一种碱裂解菌液直接电泳快速筛选重组子的方法

目的：从碱裂解法提取质粒DNA的原理．经过实验摸索获得一种快速、经济、结果可靠的菌液直接碱裂解电泳筛选重组子的方法。方法：不需提取质粒DNA．只需将细菌培养液碱裂解后直接进行普通琼脂糖凝胶电泳分析,就可以快速筛选出转化重组子。结果：结果和提取质粒酶切鉴定鉴定结果一致。结论：经实验证明菌液直接碱裂解电泳筛选重组子是一种快速、经济、可靠的方法。     

一种经济、简便和准确鉴定重组质粒的方法

目的：提高重组质粒的筛选效率,探讨一种经济、快速并准确的重组质粒鉴定方法。方法：取200μl菌液于Eppendorf管中高速离心1min,倒出上清,沉淀中加入20μl裂解缓冲液以裂解细胞并释放出内部质粒,10000r/min离心10min后取5～10μl上清液进行琼脂糖凝胶电泳,并比较其迁移位置来以判断重组质粒。结果：该方法鉴定结果和PCR鉴定结果完全一致。结论：该方法具有成本低廉、简便快速的特点,在对大量样品进行鉴定时具明显优势,适合在常规实验室推广。     

一种简便快速检测质粒DNA的方法

简便、快速检测质粒DNA的方法,无论是 在筛选、鉴定新质粒或重组质粒的研究中都具有重要的意义。我们在将质粒pBR 322 DNA与 A DNA进行体外重组、筛选和鉴定重组子过程 中,摸索了一种简便快速检测质粒及重组质粒 DNA的方法。此法对菌体和溶菌产物不需任 何处理,比较简便易行     

含小插入片段重组子筛选鉴定方法之探讨

基因工程中,重组ＤＮＡ时,当外源ＤＮＡ很小并与载体相差很大时,其目的重组子的筛选鉴定工作不仅量大,而且常规鉴定方法无法采用。本文针对此类重组子的鉴定方法作了探讨,提出了三级四步筛选鉴定法,即：质粒筛选、重组鉴定、目的重组鉴定和双酶切鉴定。该法不仅有效地解决了国内普通实验条件下含小插入片段重组子的鉴定问题,大大缩小鉴定范围,而且快速省耗的鉴定方法也为ｐＧＥＸ载体系统的更广泛应用提供了新的启示。     

PCR快速筛选重组克隆方法的建立

目的：建立一种PCR技术快速筛选重组克隆的方法。方法：用Triton裂解菌落作为模板,以pMD-18T载体多克隆位点设计的引物与目的基因猪β-INF引物设计不同组合,PCR扩增待检重组克隆。结果：PCR技术快速筛选出猪β-INF重组克隆并鉴定了插入方向。结论：在采用PCR方法直接使用细菌菌落参与反应可以快速筛选重组克隆。     

用酚-氯仿直接从克隆中提取质粒DNA

目的:对用酚-氯仿直接从克隆中提取质粒DNA的方法进行了研究。方法:采用不同次数的酚-氯仿抽提,在不同RNaseA作用温度及作用时间下提取了三种质粒。结果:用酚-氯仿抽提2次,RNase A45℃作用8min,质粒纯度(OD260/OD280)为1.85左右、产量大于0.8μg/克隆。结论:本法不但快速,且所提质粒均能满足后续实验如酶切鉴定、测序等方面的需要。对于大批量重组克隆的筛选尤为适合。     

PCR简便快速筛选阳性克隆

目前常用的筛选阳性重组子的方法主要有快提质粒酶切法及杂交筛选法[1] ,但这两种方法均存在不足之处。比如快提质粒法需要提取质粒 ,在筛选大量样品时操作比较繁琐 ;而杂交法存在操作周期长并要使用同位素等不足。由于ＰＣＲ技术具有操作简便且灵敏度极高的特点[2 ] ,近年出现了一些利用ＰＣＲ技术筛选阳性克隆的方法[3] ,但这些方法在制备ＰＣＲ扩增模板时仍然需要提取被筛选样品菌的质粒。我们用溶菌酶处理被筛选样品菌细菌悬液 ,并对悬液加热 ,以使质粒分散于菌细胞之外。然后直接以该悬液为模板 ,使用ＰＣＲ对重组质粒上的特定序列进行…     

含小插入片段重组子段选鉴定方法之探讨

基因工程中,重组ＤＮＡ时,当外源ＤＮＡ很小并与载体相差很大时,其目的重组的筛选鉴定工作不仅量大,而且常规鉴定方法无法采用。本文针对此类重组子的鉴定方法作了探讨,提出了三级四步筛选鉴定法,即：质粒筛选、重组鉴定、目的重组鉴定和双酶切鉴定。该法不仅有效地解决了国内解决实验条件下含小插入片段重组子的鉴定问题,大大缩小鉴定范围,而且快速省耗的鉴定方法也为ｐＧＥＸ载体系统的更广泛应用提供了新的启示。     

利用DREAM设计和同源重组进行一步定点突变

目的：建立基于DREAM设计和同源重组的简便、快速定点突变方法。方法：设计两条包含突变的反向PCR（inverse PCR）引物,使其5'端互补从而产生同源重组,同时使用DREAM设计方案在上述引物中引入限制性内切酶位点以便突变子筛选。用能扩增长片段的高保真耐热 DNA聚合酶扩增全长的质粒DNA,直接转化大肠杆菌。转化到细菌中的全长质粒DNA PCR产物可利用其末端同源序列发生同源重组而环化。利用引入的酶切位点方便地进行突变子的筛选。结果：我们用该方法成功地对长度大于7 kb的质粒进行了定点突变。结论：本定点突变无需任何突变试剂盒和特殊的试剂,只需一步反应即可完成;利用DREAM设计使克隆筛选简便可靠,高保真耐热DNA聚合酶可保证多数突变子克隆不发生意外突变,而该酶扩增长片段的能力使该方法适合于大多数质粒不经亚克隆直接突变。     

质粒DNA的酚-氯仿一步抽提法

本文介绍了一种极快速提取质粒DNA的方法。该法是对Serghini等发表的方法的改进,全过程只需用酚-氯仿混合液抽提一次,用时少,操作简便,适用于大规模筛选重组克隆子,也可直接用作转化、酶切及DNA序列测定。     

The novel method for isolating chitinolytic bacteria and its application in screening for hyperchitinase producing mutant of Alcaligenes xylosoxydans

AIMS: To develop a novel, rapid and effective screening method for chitinase producing bacteria. METHODS AND RESULTS: A simple and rapid technique for screening of potential chitinolytic bacteria has been developed using the chitin binding dye calcofluor white M2R in chitin agar. Microorganisms possessing high chitinolytic potential gave a clear zone under ultraviolet light after 24-48 h of incubation. This method was successfully applied for isolating the hyperchitinase mutant of Alcaligenes xylosoxydans. The mutant Alc. xylosoxydans EMS 33 was found to produce 3.4 times more chitinase than the wild type. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the screening method for chitinase producing bacteria has been developed and it was applied to screen chitinase-overproducing mutant of Alc. xylosoxydans. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The novel screening method for chitinase producer is more sensitive, rapid, user-friendly and reliable, which can also be used for screening of recombinants having chitinase gene.     

快速LacZ检测法提高酵母双杂交试验的敏感度

目的：建立快速简单敏感准确的LacZ检测法。方法：将在SD/-Trp-Leu培养液中过培养的待检测酵母菌直接点样在滤纸上进行LacZ检测,筛选出LacZ阳性克隆。结果：将小鼠3T3文加转化含有WWP1的酵母菌,选出10个较大的SD/-Trp-Leu-His培养阳性的克隆,利用快速LacZ检测法检测这10个酵母克隆,结果在5h内不同程度地变蓝,呈阳性结果;而作为对照的传统检测方法在8h内的检测结果均显示为阴性。结论：采用快速LacZ检测法检测蛋白质之间的相互作用可以大大缩短筛选的时间,简化筛选的步骤,增加检测的敏感度和准确性。     

A high-throughput screening method for amino acid dehydrogenase

A simple and rapid screening method for amino acid dehydrogenase (e.g., leucine dehydrogenase, LDH) has been developed. It relies on a competitive relationship between a non-fluorescent Cu(II)–calcein complex and amino acid (e.g., l-2-aminobutyric acid, l-ABA). When ABA was introduced to a Cu(II)–calcein solution, it bound with the Cu(II) ions and this released calcein from the complex, which was detected as strong fluorescence. The principle of this high-throughput screening method was validated by screening an LDH mutant library. Compared with other methods, this method provided much quicker l-ABA detection and screening for leucine dehydrogenase mutations.     

快速检测中药材乌梢蛇LAMP方法的建立

乌梢蛇作为一种名贵中药材,市面上伪品较多,干燥熏黑处理后的样品,更是真伪难辨。本研究致力于开发一套基于环介导等温扩增(loop-mediated isothermal amplification,LAMP)为基础的快速筛查乌梢蛇的方法。本研究以乌梢蛇12srRNA基因序列为基础设计并筛选出1套LAMP引物。通过调整反应条件,建立了对乌梢蛇LAMP的检查方法。结果显示,62℃下连续反应15min左右出现典型的"S"型荧光吸收曲线,实现了对乌梢蛇12srRNA基因序列的特异扩增。根据LAMP灵敏度高的特点,本研究简化了DNA的提取方法,缩短了检测的时间。相对于常规的PCR方法,本研究建立的以快速DNA提取为基础的乌梢蛇LAMP快速筛查方法具有简单、快速、灵敏、对设备要求低等特点,适用于对中药材乌梢蛇的快速筛查。     

Rapid extraction method for detection of outer membrane protein F of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

A filtration technique has been developed to trap the peptidoglycan sacculus for rapid extraction of the outer membrane protein F of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The method consists of the following three steps: (i) removal of cell components except peptidoglycan associated with some proteins, (ii) trapping of peptidoglycan with a glass filter and (iii) extraction with a hot SDS solution of proteins, mainly F protein, associated with peptidoglycan. The method is simple and rapid, providing for efficient screening for protein F-deficient mutants of P. aeruginosa. Using this method of screening, three mutants were isolated among 500 mutagenized clones.     

产酯酶微生物菌种的筛选研究

研究了产酯酶微生物的筛选,包括筛选模型、酶活力检测方法及菌株的分布。对30多份土样以及实验室保存的菌种进行了大量的筛选,以添加三醋酸甘油酯、乳酸乙酯酯类物质对土样等样品富集,采用添加显色剂溴甲酚紫的快速简便平板显色法,观察水解变色圈直径和菌落直径的大小进行初筛。获得两者直径之比相对大的菌株174株,采用平板打孔检测法和摇瓶发酵比色法测酶活力相结合进行复筛,最终得到酯酶活力较高的24株菌株。就初筛和复筛方法及结果加以比较分析,复筛菌株做不同底物的酶活力检测,建立了一个有效、简便及快速的微生物酯酶的筛选模型。并对酯酶产生菌的立体选择专一性进行了初步考察。     

A rapid screening method for detecting active compounds against erythromycin-resistant bacterial strains of Finnish origin

A rapid and simple microdilution technique on 96-well microplate based on turbidimetry was optimized and validated for screening of antimicrobial activity against erythromycin-resistant bacterial strains of Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus simulans isolated from Finnish patients. Using S. pyogenes ATCC 12351 as reference strain the developed method was evaluated by reproducibility measurements and using parameters typically employed for screening methods, i.e. signal-to-background, signal-to-noise and a screening-window coefficient, the Z' factor. The method was further used for screening a group of natural compounds and their synthetic derivatives against resistant bacterial strains. Of these, octyl and dodecyl gallates, and usnic and ursolic acids were the most active. The described method is a rapid, homogeneous, cost-effective and easy-to-perform system for screening of new potential antimicrobial agents in drug discovery.     

Bacterial adherence to polystyrene: a replica method of screening for bacterial hydrophobicity.

A simple replica method is described for the rapid identification of colonies of bacteria which adhere to polystyrene. A correlation was found between the adherence of bacterial strains to polystyrene and cell surface hydrophobicity, suggesting the use of this technique in screening for cell surface mutants and in the isolation of hydrophobic bacteria from nature.     

Qualitative screening of C-reactive protein by latex in microtiter trays

A microtiter-latex anti-C reactive protein method is described for screening large number of samples. The high percentage of false positives found with the slide-latex anti-C reactive protein method was reduced about 6 fold by the use of the described method. The use of microtiter trays, dilution of serum in one step and decreasing time of assay make this method simple, specific, rapid and easy to perform without sophisticated equipment.     

Fluorogenic assay for penicillin G acylase activity

A simple, highly sensitive, and rapid assay for high-throughput screening of penicillin G acylase-producing bacteria is presented. The method is based on the specific release of fluorescent 7-amino-4-methyl-coumarin through cleavage of phenylacetyl-4-methyl-coumaryl-7-amide by penicillin G acylase. The present method is suitable for screening pure enzymes as well as various penicillin G acylases like those from Escherichia coli, Proteus rettgeri, and Kluyvera citrophila in cell extracts. In addition, the new substrate was used for rapid assay of amidase activity in nondenaturing polyacrylamide gels.