共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
Shirkot P Sharma DR Mohapatra T Shirkot CK 《Indian journal of experimental biology》2002,40(2):233-236
Molecular variability among seven cultivars of A. deliciosa var. deliciosa was investigated through RAPD markers. Thirty four decamer primers were screened generating polymorphic patterns of amplified DNA for these cultivars. Twenty one selected primers gave clear and reporducible patterns. A total of 430 bands were produced and 29.37% of them were polymorphic. The patterns distinguished between the cultivars and their analysis established an approach to classification within A. deliciosa var. deliciosa based on RAPD markers. The dendrogram clearly differentiated male from female cultivars. While abbot and allison female cultivars were closely related, bruno and abbot female cultivars showed maximum dissimilarity. 相似文献
2.
RAPD genome analysis of 53 species and cultivars of the genus Lycopersicon (Tourn.) Mill. revealed their high genetic polymorphism (Tourn.) Mill., based on which their phylogenetic relationships were inferred. In total, 248 polymorphic DNA fragments were amplified. Intraspecific polymorphism was maximum (79%) in L. peruvianum and minimum (9%) in L. parviflorum. In general, genome divergence among cross-pollinating tomato species was substantially higher than in self-pollinating species. An UPGMA dendrogram constructed from the RAPD patterns was consisted with the Lycopersicon phylogeny inferred from the molecular data of RFLP, ISSR, and microsatellite analyses and with a classification based on morphological characters. The relationships of taxa within the genus Lycopersicon are discussed. 相似文献
3.
Identification of molecular markers in soybean comparing RFLP,RAPD and AFLP DNA mapping techniques 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16
Jhy-Jhu Lin Jonathan Kuo Jin Ma James A. Saunders Hunter S. Beard Margaret H. MacDonald William Kenworthy George N. Ude Benjamin F. Matthews 《Plant Molecular Biology Reporter》1996,14(2):156-169
Three different DNA mapping techniques—RFLP, RAPD and AFLP—were used on identical soybean germplasm to compare their ability
to identify markers in the development of a genetic linkage map. Polymorphisms present in fourteen different soybean cultivars
were demonstrated using all three techniques. AFLP, a novel PCR-based technique, was able to identify multiple polymorphic
bands in a denaturing gel using 60 of 64 primer pairs tested. AFLP relies on primers designed in part on sequences for endonuclease
restriction sites and on three selective nucleotides. The 60 diagnostic primer pairs tested for AFLP analysis each distinguished
on average six polymorphic bands. Using specific primers designed for soybean fromEco RI andMse I restriction site sequences and three selective nucleotides, as many as 12 polymorphic bands per primer could be obtained
with AFLP techniques. Only 35% of the RAPD reactions identified a polymorphic band using the same soybean cultivars, and in
those positive reactions, typically only one or two polymorphic bands per gel were found. Identification of polymorphic bands
using RFLP techniques was the most cumbersome, because Southern blotting and probe hybridization were required. Over 50% of
the soybean RFLP probes examined failed to distinguish even a single polymorphic band, and the RFLP probes that did distinguish
polymorphic bands seldom identified more than one polymorphic band. We conclude that, among the three techniques tested, AFLP
is the most useful. 相似文献
4.
Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) analysis was for the first time used to study the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships in 54 wild accessions and cultivars of the genus Lycopersicon. Analysis involved 14 ISSR primers homologous to microsatellite repeats and containing additional selective anchor nucleotides. In total, 318 ISSR fragments were amplified for the wild and cultivated tomato genomes. The interspecific polymorphism revealed with the ISSR primers was 95.6%. Species-specific ISSR fragments were detected for each tomato species. The highest number (more than 20) of species-specific fragments were obtained for L. esculentum sensu lato, although the intraspecific variation of ISSR patterns was low. UPGMA cluster analysis was used to construct a dendrogram and to estimate the genetic distances between the species of the genus Lycopersicon; between populations of L. peruvianum, L. pimpinellifolium, and L. esculentum; and between tomato cultivars. The ISSR-based phylogeny was generally consistent with Lycopersicon taxonomy based on morphological and molecular evidence, suggesting the applicability of ISSR analysis for genotyping and phylogenetic studies in tomato. 相似文献
5.
6.
Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers were used to assess the variability in tomato germplasm (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), which included 46 accessions from the following groups: vintage cultivars, modern cultivars, South American regional cultivars, and wild L. esculentum van cerasiforme. Two L. cheesmanii accessions served as an outgroup. The 48 accessions were monomorphic at 135 of the 215 RAPDs loci and 31 of the 48 RFLP loci that were assayed. Alleles were identified that distinguished the five groups and many of the cultivars. The frequency of polymorphic loci was low in vintage cultivars, with less than 2.8% of the loci being variable within the group. In contrast, introgression of wild germplasm into modern cultivars has increased the polymorphic loci to 11.6%, whereas within the group of regional cultivars linkage drag and outcrossing may be responsible for the further increase to 20.3%. These levels of genetic variability were lower in comparison to the 24.5% polymorphic loci of cerasiforme, a group that may contain unutilized desirable traits. The small genetic distance from the vintage cultivars to several of the widely distributed regionals and cerasiformes indicated that proximity of vintage cultivars in Latin America may have resulted in intercrossing of these materials with the wilder germplasm. RAPDs appear promising for both germplasm fingerprinting and as a predictor of genetic diversity for plant breeding applications. 相似文献
7.
Six parent and their 12 gamma ray-induced somatic flower colour mutants of garden rose were characterized to discriminate
the mutants from their respective parents and understanding the genetic diversity using Random amplification of polymorphic
DNA (RAPD) markers. Out of 20 primers screened, 14 primers yielded completely identical fragments patterns. The other 7 primers
gave highly polymorphic banding patterns among the radiomutants. All the cultivars were identified by using only 7 primers.
Moreover, individual mutants were also distinguished by unique RAPD marker bands. Based on the presence or absence of the
48 polymorphic bands, the genetic variations within and among the 18 cultivars were measured. Genetic distance between all
18 cultivars varied from 0.40 to 0.91, as revealed by Jaccard’s coefficient matrix. A dendrogram was constructed based on
the similarity matrix using the Neighbor Joining Tree method showed three main clusters. The present RAPD analysis can be
used not only for estimating genetic diversity present in gamma ray-induced mutants but also for correct identification of
mutant/new varieties for their legal protection under plant variety rights. 相似文献
8.
M. B. Ratnaparkhe V. S. Gupta M. R. Ven Murthy P. K. Ranjekar 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1995,91(6-7):893-898
Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used for the identification of pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] cultivars and their related wild species. The use of single primers of arbitrary nucleotide sequence resulted in the selective amplification of DNA fragments that were unique to individual accessions. The level of polymorphism among the wild species was extremely high, while little polymorphism was detected within Cajanus cajan accessions. All of the cultivars and wild species under study could be easily distinguished with the help of different primers, thereby indicating the immense potential of RAPD in the genetic fingerprinting of pigeonpea. On the basis of our data the genetic relationship between pigeonpea cultivars and its wild species could be established.NCL Communication No. 6062 相似文献
9.
10.
宁夏枸杞遗传多样性的RAPD分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用13个经筛选在样品间具多态性的10碱基随机引物,对宁夏枸杞(Lycium barbarum L.)4个主要栽培品种及3个宁夏野生枸杞的总DNA进行PCR扩增。在样品间共产生123条RAPD标记带,其中多态性带68条,多态性百分比为55.28%;以Ntsyspc2.1软件计算样品间的遗传相似系数,并进行UPGMA聚类分析。结果表明宁夏枸杞栽培品种间遗传关系较近,特别是宁杞1号和宁杞2号,相似性系数达81.82%;而野生枸杞与栽培品种间遗传关系较远。 相似文献
11.
Two approaches were used to detect variability within 23 pea cultivars. Eight random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers
produced 163 bands (114 polymorphic), whereas five isoenzyme systems produced 25 bands (20 polymorphic). Both methods provided
good results in finger-printing and identified all cultivars tested. Genetic similarity analysis (UPGMA) gave different results
from RAPD and isoenzyme data. This could reflect different properties of both marker types. These data were also analysed
using the bootstrap method, which supported the idea of one common progenitor of cultivated peas.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
12.
McNally K.L. Mutschler M.A. 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》1997,3(3):203-212
RAPD primers were identified as giving parent-specific bands when screened with a set of introgression lines containing introgressed regions of Lycopersicon pennellii that encompass 5 quantitative trait loci affiliated with the production and composition of acylsugars, compounds associated with insect resistance. Primers giving L. pennellii introgression specific bands were zonally mapped to identify bands affiliated with the quantitative trait target and flanking regions using subsets of 7 to 16 F2 individuals which contained small overlapping segments (zones) of the L. pennellii genome spanning those regions. Seventeen RAPD primers, agt-related primers, and an agt clone were then used in mapping the complete F2 population of 144 individuals. This work resulted in the identification of RAPD markers for three of the 5 quantitative trait loci and the construction of an integrated RAPD/RFLP genomic map for tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum x L. pennellii LA716) of 111 RAPD and 8 acylglucose transferase related markers added to a framework map of 150 RFLP markers. 相似文献
13.
用分子标记技术分析不同生态型芦苇的遗传多样性 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
用分子标记技术对河西走廊4种不同生态型芦苇进行了遗传多态性分子标记分析。从30条ISSR引物和45条RAPD引物中分别筛选出适合4种不同生态型芦苇分析的9条和13条引物,前者共扩增出99条带,多态性位点数为51;后者共扩增出195条带,多态性位点数为87。两种分子标记分析所得的遗传相似系数呈显著正相关(r=0.845,P<0.05)。4种生态型芦苇表现出由水生芦苇经盐渍芦苇向沙丘芦苇逐渐演化的趋势。 相似文献
14.
鸢尾属植物遗传多样性的 RAPD和ISSR分析 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
应用RAPD和ISSR标记技术,对来自不同产地的鸢尾属(IrisL.)4个野生种的遗传多样性进行了分析。结果表明,12个RAPD和ISSR引物分别扩增出225和196条带,多态性条带分别为215和196条,多态性条带百分率分别为95.56%和100.00%;种间总基因多样度分别为0.368 9和0.357 5、种内基因多样度分别为0.107 7和0.138 0,表明鸢尾属种间遗传多样性较高,且种间变异大于种内变异。4个野生种中,蝴蝶花(I.japonicaThunb.)的遗传组成较为丰富。此外,种内遗传关系与地理分布和环境差异有一定的相关性。 相似文献
15.
The genetic background of the garlic (Allium sativum L.) is not well understood, since it is cultivated exclusively by vegetative propagation. To understand its genetic background,
a local cultivar, Danyang, was chosen, and several basic characteristics of its chromosomal DNA were examined. Its G + C content
was 40.6%, and the relative proportion of fast reassociated sequences, intermediate reassociated sequences, and slow reassociated
sequences were 12%, 40%, and 48%, respectively. The genome size, calculated based on reassociation kinetic experiments, was
1.11 x 1010 bp or 12.16 pg per haploid genome. To compare the genetic variation among four local cultivars, Munkyung, Seosan, Euiseong,
and Danyang, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was performed. By using slightly longer primers, 18–24 nucleotides
in size, than the traditional primers used for such analysis, more reliable RAPD results were obtained. 15 primers gave rise
to amplified bands, and the results could be grouped into two categories. The patterns of amplified products produced by 12
primers, group A, were polymorphic. These results were analyzed using a NTSYS-PC (Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate Analysis
System), and a dendrogram grouping the four local cultivars was produced. The three primers of group B gave rise to a monomorphic
band pattern from four local garlic clutivars, indicating that these primers possibly recognize garlic specific sequences.
These primers were useful in identifying genetic variations among theAllium species. 相似文献
16.
X Sun Q Mu D Jiang C Wang XC Wang JG Fang 《Genetics and molecular research : GMR》2012,11(3):2071-2080
We optimized RAPD techniques by increasing the length of RAPD primers and performing a strict screening of PCR annealing temperature to distinguish 60 sweet orange cultivars from the Research Institute of Pomology at the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. A new approach called cultivar identification diagram (CID) was used to improve the efficiency of RAPD markers for cultivar identification. Thirteen effective primers were first screened from 54 RAPD arbitrary 11-mer primers based on their amplification products and amplified polymorphic bands; they were then used for PCR amplification of all 60 cultivars. All cultivars were manually and completely separated by the polymorphic bands appearing in DNA fingerprints from 13 primers; a CID of the 60 sweet orange cultivars was then constructed. This CID separated all the cultivars from each other, based on the polymorphic bands; the corresponding primers were marked in the correct positions on the sweet orange CID. The CID strategy facilitates the identification of fruit cultivars with DNA markers. This CID of sweet orange cultivars will be very useful for the protection of cultivar rights and for early identification of seedlings in the nursery industry. 相似文献
17.
U. Galderisi M. Cipollaro G. Di Bernardo L. De Masi G. Galano A. Cascino 《Plant cell reports》1999,18(7-8):652-655
The random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique offers a useful tool to detect DNA polymorphisms. It can also be used
to distinguish different clones and cultivars. We have developed a comprehensive RAPD-based procedure for the routine molecular
typing of various plants. Here we report the application of this technique for the correct identification of six hazelnut
cultivars (Corylus avellana) widespread in the Campania region (south Italy). The analysed hazelnut cultivars were successfully distinguished by their
RAPD fingerprints using the DNA primers U2, U3, U4, U11 and U14. However, in each cultivar we observed very low genetic heterogeneity
among the clonal variants. Since this technique is among the simplest and easiest methods used to fingerprint DNA, it could
be easily transferred to less sophisticated laboratory infrastructures (e.g. outstations of crop regulatory agencies).
Received: 20 December 1997 / Revision received: 6 August 1998 / Accepted: 13 November 1998 相似文献
18.
Evaluation of AFLPs for germplasm fingerprinting and assessment of genetic diversity in cultivars of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.). 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Cultivated tomato (L. esculentum L.) germplasm exhibits limited genetic variation compared with wild Lycopersicon species. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers were used to evaluate genetic variation among 74 cultivars, primarily from California, and to fingerprint germplasm to determine if cultivar-specific patterns could be obtained. All 74 cultivars were genotyped using 26 AFLP primer combinations; of the 1092 bands scored, 102 AFLP bands (9.3%) were polymorphic. Pair-wise genetic similarity coefficients (Jaccard and Nei-Li) were calculated. Jaccard coefficients varied from 0.16 to 0.98 among cultivar pairs, and 72% of pair-wise comparisons exceeded 0.5. UPGMA (unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic averaging) clustering and principle component analysis revealed four main clusters, I-IV; most modern hybrid cultivars grouped in II, whereas most vintage cultivars grouped in I. Clusters III and IV contained three and two cultivars, respectively. Some groups of cultivars closely related by pedigree exhibited high bootstrap values, but lower values (<50%) were obtained for cluster II and its four subgroups. Unique fingerprints for all 74 cultivars were obtained by a minimum of seven AFLP primer pairs, despite inclusion of some closely related cultivars. This study demonstrated that AFLP markers are effective for obtaining unique fingerprints of, and assessing genetic diversity among, tomato cultivars. 相似文献
19.
A. Abo-elwafa K. Murai T. Shimada 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1995,90(3-4):335-340
Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to estimate intra- and interspecific variations in the genus Lens (lentil). Twenty cultivars of L. culinaris ssp. culinaris, including 11 microsperma (small-seeded) and nine macrosperma (large-seeded) types, and 16 wild relatives (four accessions each of L. culinaris ssp. orientalis, L. odemensis, L. nigricans and L. ervoides), were evaluated for genetic variability using a set of 40 random 10-mer primers. Fifty reproducibly scorable DNA bands were observed from ten of the primers, 90% of which were polymorphic. Genetic distances between each of the accessions were calculated from simple matching coefficients. A dendrogram showing genetic relationships between them was constructed by an unweighted pair-group method with arithmetical averages (UPGMA). This study revealed that (1) expect for L. ervoides, the level of intraspecific variation in cultivated lentil is lower than that in wild species, (2) L. culinaris ssp. orientalis is the most likely candidate for a progenitor of the cultivated species, and (3) microsperma and macrosperma cultivars were indistinguishable by the RAPD markers identified here. 相似文献
20.
苦瓜种质遗传多样性的RAPD和ISSR分析 总被引:10,自引:1,他引:9
采用RAPD和ISSR分子标记技术对38份苦瓜种质进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明:10个RAPD和10个ISSR引物分别扩增出93条和81条带,多态性比率分别为50.54%和61.29%;RAPD和ISSR标记检测供试材料的遗传相似性系数(GS)范围,分别为0.287~1和0.221~1,ISSR(平均GS值0.672)检测多态性效果高于RAPD(平均GS值0.694)。RAPD标记聚类分析将供试种质分为3个类群6组,分类结果与苦瓜瓜瘤的表型分类比较相似;ISSR标记聚类分析将供试种质分为3个类群7组,ISSR标记划分类群与形态上以颜色分类比较接近。RAPD和ISSR标记的遗传相似性系数呈显著相关(r=0.550)。两个标记整合后聚类分析可检测到更大的遗传变异,结果与苦瓜的农艺性状分类和地理分布有一定的相关性。 相似文献