乳糖诱导的重组人血管内皮抑素(rhEndostatin)蛋白的表达

研究用乳糖替代IPTG作为诱导剂进行重组蛋白的表达,观察乳糖对乳糖操纵子调控的基因工程菌发酵及重组血管内皮抑素表达的影响,从而选取最佳诱导表达条件。以重组人血管内皮抑素表达工程菌pETrhEN/BL21(DE3)作为研究对象,分别用IPTG和乳糖作为诱导剂,在摇瓶中进行表达实验。并对重组蛋白质表达量进行分析。然后在5 L发酵罐中进行验证。在摇瓶培养条件下,乳糖浓度大于0.5 g/L即可以诱导目的蛋白的表达。乳糖浓度1 g/L时诱导目的蛋白表达量与1 mmol/L的IPTG相当,当乳糖浓度为10 g/L,目的蛋白表达量达到最大。在发酵罐培养条件下,补料4 h后葡萄糖浓度基本耗尽,此时开始加入乳糖。诱导后1 h,即有重组蛋白表达,在诱导后4 h达到高峰(占菌体可溶性蛋白的56%),与此同时,诱导后5 h菌体浓度也达到最高值。在以乳糖操纵子为调控手段的工程菌表达系统中,可以使用乳糖作为诱导剂,诱导应在葡萄糖消耗完后进行。     

乳糖诱导木聚糖酶基因在大肠杆菌中的可溶性表达

以构建好的大肠杆菌工程菌BL21(DE3)/xylanase为研究对象,研究了以IPTG和乳糖作为诱导剂时重组蛋白的表达规律。在摇瓶发酵条件下研究了诱导剂浓度、诱导时机、诱导培养时间和诱导培养温度对目标蛋白表达的影响。实验结果表明,乳糖作为诱导剂时,重组菌产酶活力33.9 U/mg略高于IPTG作为诱导剂时重组菌产酶活力28.10 U/mg,这为乳糖作为诱导剂应用于重组大肠杆菌生产木聚糖酶提供了参考依据。     

argE基因在大肠杆菌中的表达优化

N-乙酰鸟氨酸脱酰基酶可在重组菌BL21（DE3）-pET22b-argE中表达。首先确定了该酶的细胞表达定位,再研究了诱导温度、诱导剂种类及浓度、诱导起始菌体密度、诱导时间等因素对重组菌生长及目的蛋白表达活性的影响。结果表明,IPTG和乳糖皆可诱导目的蛋白表达,乳糖的诱导效果优于IPTG。在诱导起始0D600为0．46时加入15g／L乳糖,20℃诱导18h最适于目的蛋白的活性表达。表达条件优化后,酶活从1．68U／mL提高至282．99U／mL,约为原来的168倍。     

乳糖代替IPTG诱导重组人胸腺肽α1在大肠杆菌中的表达

研究以乳糖代替IPTG作为诱导剂诱导重组人胸腺肽α1表达的可行性,对乳糖诱导的时机、乳糖浓度、诱导持续时间以及其它诱导条件进行研究,确定了乳糖诱导的最佳条件。结果表明,乳糖能有效地诱导重组人胸腺肽α1的表达,并且目的蛋白的表达量略高于IPTG的诱导量。     

Pseudomonas putida S1海藻糖合成酶表达质粒的构建及诱导条件优化

采用PCR方法从Pseudomonas putida S1中克隆出编码海藻糖合成酶的基因treS,并与质粒pQE30T相连,构建了表达质粒pQE—TS2。将此重组质粒转化宿主菌E．coliM15进行诱导表达。十二烷基磺酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶SDS—PAGE电泳结果表明,treS基因在大肠杆菌中获得了高效表达。通过对诱导温度、诱导剂浓度、加诱导剂时间和诱导时间的优化研究,在菌液生长至OD600值为0．6时,加入诱导剂IPTG至终浓度0．01mmol／L,20℃诱导20h,蛋白的表达量达到每克干细胞89mg的蛋白,粗酶液酶活达到19U／mL。     

三角酵母D-氨基酸氧化酶基因在大肠杆菌中的克隆和表达

从三角酵母中提取总RNA ,反转录后进行PCR扩增得到D 氨基酸氧化酶 (D AminoAcidOxidase ,DAAO)基因 ,经测序可知 ,与文献中三角酵母的DAAO基因序列的同源性在 99%以上。将DAAO基因用NcoⅠ和BamHⅠ双酶切后 ,与相同酶切的大肠杆菌表达载体pET 2 8a连接 ,转化大肠杆菌TOP 1 0F′,并筛选得到重组质粒pET DAAO ,转化BL2 1 (DE3)感受态细胞 ,得到重组大肠杆菌BL2 1 (DE3) pET DAAO。对重组大肠杆菌中的D 氨基酸氧化酶进行了诱导表达 ,考察了诱导温度、菌浓度、诱导剂IPTG用量以及溶氧等因素对酶活的影响。结果表明 ,在 2 8℃、菌浓度 (OD6 0 0 ) 1 0、IPTG浓度 1mmol L时 ,DAAO酶活最高达 2 3 3U mL。研究进一步显示 ,用廉价无毒的乳糖可以替代IPTG进行诱导 ,当乳糖浓度为 2mmol L ,DAAO酶活可达 2 2 7U mL。经过补料分批培养和乳糖诱导 ,DAAO酶活可以达到 1 75U mL。     

乳糖诱导重组多价人精子表位肽在大肠杆菌中的表达

旨在研究用乳糖替代IPTG作为诱导剂进行重组多价人精子抗原表位肽的表达及诱导表达的优化条件.在摇瓶发酵条件下,通过改变培养基组成、诱导时机、诱导温度、诱导剂浓度、诱导时间和诱导方式等条件,利用SDS-PAGE电泳和AlphaEase凝胶电泳图像分析系统,研究以上条件改变对GST-重组多价人精子抗原表位肽融合蛋白表达量的影响,并与IPTG诱导结果相比较.结果显示,在摇瓶试验中,最优表达条件为选用TB培养基,在菌体对数生长的中期进行诱导,诱导温度37℃、乳糖诱导终浓度3 mmol/L、诱导时间6 h.GST-重组多价人精子抗原表位肽融合蛋白的表达量占菌体总蛋白的30.5％,且主要以可溶形式表达,与IPTG的诱导结果相同.分批流加乳糖和一次性加入乳糖诱导,效果一样.乳糖可以替代IPTG作为诱导剂诱导GST-重组多价人精子抗原表位肽融合蛋白的表达,优化条件下可获得与IPTG相同的诱导表达效果.     

乳糖替代IPTG诱导脱色酶TpmD基因在大肠杆菌中的高效表达

本文考察了乳糖代替IPTG诱导三苯基甲烷类染料脱色酶TpmD在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中表达的可行性, 分别对用乳糖作为诱导剂时的诱导时机、乳糖浓度、诱导持续时间和添加方式进行优化并与IPTG诱导的差异等方面进行了比较分析, 确定了乳糖诱导的最佳条件。结果表明, 在工程菌对数生长中期(OD600约为0.8)添加终浓度为0.4 mmol/L的乳糖诱导6 h的条件下能获得最大量的目的蛋白和菌体量。由于乳糖可以作为碳源被菌体利用, 分批添加乳糖效果优于一次性添加。乳糖诱导条件下目的蛋白表达量占总蛋白的35.62%, 与IPTG诱导条件下的35.03%无明显差异。乳糖诱导后外源蛋白的表达时间有所滞后, 但收获的菌体量高于IPTG诱导, 显示出了乳糖同样是一种T7启动子的廉价高效诱导剂, 可以代替昂贵的IPTG用于脱色酶TpmD的规模化发酵, 同时也为其他重组蛋白的生产提供了有益的参考和借鉴。     

A型产气荚膜梭菌α毒素基因表达及其免疫保护作用的初步研究

利用PCR技术,从A型产气荚膜梭菌标准株染色体DNA中扩增出α毒素基因,构建了含α毒素基因的重组菌株BL21(DE3)(pXETA02)。经酶切鉴定和序列测定证实,构建的表达质粒pXETA02含有α毒素基因序列。经SDS-PAGE、Western blot分析和ELISA检测,重组菌株表达的α毒素蛋白能够被α毒素单抗识别。表达优化结果表明,以IPTG为诱导剂诱导α毒素表达的优化条件是:培养基pH 7.5,培养温度37℃,IPTG浓度0.8mmol/L,菌体生长密度OD600达到0.8时加入IPTG,诱导时间5h,此时α毒素蛋白表达量为34.83%。以乳糖为诱导剂诱导α毒素表达的优化条件是:培养基pH7.5、培养温度37℃,乳糖浓度0.1g/L,菌体生长密度OD600达到0.8时加入乳糖,诱导时间5h,α毒素蛋白表达量为23.82%。动物实验结果表明,用重组菌株α毒素蛋白免疫的小鼠可以抵抗1MLD的A型产气荚膜梭菌标准株C57-1毒素攻击。     

GABAA受体蛋白片段在大肠杆菌细胞表达条件研究*

为了提高GABAA受体a1蛋白片段在大肠杆菌中表达量,研究了重组菌的发酵条件,包括培养基、接种量、温度、摇床转速、pH、诱导培养时间和诱导剂IPTG使用浓度等对GABAA受体蛋白片段表达的影响。结果表明重组菌以LB培养基为发酵基质,按3％接种量,37℃培养细胞3.5h后IPTG 32℃诱导5h,菌体生物量为3.25g/L,目标蛋白表达量达95mg/L。用16L发酵罐进行放大培养,菌体生物量达4.95g/L,发酵周期5.5h,最高目标蛋白表达量达到136mg/L.     

Preparation of recombinant alpha-thrombin: high-level expression of recombinant human prethrombin-2 and its activation by recombinant ecarin

We have established a large-scale manufacturing system to produce recombinant human alpha-thrombin. In this system, a high yield of alpha-thrombin is prepared from prethrombin-2 activated by recombinant ecarin. We produced human prethrombin-2 using mouse myeloma cells and an expression plasmid carrying the chicken beta-actin promoter and mutant dihydrofolate reductase gene for gene amplification. To increase prethrombin-2 expression further, we performed fed-batch cultivation with the addition of vegetable peptone in 50 liters of suspension culture. After five feedings of vegetable peptone, the expression level of the recombinant prethrombin-2 reached 200 micro g/ml. Subsequently, the recombinant prethrombin-2 could be activated to alpha-thrombin by recombinant ecarin expressed in a similar manner. Finally, recombinant alpha-thrombin was purified to homogeneity by affinity chromatography using a benzamidine-Sepharose gel. The yield from prethrombin-2 in culture medium was approximately 70%. The activity of the purified recombinant alpha-thrombin, including hydrolysis of a chromogenic substrate, release of fibrinopeptide A, and activation of protein C, was indistinguishable from that of plasma-derived alpha-thrombin. Our system is suitable for the large-scale production of recombinant alpha-thrombin, which can be used in place of clinically available alpha-thrombin derived from human or bovine plasma.     

Generation of recombinant antibodies

Recombinant antibody technology is opening new perspectives for the development of novel therapeutic and diagnostic agents. In this review we focus on advances in the generation of both genetically engineered humanized and fully human monoclonal antibodies. Methods for their production in different expression systems are also discussed.     

蛋白质复性研究进展

许多蛋白在大肠杆菌中高效表达时,其产物常以无活性的包含体形式存在,包含体蛋白的复性往往是制备这些蛋白的关键步骤之一,蛋白复性包括肽链折叠和分子内二硫键的氧化这两个互相影响的过程,本文综述了蛋白折叠过程的研究进展,及促进蛋白折叠和二硫键氧化的方法。     

The use of recombinant fusion proteases in the affinity purification of recombinant proteins

In the affinity purification of recombinant fusion proteins, the rate-limiting step is usually the efficient proteolytic cleavage and removal of the affinity tail and the protease from the purified recombinant protein. We have developed a rapid, convenient, and efficient method of affinity purification that can overcome this limitation. In one example of the method, the protease 3C from a picornavirus (3Cpro), which cleaves specific sequences containing a minimum of 6-7 amino acids, has been expressed as a fusion with glutathione S-transferase. The resultant recombinant "fusion protease" cleaves fusion proteins bearing (from the amino-terminus) the same affinity tail as the fusion protease, a 3Cpro cleavage recognition site, and the recombinant protein of interest. The recombinant protein is purified in a single chromatographic step, which removes both the affinity tail and the fusion protease. The advantages over existing methods include much improved specificity of proteolytic cleavage, complete removal of the protease and the affinity tail in one step, and the option of adding any desired amount of fusion protease to ensure efficient cleavage. The potential flexibility of the method is shown by the use of various affinity tails and alternative fusion proteases.     

Antithrombotic recombinant antibodies

Coronary syndromes, stroke and other ischaemic arterial diseases are the leading cause of death in the world and will probably remain it at least until 2020. Cardiovascular diseases kill 17 million people each year with an expected increase to 20 million in 2020 and 24 million in 2030. The global impact of recurrence and death during the 6 months following an acute coronary syndrome remains at 8-15% in the present state of medical practice. Acute ischaemic syndromes have a common aetiology that is the formation of a platelet-rich clot at the site of severe coronary stenosis and of eroded atherosclerotic plaques. Therapy consists of medical treatments associating thrombolysis, antiplatelet drugs, and the re-opening of the coronary artery by angioplasty. But these treatments do not prevent morbidity and mortality reaching 15% at 6 months. Finally the treatment of stroke is very limited. There is thus a real clinical need to improve existing treatments and to discover new molecules. Platelet activation is a critical step in ischaemic cardiovascular diseases. This is the reason why antiplatelet drugs are most often prescribed in these cases. Currently, only one recombinant antithrombotic antibody is used in therapy. This is a chimeric Fab, c7E3 or abciximab, which inhibits the final phase of platelet aggregation. Abciximab is prescribed in acute coronary syndromes treated by angioplasty. However, treatment by abciximab can induce severe complications, principally, hemorrages and thrombopenia. Other platelet receptors involved in the earlier steps of platelet activation, such as the phases of contact with and of activation by the subendothelium matrix, have been identified as potential targets for the development of antithrombotic antibodies and are described in this revue.     

重组溶葡萄球菌酶的PEG定点修饰

为获得高抗菌活性聚乙二醇(PEG)定点修饰的溶葡萄球菌酶(Lysn),根据该酶的高级结构,在它的催化域和结合域上优选8个位点(Q9、N13、N40、T172、N174、G197、V240和T244),将其分别突变成半胱氨酸,纯化后的溶葡萄球菌酶突变体经DTT处理后与20 kDa的单甲氧基聚乙二醇马来酰亚胺(m PEG-MAL)进行定点修饰反应,RP-HPLC分析显示PEG修饰率大于70%,修饰产物经MacroCap SP阳离子交换层析纯化后,PEG化溶葡萄球菌酶的纯度大于95%。比浊法和最小抑菌浓度(MIC)实验表明20K-PEG-Lysn V240C和20K-PEG-Lysn T244C的抗菌活性维持在原来的50%左右。研究结果为溶葡萄球菌酶全身给药治疗金黄色葡萄球菌感染奠定基础。