心肌肥厚信号通路研究进展

病理性心肌肥厚是心肌细胞受到多种因素刺激后所产生的失代偿性反应,最终可演变为心力衰竭,甚至诱发猝死。鉴于其复杂的病理过程,具体发病机制至今尚未完全阐明,但既有研究已明确有丝分裂原活化蛋白激酶信号通路、Ca~(2+)介导的信号通路、蛋白激酶信号通路、Janus激酶/信号转导子和转录激活子信号通路和MicroRNAs信号通路在调控心肌肥厚的进程中起着至关重要的作用。现就相关信号通路在心肌肥厚发生、进展及预后中所起作用的最新研究进展予以综述。     

微小RNA介导心肌纤维化信号通路的研究进展

心肌纤维化以细胞外基质沉积为主要特征,是许多心血管疾病发展到一定阶段的共同病理变化.心肌纤维化过程中的一些微小RNA(microRNAs,miRNAs)表达异常,并通过对多种信号通路的调控,参与心肌成纤维细胞的活化和增殖过程,从而介导心肌纤维化的发生和发展.本文将综述这些miRNAs在心肌纤维化中的作用和机制,为心肌纤...     

介导心肌肥大的一条新的信号通路--Calcineurin通路

心肌肥大是心肌细胞对外界刺激,如工作负荷、神经体液因子及内在心肌蛋白遗传突变一种基本应答。已知胞内Ｃａ＾２＋浓度升高在各种刺激诱导心肌肥大的信号传递中起重要作用,但对Ｃａ＾２＋信号下游的传递机制一直不甚清楚。新近研究证实,由Ｃａ＾２＋活化的钙调神经磷酸酶（ＣａＮ）在心肌肥大的信号传递中起重要作用,基可能是Ｃａ＾２＋信号致肥大基因活化的偶联环节。抑制ＣａＮ活性可阻滞各种因素诱导的心肌肥大发生与发展,     

JAK-STAT信号通路与衰老及衰老相关疾病

老龄化是许多慢性疾病的首要危险因素.如果老年人的疾病预防水平得不到大幅度的提高,不仅会影响老年人及家庭成员的生活质量,还会导致国家的经济以及医疗资源严重的匮乏.因此,如何延缓衰老已成为全世界关注的焦点.近些年,对衰老相关的机制也进行了广泛的研究,其中JAK-STAT信号通路吸引了大量学者的眼球.但是对JAK-STAT信...     

内毒素耐受性与TLR4信号通路

内毒素(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)耐受性普遍存在,并与其他病原微生物致病因子(LAM、STF等)存在交叉耐受性。不同种类LPS产生耐受性的可能性与机制不同。TLR4作为LPS靶细胞膜上的跨膜受体,主要介导LPS信号的跨膜转导,TLR4结构与功能的改变,以及TLR4信号通路中各个环节(MD2、MyD88、IRAK、IκB、NF—κB、炎症因子)的功能缺陷,都将导致LPS耐受性的产生。     

非JAK-STAT信号通路在BCR-ABL阴性骨髓增殖性肿瘤中的研究进展

JAK信号通路通过配体和细胞表面的受体相互结合而诱导受体二聚化及磷酸化,激活JAK.活化的JAK-STAT信号通路参与肿瘤的发生、发展、血管新生、侵袭和转移.在BCR-ABL阴性骨髓增殖性肿瘤(MPN)中JAK2、MPL及CALR基因突变均可组成性激活JAK2-STAT5信号通路.因此JAK-STAT通路成为研究的热点...     

Notch信号通路研究进展

在无脊椎动物和脊椎动物发育过程中 ,Notch信号对细胞的命运决定起关键作用。通过Notch受体的信号传递能够扩大并固化相邻细胞之间的分子差异 ,最终决定细胞的命运。本文综述了Notch信号通路的相关细节 ,重点讨论了CSL非依赖的途径     

谷氨酸信号通路及其在骨力学信号转导通路中潜在的功能

自在中枢神经系统中发现谷氨酸发挥功能以来,谷氨酸受体及其在突触内膜偶联的信号通路,就成为神经系统研究的重要内容。近年的研究显示,谷氨酸受体及其胞内信号通路在包括骨在内的非神经组织中表达和发挥功能,在骨细胞中有表达谷氨酸受体、转运子的证据,因而有假说认为谷氨酸成了骨中力学信号潜在的转导子,但还缺乏有利的证据支持。简要综述了谷氨酸信号通路及其在骨中的功能,并就其在骨力学信号转导中潜在的功能和作用机制进行了探讨。     

MAPK信号传导通路研究进展

丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(mitogen-activated proteinkinase,MAPK)途径是生物体内重要的信号传导系统之一,参与介导生长、发育、分裂、分化、死亡以及细胞间的功能同步等多种细胞过程。本文就该通路的激活、活性调节及其新发现的生理功能做一综述。对MAPK通路的研究将有助于进一步了解某些疾 病的发生。     

Wnt信号通路与高血压疾病的研究进展

Wnt信号分子是一类在无脊椎与脊椎动物的多种组织中广泛表达且进化上高度保守的信号刺激分子,他们在生长、发育、代谢和干细胞调节等多种生物学过程中发挥重要作用。在健康成人的器官中Wnt信号是沉默的,但是在病理情况下Wnt信号激活。近年发现Wnt信号通路在心血管疾病的发生发展过程中扮演重要角色。本文将详细介绍Wnt信号通路,及其与高血压疾病的研究进展,试图将对Wnt信号通路的调控作为治疗高血压疾病的新的方向。     

寡糖对JAK-STAT信号转导通路的调节机制

寡糖类化合物对细胞因子的JAK-STAT信号转导途径具有免疫抑制作用.进一步研究寡糖类化合物对JAK-STAT信号转导途径的影响,对研究和开发寡糖类免疫调节药物具有重受意义.     

Complex systems biology approach to understanding coordination of JAK-STAT signaling

In this work, we search for coordination as an organizing principle in a complex signaling system using a multilevel hierarchical paradigm. The objective is to explain the underlying mechanism of Interferon (IFN_γ) induced JAK-STAT (specifically JAK1/JAK2-STAT1) pathway behavior. Starting with a mathematical model of the pathway from the literature, we modularize the system using biological knowledge via principles of biochemical cohesion, biological significance, and functionality. The modularized system is then used as a basis for in silico inhibition, knockdown/deletion and perturbation experiments to discover a coordination mechanism. Our analysis shows that a module representing the SOCS1 complex can be identified as the coordinator. Analysis of the coordinator can then be used for the selection of biological experiments for the discovery of ‘soft’ molecular drug targets, that could lead to the development of improved therapeutics. The coordinator identified is also being investigated to determine its relationship to pathological conditions.     

The JAK-STAT signaling pathway: input and output integration

Universal and essential to cytokine receptor signaling, the JAK-STAT pathway is one of the best understood signal transduction cascades. Almost 40 cytokine receptors signal through combinations of four JAK and seven STAT family members, suggesting commonality across the JAK-STAT signaling system. Despite intense study, there remain substantial gaps in understanding how the cascades are activated and regulated. Using the examples of the IL-6 and IL-10 receptors, I will discuss how diverse outcomes in gene expression result from regulatory events that effect the JAK1-STAT3 pathway, common to both receptors. I also consider receptor preferences by different STATs and interpretive problems in the use of STAT-deficient cells and mice. Finally, I consider how the suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins regulate the quality and quantity of STAT signals from cytokine receptors. New data suggests that SOCS proteins introduce additional diversity into the JAK-STAT pathway by adjusting the output of activated STATs that alters downstream gene activation.     

JAK-STAT信号转导途径与中枢神经系统

作为一条新型信号转导通路 ,JAK STAT广泛参与细胞的生长、分化等过程。但目前对该通路的研究主要集中在造血及免疫系统 ,对其在中枢神经系统 (CNS)内的功能及作用机制尚没有完全阐明。本文对JAK STAT途径各成员在CNS内的表达、分布情况 ,以及该途径在CNS发育及病理状态下的功能变化进行了简要介绍     

JAK-STAT信号转导途径与中枢神经系统

作为一条新型信号转导通路,JAK－STAT广泛参与细胞的生长、分化等过程。但目前对该通路的研究主要集中在造血及免疫系统,对其在中枢神经系统（CNS）内的功能及作用机制的没有完全阐明。本文对JAK－STAT途径各成员在CNS内的表达、分布情况,以及该途径在CNS发育及病理状态下的功能变化进行了简要介绍。     

Curcumin induces growth-arrest and apoptosis in association with the inhibition of constitutively active JAK-STAT pathway in T cell leukemia

Adult T cell leukemia is an aggressive and frequently fatal malignancy that expressess constitutively activated growth-signaling pathways in association with deregulated growth and resistance to apoptosis. Curcumin (diferuloylmethane) is a naturally occurring yellow pigment, isolated from the rhizomes of the plant Curcuma longa that has traditionally been used in the treatment of injury and inflammation. But the effect and mechanism of action of curcumin on T cell leukemia is not known. To investigate the antitumor activity of curcumin in T cell leukemia, we examined its effect on constitutive phosphorylation of JAK and STAT proteins, proliferation, and apoptosis in HTLV-I-transformed T cell lines. HTLV-I-transformed T cell leukemia lines, MT-2, HuT-102, and SLB-1, express constitutively phosphorylated JAK3, TYK2, STAT3, and STAT5 signaling proteins. In vitro treatment with curcumin induced a dose-dependent decrease in JAK and STAT phosphorylation resulting in the induction of growth-arrest and apoptosis in T cell leukemia. The induction of growth-arrest and apoptosis in association with the blockade of constitutively active JAK-STAT pathway suggests this be a mechanism by which curcumin induces antitumor activity in T cell leukemia.