsuragi Yoshiki Tani Byung-Dae Yoon 《Biotechnology letters》2000,22(18):1431-1436
Bacillus subtilis C9 produces a lipopeptide-type biosurfactant, surfactin, and rapidly degrades alkanes up to a chain length of C19. The nucleotide sequence of the sfp gene cloned from B. subtilis C9 was determined and its deduced amino acid sequence showed 100% homology with the sfp gene reported before [Nakano et al. (1992) Mol. Gen. Genet. 232: 313–321]. To transform a non-surfactin producer, B. subtilis 168, to a surfactin producer, the sfp gene cloned from B. subtilis C9 was expressed in B. subtilis 168. The transformed B. subtilis SB103 derivative of the strain 168 was shown to produce surfactin measured by its decrease in surface tension, emulsification activity, and TLC analysis of the surface active compound isolated from the culture broth. Like B. subtilis C9, B. subtilis SB103 containing sfp gene readily degraded aliphatic hydrocarbons (C10–19), though its original strain did not. The addition of surfactin (0.5%, w/v) to the culture of B. subtilis 168 significantly stimulated the biodegradation of hydrocarbons of the chain lengths of 10–19; over 98% of the hydrocarbons tested were degraded within 24 h of incubation. These results indicate that the lipopeptide-type biosurfactant, surfactin produced from B. subtilis enhances the bioavailability of hydrophobic hydrocarbons. 相似文献
16.
Qing-Ping Hu Jian-Guo Xu Peng Song Jin-Ning Song Wu-Ling Chen 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2008,24(11):2451-2458
Biocontrol agents have not been previously associated with yak dung. We describe here the isolation of strain QM3 from Qinghai
yak dung in China. In vitro antagonistic assay showed that this strain could suppress the growth of various plant pathogens
effectively, especially the pathogen Alternaria solani. Based on phenotypic, physiological, biochemical and phylogenetic (16S rDNA) studies, strain QM3 could be classified as a
strain of Bacillus subtilis. Both OD660 and inhibition effect of eight different kinds of culture media presented strongly significant difference with 0.006 (P < 0.01) and 0.003 (P < 0.01), respectively. Culture media YPF-Ca were selected from eight different kinds of culture media according to OD660 and inhibitory effect. Different thermal treatments on the crude supernatant showed the antibiotic activity presented no
significant (P = 0.54, P > 0.05) with ANOVA at the 5% level when temperature was no higher than 100°C. These results were similarly in agreement with
the reported thermo-resistance of iturin antibiotics produced by Bacillus. This is the first report on the isolation of Bacillus subtilis from the yak dung. 相似文献
17.
Early in sporulation, the mother cell compartment of Bacillus subtilis transcribes the mother cell metabolic gene (mmg) operon. The gene mmgA was assigned by other workers using sequence homology as an acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase [E.C. 2.3.1.9]. The gene was overexpressed
in Escherichia coli, and the protein was purified by Ni2+-affinity chromatography. However, the expected MmgA-catalyzed biosynthesis of acetoacetyl-CoA from acetyl-CoA was undetectable
by a standard UV assay, HPLC, and mass spectrometry. These methods indicated a preference for the reverse degradative thiolytic
reaction, with a k
cat of 80 s−1, and a K
m of 70 and 50 μM for CoA and acetoacetyl-CoA, respectively. 相似文献
18.
Surfactin productivity by Bacillus subtilis was increased from 0.33 g l–1 to 2.6 g l–1 by adding 0.01 mM Mn2+ to a defined glucose medium. The final yield exceeded that of most reported values for genetically improved strains. 相似文献
19.
R. J. C. McLean A. M. Campbell P. T. Khu A. T. Persaud L. E. Bickerton D. Beauchemin 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》1994,10(4):472-474
Purified cell walls from Bacillus subtilis were repeatedly suspended in 5 mm CuCl2 and, after removing unbound Cu, were suspended in 1% (v/v) HNO3 to release bound Cu. The walls were then regenerated by washing in H2O. After five cycles, copper binding actually increased slightly, probably due to enhanced exposure of binding sites in the walls. Thus bacterial walls may be used repeatedly for metal removal during bioremediation of heavy metal pollution.R.J.C. McLean is with the Department of Biology, Southwest Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX 78666-4616, USA A.M. Campbell is with the Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada. P.T. Khu is with the Department of Mining Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada. A.T. Persaud, L.E. Bickerton and D. Beauchemin are with the Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada. 相似文献
20.
The biosynthetic gene cluster of the aminocoumarin antibiotic novobiocin contains two putative regulatory genes, i.e., novE and novG. Functional proof for the role of NovG as a positive regulator of novobiocin biosynthesis had been provided previously, and
we now investigated the role of novE. Heterologous expression experiments with the novobiocin biosynthetic gene cluster showed that the entire putative promoter
region of novE is required to achieve optimal novobiocin production. Overexpression of novE, using a replicative vector, resulted in an increase of novobiocin formation. In contrast, inactivation of novE by in frame deletion resulted in a strong reduction of novobiocin biosynthesis. Novobiocin production could be restored by
an intact copy of novE, but also by the regulatory gene novG. These observations suggest that novE is a positive regulator of novobiocin biosynthesis. NovE was expressed in E. coli and purified. However, in contrast to parallel experiments with NovG, no DNA-binding properties could be shown for NovE.
RT-PCR experiments showed that expression of novG was detectable in the absence of NovE, and also that expression of novE occurred in absence of NovG. 相似文献