共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
A. Jawerbaum A.M. Franchi E.T. Gonzalez V. Novaro M.A.F. de Gimeno 《Prostaglandins & other lipid mediators》1995,50(1)
The relationship between high glucose concentrations and arachidonic acid metabolism in uterine tissue from control and diabetic ovariectomized rats was evaluated. Uterine tissue from diabetic rats produced amounts of PGE2 and PGF2α similar to controls, while a lower production of 6-keto-PGF1α (indicating the production of prostacyclin) and a higher production of TXB2 (indicating the generation of TXA2) was found in the diabetic group. A group of diabetic rats was treated with phlorizin to diminish plasma glucose levels. Phlorizin treatment did not alter production of PGE2, PGF2α, and 6-keto-PGF1α in the diabetic group. A diminished production of TXB2 was found in the treated diabetic uteri when compared to the non-treated diabetic group. Moreover, a positive correlation between plasma glucose levels and uterine TXB2 generation was observed. When control uterine tissue was exposed in vitro to high concentrations of glucose (22 mM) and compared to control tissue incubated in the presence of glucose 11 mM alterations in the generation of PGE2, PGF2α, and 6-keto-PGF1α were not found, but a higher production of TXB2 was observed and values were similar to those obtained in the diabetic tissue. Alteration in the production of the prostanoids evaluated were not observed when diabetic tissue was incubated in the presence of high concentrations of glucose. These results provide evidence of a direct relationship between plasma glucose levels and uterine production of TXA2. 相似文献
2.
Claudia Weber Michael Hller Johan Beetens Fred De Clerck Frank Tegtmeier 《Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences》1991,562(1-2)
A method for quantification of 6-keto-PGF1α, 2,3-dinor-6-keto-PGF1α, TXB2, 2,3-dinor TXB2, PGE2, PGD2 and PGF2α in human urine samples, using gas chromatography—negative ion chemical ionization mass spectrometry, is described. Deuterated analogues were used as internal standards. Methoximation was carried out in urine samples which were subsequently applied to phenylboronic acid cartridges, reversed-phase cartridges and thin-layer chromatography. The eluents were further derivatized to pentafluorobenzyl ester trimethylsilyl ethers for final quantification by gas chromatography—mass spectrometry. The overall recovery was 77% for tritiated 6-keto-PGF1α and 55% for tritiated TXB2. Urinary levels of prostanoids were determined in a group of six volunteers before and after intake of the thromboxane synthase inhibitor Ridogrel, and related to creatinine clearance. 相似文献
3.
M.D. Nelson Burton Shirley Carlile M.D. William Jubiz 《Prostaglandins & other lipid mediators》1975,10(6):667-674
Plasma prolactin and F-prostaglandins (PGF) were measured in anesthetized male Sprague-Dawley rats before and at 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes following i.v. injection of either PGF2α (4 mg/kg), chlorpromazine, 1 mg/kg or chlorpromazine (1 mg/kg) after pretreatment with i.p. indomethacin (2 mg/kg). Following PGF2α administration, plasma prolactin levels increased significantly only at 15 and 30 minutes in spite of extremely high PGF levels throughout 60 minutes. Besides the expected rise in plasma prolactin, chlorpromazine caused a transient but statistically significant increase in PGF. Indomethacin blocked the chlorpromazine-induced PGF rise but not prolactin increase. Animals stressed with ether anesthesia showed elevation of plasma prolactin, which was not blocked by indomethacin although PGF concentration fell. These results indicate that PGF2α can stimulate prolactin release. This effect does not appear to be physiologic since very high PGF levels are required. Furthermore, blockade of prostaglandin synthesis by indomethacin does not prevent the release of prolactin in response to chlorpromazine or stress. Our findings do not support a possible role of PGFs as intermediaries in prolactin release. However, it is possible that PGFs may work through other mechanisms not investigated in our study. 相似文献
4.
C. Spagnuolo L. Sautebin G. Galli G. Racagni C. Galli S. Mazzari M. Finesso 《Prostaglandins & other lipid mediators》1979,18(1)
The effects of ligation of both common carotid arteries in the gerbil on the levels of PGF2α, TXB2, HETE and of energy metabolites in brain cortex, have been investigated. Also, in the same experimental conditions the changes of cyclic AMP in brain cortex, cerebellum, striatum and hippocampus have been monitored. ATP, glycogen, glucose and phosphocreatine decrease whereas, lactate and cyclic AMP are enhanced in the ischemic brain, as previously reported. In contrast, levels of arachidonic acid metabolites are not modified. During ischemia following decapitation, instead, PGF2α, and TXB2, show considerable increase. 相似文献
5.
The conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins (PG's) and thromboxane B2 (TXB2) was investigated in homogenates from fetal and adult bovine and rabbit lungs. Adult bovine lungs were very active in converting arachidonic acid (100 μg/g tissue) to both PGE2 (10.7 μg/g tissue) and TXB2 (6.2 μ/g tissue). Smaller amounts of PGF2α (0.9 μ/g) and 6-oxoPGF1α were formed. Homogenates from fetal calf lungs during the third trimester of pregnancy were quite active in converting arachidonic acid to PGE2, but formed very little TXB2, PGF2α or 6-oxoPGF1α. Homogenates from rabbit lungs converted arachidonic acid (100 μg/g) mainly to PGE2, both before and after birth. The amount of PGE2 formed increased during gestation to a maximum of about 6 μg/g tissue at 28 days of gestation. It then decreased to a minimum (1.5 μg/g) which was observed 8 days after birth, followed by an increase to about 4 μg/g in older rabbits. 相似文献
6.
H. D. Hafs T. M. Louis R. J. Waters J. N. Stellflug N. B. Haynes 《Prostaglandins & other lipid mediators》1974,8(5):417-422
Seven rabbits were ejaculated four times once weekly, and saline or 2.5 mg PGF2α tromethamine salt was injected sc at 4 and 2 hours or at 8 and 4 hours before ejaculation. First ejacula taken at 2 hours after the second injection of PGF2α contained 150% more (P.07) sperm than those after injections of saline. The comparable difference (60%) at 4 hours after PGF2α was not significant. PGF2α did not influence sperm output in second, third or fourth ejacula. After 28 daily sc injections of 5 mg PGF2α in another experiment, the fertility of four treated rabbits was as high as that for four controls. Without sexual preparation in seven bulls, im injections of 40 or 80 mg PGF2α 30 minutes before ejaculation resulted in 33% greater (P<.05) sperm output than that after injection of 0, 7 or 20 mg PGF2α, but the highest sperm output after PGF2α was 30% less (P<.05) than that after sexual preparation in the same bulls. We conclude that injections of PGF2α result in increased sperm output in ejacula taken without sexual preparation within 2 hours in rabbits and in bulls. 相似文献
7.
Plasma levels of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) in female red-sided garter snakes (
) were measured at intervals after mating or exposure to males. PGF2α levels increased significantly within 15 minutes of mating and peaked 6–24 hr after mating. Females that did not mate, but received similar amounts of male courtship, had levels of PGF2α significantly lower than those of females that mated. These results extend previous findings that unmated female garter snakes injected with PGF2α exhibit sexual behavior characteristics of females that have mated. Together these data indicate that female garter snakes elaborate PGF2α in response to stimuli associated with mating and that PGF2α has a functional role in inducing post-mating declines in sexual behavior of this species. 相似文献
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8.
C.H. Spilman D.C. Beuving A.D. Forbes F.A. Kimball 《Prostaglandins & other lipid mediators》1977,14(3):477-488
The effects of prostaglandin (PG)F2α and PGF2α, 1–15 lactone were compared in luteal phase, non-pregnant and in early pregnant rhesus monkeys. Animals treated with either PG after pretreatment with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) had peripheral plasma progesterone concentrations that were not statistically different from those in animals treated with hCG and vehicle. However, menstrual cycle lengths in monkeys treated with PGF2α, 1–15 lactone were significantly (P <0.02) shorter than those in vehicle treated animals. In the absence of hCG pretreatment, plasma progesterone concentrations were significantly (P <0.008) lower by the second day after the initial treatment with either PGF2α or PGF2α, 1–15 lactone than in vehicle treated monkeys. Menstrual cycle lengths in monkeys treated with either PG were significantly (P <0.04) shorter than those in animals treated with vehicle. There were no changes in plasma progesterone concentrations in early pregnant monkeys treated with PGF2α, and pregnancy was not interrupted. In contrast, plasma progesterone declined and pregnancy was terminated in 5 of 6 early pregnant monkeys treated with PGF2α, 1–15 lactone. These data indicate that PGF2α, 1–15 lactone decreases menstrual cycle lengths in non-pregnant rhesus monkeys. More importantly, PGF2α, 1–15 lactone terminates early pregnancy in the monkey at a dose which is less than an ineffective dose of PGF2α. 相似文献
9.
Prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) was measured by immunoassay in plasma and milk of four cows (six experiments). After 30 mg PGF2α im, plasma PGF2α peaked at 15 minutes (2.4 ± 0.7 ng/ml) and declined toward basal values by 3 hours; maximum milk PGF2α (0.91 ± 0.12 ng/ml) occurred at 1 hour. The average excretion rate in milk was 2.9 μg/day 0.9 μg (0.003%) of which was due to the 30 mg PGF2α injected. In six non-pregnant control cows, daily changes of milk PGF2α and progesterone were not consistently related. 相似文献
10.
Effects of 10 ppm nitrogen dioxide (NO2) exposure on the contents of prostaglandins (PGs) and thromboxane (TX) B2 in broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) of rats were studied. In the BAL of normal rats, the amounts of PGs and TXB2 in the whole lavage were 6-keto-PGF1α (38.0 ± 6.4 ng) > TXB2 (11.8 ± 4.0 ng) > PGF2α (5.7 ± 1.6 ng) PGE (0.5 ± 0.3 ng). Rats were exposed to NO2 for 1, 3, 5, 7 and 14 days. The NO2 exposure decreased in the level of 6-keto-PGF1α by about 35% throughout the exposure. The level of TXB2 was higher in the day 5 exposure group (155%). The contents of PGF2α and PGE first, decreased and then transiently increased on days 3 and 5. PG 15-hydroxy-dehydrogenase activity of lung homogenate decreased correspondingly on day 3 and 5. Then the contents PGF2α and PGE decreased on day 7 and 14.6-keto-PGF1α and TXB2 are stable metabolites of PGI2, a strong bronchorelaxant and TXA2, a strong bronchoconstrictor respectively. Therefore the results suggested that the decrease in 6-keto-PGF1α, a major prostanoid in the BAL and the increase in TXB2 may correlate with broncho constriction by NO2 exposure. 相似文献
11.
Ian Craft Elizabeth Walker Ezat Youssefnejadian 《Prostaglandins & other lipid mediators》1974,5(4):397-407
Prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) 20 mg combined with urea 80 g was injected intra-amniotically in 20 patients to induce mid-trimester abortion. Abortion resulted in all subjects within 24 hours in a mean time of 12 hours 38 minutes (range 5 hours 50 minutes to 20 hours 45 minutes).Plasma sex steroids were evaluated before and hourly for 5 hours after the injection. A progressive decline in levels occurred with time. Decreases in plasma progesterone, estrone, estradiol and estriol were significant as soon as one hour after injection.Gastrointestinal side effects occurred with a greater frequency than when a comparable dose of PGF2α is given alone and 2 patients had small cervical lacerations requiring suture. Further studies are indicated to establish whether a lower dose of PGF2α will be associated with fewer side effects and be as effective. 相似文献
12.
J. N. Stellflug T. M. Louis H. D. Hafs B. E. Seguin 《Prostaglandins & other lipid mediators》1975,9(4):609-615
During diestrus in three consecutive estrous cycles, each of six heifers was given (im) 30 mg, 15 mg (twice at 6-hr intervals) and 60 mg prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) tham salt. Neither the decline in blood progesterone, the increase in blood estradiol, the duration or the peak of the LH surge, the interval to onset of estrus, nor the interval to ovulation was affected significantly by dose of PGF2α. Thus, relative to that after 30 mg PGF2α im, two injections of 15 mg at 6-hr intervals or 60 mg PGF2α did not hasten luteolysis. Thirty mg was an ample im dose of PGF2α to cause luteolysis. Regardless of im dose of PGF2α, blood PGF peaked at about 6.0 ng/ml within 10 minutes and returned to basal values (<1.0 ng/ml) within 90 minutes. In another trial, after a single iv injection of 5 mg PGF2α, blood PGF peaked (25 ng/ml) within 5 minutes and returned to basal values within 15 minutes. During a 30-minute infusion (0.5 mg/minute) of PGF2α, blood PGF plateaued at 29.5 ng/ml with a metabolic clearance rate of 17.0 liters per minute. 相似文献
13.
Potential interactions between PGD2 and PGF2α in the mesenteric and renal vascular beds were investigated in the anesthetized dog. Regional blood flows were measured with electromagnetic flow probes. PGD2, PGF2α and Norepinephrine (NE) were injected as a bolus directly into the appropriate artery, and responses to these agents were obtained before, during and after infusion of either PGD2 or PGF2α into the left ventricle. In each case, the infused prostaglandin caused vascular effects of its own. Left ventricular infusion of PGD2 reduced responses to local injections of PGD2 in the intestine, and a similar effect was observed for PGF2α, suggesting significant receptor or receptor-like interactions for each of the prostanoids. However, systemic infusion of prostaglandin F2α (20–100 ng/kg/min) had no effect on renal or mesenteric vascular responses to local injection of prostaglandin D2. Similarly, PGD2 administration (100 ng/kg/min) did not affect responses to PGF2α in the intestine. The present results therefore suggest that these prostaglandins, i.e., D2 and F2α, act through separate receptors in the mesenteric and renal vascular beds. In addition, increased prostaglandin F2α levels produced by infusion of F2α reduced mesenteric but not renal blood flow, suggesting that redistribution of cardiac output might participate in side effects often observed with clinical use of this prostaglandin, such as nausea and abdominal pain. 相似文献
14.
P.M. O'Byrne H. Aizawa R.A. Bethel K.F. Chung J.A. Nadel M.J. Holtzman 《Prostaglandins & other lipid mediators》1984,28(4)
We studied the effect of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) on the responsiveness of pulmonary airways in dogs. Airway responsiveness was assessed by determining the bronchoconstrictor response to increasing concentrations of acetylcholine aerosol delivered to the airways. In each of five dogs, we determined responsiveness during treatment with physiologic saline, histamine, or PGF2α aerosols. The doses of histamine and PGF2α were determined by establishing the largest dose of each which could be given to the dog without causing bronchoconstriction (subthreshold doses). We found that airway responsiveness was not significantly different during histamine treatment than after saline, however, responsiveness increased during treatment with PGF2α. In addition, the hyperresponsiveness induced by PGF2α was prevented by pretreatment with the ganglion blocking drug hexamethonium (5 mg/kg given intravenously). The results show that PGF2α specifically increases the responsiveness of pulmonary airways in doses that do not cause bronchoncostriction, and suggest that the hyperresponsiveness involves a neural mechanism such as increased responsiveness of airway sensory nerves. 相似文献
15.
Preliminary characterization indicated the presence of separate prostaglandin (PG)E1 and (PG)F2α binding sites in membrane fractions prepared from bovine corpora lutea. These differ in the rate and temperature dependence of the specific binding. Equilibrium binding data indicate the apparent dissociation constants as 1.32 × 10−9M and 2.1 × 10−8M for PGE1 and PGF2α, respectively. Competition of several natural prostaglandins for the PGE1 and PGF2α bovine luteal specific binding sites indicates specificity for the 9-keto or 9α-hydroxyl moiety, respectively. Differences in relative ability to inhibit 3H-PG binding were found due to sensitivity to the absence or presence of the 5,6-cis-double bond as well.Bovine luteal function was affected following treatment of heifers with 25 mg PGF2α as measured by reduced estrous cycle length, decreased corpus luteum size and significantly decreased plasma progesterone levels. In contrast, treatment with 25 mg PGE1 resulted in cycle lengths comparable to those of non-treated herdmates with no apparent modification in corpus luteum size. However, plasma progesterone levels were increased significantly following PGE1 treatment compared to pretreatment values. In so far as data obtained
on PGF2α relative binding affinity to the bovine CL can be compared to data obtained independently
on PGF2α induced luteolysis in the bovine, PGF2α relative binding to the CL and luteolysis appeared to be associated. By similar reasoning, there was no apparent relationship between PGE1 relative binding affinity in the luteal fractions and luteolysis in estrous cyclic cattle. 相似文献
16.
Pregnant hamsters were administered (SC) prostaglandin or vehicle on the morning of the 4th day of pregnancy. Serum progesterone was significantly depressed (p<.01) at 0.5, 2, and 6 hours after treatment with 100 μg PGF2α. Serum progesterone levels were unchanged 2 hours and 6 hours after treatment with 100 μg PGF2β and 2 hours after treatment with 1 mg PGF2β. Progesterone levels were depressed to less than 1 ng/ml 6 hours after treatment with 1 mg PGF2β. The specific uptake of 3H-PGF2α in whole hamster corpora lutea was significantly depressed 2 hours and 6 hours following 100 μg PGF2α treatment. A 15% depression in specific uptake occurred 0.5 hour post-treatment. Treatment with 100 μg PGF2β resulted in no change. Administration of 1 mg PGF2β resulted in depressed 3H-PGF2α uptake at both 2 and 6 hours post-treatment.Prostacyclin (PGI2) treatment resulted in no change in either 3H-PGF2α specific uptake or serum progesterone 2 hours after 100 μg treatment SC. These parameters were both reduced approximately 30% 6 hours post-treatment. Treatment with 6-keto-PGF1α resulted in a complete lack of measurable 3H-PGF2α uptake and serum progesterone levels less than 1 ng/ml at both 2 and 6 hours after treatment with 1 mg SC. 相似文献
17.
Preliminary characterization indicated the presence of separate prostaglandin (PG)E1 and (PG)F2α binding sites in membrane fractions prepared from bovine corpora lutea. These differ in the rate and temperature dependence of the specific binding. Equilibrium binding data indicate the apparent dissociation constants as 1.32 × 10−9M and 2.1 × 10−8M for PGE1 and PGF2α, respectively. Competition of several natural prostaglandins for the PGE1 and PGF2α bovine luteal specific binding sites indicates specificity for the 9-keto or 9α-hydroxyl moiety, respectively. Differences in relative ability to inhibit 3H-PG binding were found due to sensitivity to the absence or presence of the 5,6-cis-double bond as well.Bovine luteal function was affected following treatment of heifers with 25 mg PGF2α as measured by reduced estrous cycle length, decreased corpus luteum size and significantly decreased plasma progesterone levels. In contrast, treatment with 25 mg PGE1 resulted in cycle lengths comparable to those of non-treated herdmates with no apparent modification in corpus luteum size. However, plasma progesterone levels were increased significantly following PGE1 treatment compared to pretreatment values. In so far as data obtained in vitro on PGF2α relative binding affinity to the bovine CL can be compared to data obtained independently in vitro on PGF2α induced luteolysis in the bovine, PGF2α relative binding to the CL and luteolysis appeared to be associated. By similar reasoning, there was no apparent relationship between PGE1 relative binding affinity in the luteal fractions and luteolysis in estrous cyclic cattle. 相似文献
18.
Six mature stallions were used to test the effect of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) on sperm production and seminal characteristics. Semen was collected from each stallion twice weekly 1 hr following a 10 mg intramuscular injection of PGF2α or a sham injection. A switchback design was used so that three stallions received PGF2 and three served as controls during the first 9 weeks (period 1). Threatment regimens were reversed during the second 9 weeks (period 2). Treatment of stallions with PGF2α resulted in an increase (/prmP<.05) in gel free seminla voume and a decrease in sperm cell concentration. Total spermatozoa, sperm cell motility, and percentage of primary and secondary sperm abnormalities or ejaculates were not significantly affected by treatment of stallions with PGF2α before semen collection. All treated stallions exhibited a pronounced sweating response to the drug. During the experiment, two of the six stallions masturbated within 20 to 30 minutes after PGF2α treatment without achieving an erection. 相似文献
19.
Ovine luteal slices were used to study the effects of prostaglandins (PG) F2α on luteinizing hormone (LH)-stimulated secretion of progesterone and adenylate cyclase activity. The accumulation of progesterone in incubation medium and adenylate cyclase activity was similar after incubation of luteal slices with Medium 199 alone or Medium 199 containing PGF2α (250 ng/ml) for 3 hr. Addition of luteinizing hormone (LH; 100 ng/ml) resulted in a 2–3 fold increase in both the rate of progesterone accumulation and adenylate eyclase activity by 3 hr. When luteal slices were incubated in the presence of both LH and PGF2α the rates of progesterone accumulation and adenylate cyclase activity were identical to those in flasks containing LH alone after 1 hr; however, after 3 hr both LH stimulated progesterone accumulation and adenylate cyclase activity were inhibited to levels similar to those observed in control slices.In a second experiment, after 60–120 min of exposure to PGF2α the rate of progesterone accumulation in the medium was not different from that in untreated control slices. In addition, after this experiment the luteal slices were homogenized and the basal, sodium fluoride, LH, isoproterenol (ISO) and PGE2 sensitive adenylate cyclase activities were determined to evaluate the hormonal specificity of the negative effect of the pretreatment with PGF2α. Both LH and ISO stimulated adenylate cyclase activities were reduced after PGF2α pretreatment. However, fluoride ion stimulated adenylate cyclase activity was not significantly effected by PGF2α pretreatment and PGE2 sensitive adenylate cyclase was effected only slightly. 相似文献
20.
H. Karppanen Anna-Leena Sirn Alice Eskeli-Kaivosoja 《Prostaglandins & other lipid mediators》1979,17(3):385-394
Administration of PGF2α (0.2–6.4 μg) into the lateral cerebral ventricle (i.c.v.) induced dosedependent increases in blood pressure, heart rate and body temperature in urethane-anaesthetised rats, but had no effect on these parameters when the same dose range was administered intravenously. Peripheral pretreatment with sodium meclofenamate (50 mg/kg s.c.) shifted all the dose-response curves for PGF2α (i.c.v.) to the left, but indomethacin (50 mg/kg s.c.) did not significantly affect those changes. Central pretreatment with sodium meclofenamate or indomethacin (1.25 mg per rat i.c.v.) failed to modify significantly the effects of centrally administered PGF2α.The results support previous suggestions that PGF2α may participate in the central control of the cardiovascular and thermoregulatory systems, and also suggest that there may be differences in the sites and/or modes of action between sodium meclofenamate and indomethacin. 相似文献