成年人个别牙早失伴错[牙合]畸形修复前正畸治疗的临床观察

目的：探讨成年人个别牙缺失伴错[牙合]患者,通过正畸治疗校正错牙合后,修复治疗的疗效情况。方法：对16例成年人个别牙缺失致前牙散在间隙或伴有反[牙合]夸患者,采用直丝弓矫治技术进行修复前正畸治疗。结果：16例成年人个别牙缺失伴错[牙合]畸形的患者经过修复前正畸治疗后。再进行牙列缺损修复治疗,获得了令患者较为满意的疗效,外貌也得到了改善。结论：通过正畸、修复相结合的口腔综合治疗,可以有效地使便利体获得更加完善的口腔功能及美观效果。     

成年人个别牙早失伴错(牙合)畸形修复前正畸治疗的临床观察

目的:探讨成年人个别牙缺失伴错牙合患者,通过正畸治疗校正错牙合后,修复治疗的疗效情况。方法:对16例成年人个别牙缺失致前牙散在间隙或伴有反牙合患者,采用直丝弓矫治技术进行修复前正畸治疗。结果:16例成年人个别牙缺失伴错牙合畸形的患者经过修复前正畸治疗后,再进行牙列缺损修复治疗,获得了令患者较为满意的疗效,外貌也得到了改善。结论:通过正畸、修复相结合的口腔综合治疗,可以有效地使便利体获得更加完善的口腔功能及美观效果。     

正畸修复方案对正畸治疗疗效的影响

目的:探讨正畸联合修复方案对正畸治疗疗效的影响.方法:选择2007年3月～2012年5月来我院口腔科进行医治的牙列稀疏患者78例,将其随机分为治疗组(39例)和对照组(39例),治疗组先行正畸治疗,后进行修复治疗,对照组仅进行正畸治疗,比较两组治疗的总有效率和不良反应的发生情况.结果:78例患者均完成治疗,且无明显的不良反应,治疗组治疗后24例有效,12例显效,3例无者,总有效率为92.3％;对照组治疗后18例有效,8例显效,13例无效,总有效率为66.7％;治疗组总有效率显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:应用正畸联合修复治疗,可以达到患者对美观、舒适的要求,效果较单纯的正畸治疗明显,是一种理想、有效的治疗牙列稀疏、错颌畸形的方法.     

全冠修复联合牙合贴面修复治疗牙体缺损疗效及对抗折强度影响

摘要 目的：探讨全冠修复联合牙合贴面修复治疗牙体缺损疗效及对抗折强度影响。方法：选取我院口腔科2018年6月至2020年6月收治的牙体缺损患者80例,将其随机分为研究组和对照组,每组患者40例,研究组应用全冠修复联合牙合贴面修复治疗,对照组只应用全冠修复治疗,对比两组的治疗效果、美观、固定及咀嚼功能、折裂载荷值以及不良反应情况。结果：研究组的治疗总有效率显著高于对照组（95.05 % vs.80.0 %,P＜0.05）;研究组的美观、固定及咀嚼功能明显高于对照组（P＜0.05）;研究组的折裂载荷值明显好于对照组（P＜0.05）;研究组发生不良反应的概率明显低于对照组（5.0 % vs. 22.5 %,P＜0.05）。结论：利用全冠修复联合牙合贴面修复治疗牙体缺损效果优于单纯全冠修复,抗折强度较高,美观、固定及咀嚼功能好,安全性好,值得临床应用推广。     

金属烤瓷全冠修复老年人活髓隐裂牙适应证及临床疗效

目的：探讨老年人活髓隐裂牙应用金属烤瓷全冠修复临床效果及适应症。方法：选取本院2006年1月至2011年1月期间收治的356例老年活髓隐裂牙合计621颗为研究对象,根据患牙疼痛程度随机将患者分为咬合疼痛组（A组）104例合计215颗患牙,咬合伴过敏性冷热刺激痛组（B组）122例合计232颗患牙,咬合伴延续性冷热刺激疼痛组（C组）130例合计174颗患牙,所有患者均接受金属烤瓷全冠修复,观察患者在治疗后1个月、6个月、12个月、18个月、24个月治愈情况以及牙髓及根尖周病变及牙髓发生情况。结果：与C组相比,A组、B组术后1个月、6个月、12个月、18个月、24个月治愈率以及总有效率较高,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：金属烤瓷全冠修复适合于轻微咬合疼痛以及咬合伴过敏性冷热刺激痛的患者,而对于咬舍伴延续性冷热刺激疼痛的患者则宜先行根管治疗术再进行全冠修复。     

固定-可摘联合义齿对牙周病合并牙列缺损的修复效果

目的:观察固定-可摘联合义齿应用于牙周病伴牙列缺损修复效果,探讨其临床价值。方法:选择本院于2013年1月-2014年1月收治的符合牙周病伴牙列缺损诊断标准60例患者作为研究对象,按照数字法分为两组,每组30例,对照组采取可摘夹板式活动义齿修复,观察组给予固定-可摘联合义齿修复,两组患者均随访18个月,比较两组患者疗效。结果:戴义齿18个月观察组咀嚼效率(55.4±3.8),显著高于对照组(50.1±3.6),差异具有统计学意义,P0.05。观察组临床疗效显著优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义,P0.05。观察组戴用义齿后基牙拔除情况显著优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义,均P0.05。结论:固定-可摘联合义齿应用于牙周病伴牙列缺损修复效果较佳,具有重要临床价值。     

螺丝固位修复和粘接固位修复在牙列缺损患者中的应用效果及对龈下菌群分布的影响

目的探讨螺丝固位修复、粘接固位修复在牙列缺损患者中的应用效果及对龈下菌群分布的影响。方法选择2016年12月至2018年12月在我院进行牙种植并完成修复体的牙列缺损患者98例,参照随机数表法将入组患者分为螺丝固位修复组和粘接固位修复组,各49例。对比两组患者修复后3个月、修复后12个月牙周健康指标[种植义齿边缘骨吸收量(MBL)、探诊深度(PD)、改良菌斑指数(mPLI)、改良出血指数(mSBI)]、咀嚼功能(咬合力、咀嚼效率)以及龈下菌群分布的差异。结果修复后3个月和修复后12个月,两组患者MBL、PD、mPLI、mSBI水平及咬合力、咀嚼效率差异无统计学意义(均P0.05);两组患者龈下产黑色素菌、伴放线放线杆菌数量差异无统计学意义(均P0.05)。螺丝固位修复组患者龈下厌氧菌、具核梭杆菌数量大于粘接固位修复组患者(均P0.05)。结论螺丝固位修复、粘接固位修复均是牙列缺损修复的有效方法,螺丝固位修复可能导致术后龈下厌氧菌繁殖增加,需进行长期监测。     

微种植钉支抗压低伸长磨牙在牙列缺损修复中的临床应用

目的:评价以微种植钉为支抗压低伸长磨牙在牙列缺损修复中的临床应用效果.方法:选择2008年9月1日至2009年9月1日期间,11例修复空间不足,需要压低因对颌牙缺失而伸长的上颌第一磨牙患者,男5例,女6例,年龄18～40岁,平均26岁.9位患者下颌单侧第一磨牙缺失,2位患者下颌双侧第一磨牙缺失,上颌磨牙由于对颌牙长期缺失而伸长,咬舍于对颌牙槽嵴黏膜,妨碍牙列修复治疗.利用微种植钉作为支抗,使用弹力链牵引伸长的磨牙,产生根向压入力.治疗前后拍摄头颅侧位片和曲面断层片.结果:11例患者伸长的磨牙均成功压低,获得足够的义齿修复的垂直空间,伸长磨牙平均压入3mm,成功进行了种植义齿或固定义齿修复.治疗时间平均为6个月.结论:采用微种植钉作支抗,能有效压低伸长的上颌磨牙,创造足够的义齿修复空间,且方便、高效.     

对比分析Lava Ultimate优韧瓷高嵌体与SonicFill声波树脂修复对根管治疗后大面积牙体缺损的修复效果

摘要 目的：比较Lava Ultimate优韧瓷高嵌体与SonicFill声波树脂修复对根管治疗后大面积牙体缺损的修复效果。方法：选择2019年1月至2022年1月期间我院收治的124例根管治疗后大面积牙体缺损患者作为研究对象,根据牙体修复方式分为A组（62例）和B组（62例）。A组采用Lava Ultimate优韧瓷高嵌体修复,B组采用SonicFill声波树脂修复。比较两组患者治疗后6个月、12个月时的临床疗效、牙龈指数（GI）和菌斑指数（PLI）以及并发症情况、患者修复满意度。结果：（1）A组和B组修复后6个月和修复后1年时的改良版USPHS标准中边缘密合度、修复体外形、修复体颜色、修复体折裂、基牙继发龋等分级比较无显著差异（P>0.05）;（2）A组和B组修复后6个月和修复后12个月时的GI和PLI均显著低于修复前（P<0.05）,但两组不同时间的GI、PLI分别比较无显著差异（P＞0.05）;（3）A组修复总满意度高于B组（P<0.05）;（4）A组和B组修复后并发症总发生率分别为3.23%和4.84%,两组间比较无显著差异（P＞0.05）。结论：Lava Ultimate优韧瓷高嵌体与SonicFill声波树脂修复对根管治疗后大面积牙体缺损治疗效果相当,都能有效保证牙体缺损外观恢复、密合程度和咬合,有利于牙周健康,但高嵌体满意度较高。     

纤维桩与铸造金属桩在大面积牙体缺损修复中的应用价值比较

目的:研究纤维桩与铸造金属桩在大面积牙体缺损修复中的应用价值。方法:将2011年6月-2013年12月期间我院收治的大面积牙体缺损患者纳入研究,根据桩核修复的方法不同分为观察组和对照组,观察组患者接受纤维桩修复、对照组患者接受铸造金属冠修复。修复后,比较两组患者的咀嚼功能、并发症例数。结果:观察组患者的咬合力、咀嚼效率均高于对照组,发生桩核松动、脱落、折断以及牙根折断、牙龈变色的例数均少于对照组。结论:纤维桩修复能够取得理想的修复效果、改善咀嚼功能、减少并发症的发生,整体疗效优于铸造金属桩,是大面积牙体缺损理想的修复方法。     

Craniofacial manifestations in the Marfan syndrome: palatal dimensions and a comparative cephalometric analysis

The purpose of this study was to determine how the craniofacial morphology, evaluated from dental casts and lateral cephalograms, in individuals affected by the Marfan syndrome diverge from healthy control groups. The high and narrow palatal vault as well as maxillary and mandibular retrognathy were strongly correlated to the syndrome. About 70% of the Marfan syndrome patients (n = 76) had been referred for orthodontic treatment, mostly because of crowded teeth or extreme maxillary overjet. In 36%, the orthodontic treatment was carried out before diagnosis or suspicion about the Marfan syndrome. In comparison to healthy orthodontic patients (n = 86), selected because of presence of high and narrow palatal vaults, crowding of teeth, extreme maxillary overjet, and open bite were much more prevalent in the Marfan syndrome patients than in the orthodontic control group.     

正畸患者埋伏牙患病情况的流行病学研究

目的:调查分析正畸患者埋伏牙的基本患病情况。方法:第四军医大学口腔正畸科2008.1.1-2011.4.23就诊的6876例患者中,以确诊的589例埋伏牙患者为研究对象,对其性别,年龄,部位和数量等基本情况进行流行病学研究。结果:埋伏牙在第四军医大学口腔正畸患者中患病率为8.56%,以上颌好发,上颌尖牙患病率最高,其次为埋伏多生牙;以单发为主;女性较男性多发。结论:埋伏牙在正畸门诊患者中患病率较高,尤其是上颌尖牙,提示正畸医生在患者就诊时要注意埋伏牙的早发现及早治疗。     

Oral health among institutionalised elderly in Zagreb, Croatia

Objective: A survey of dental health status was conducted in the institutionalised elderly in Zagreb, Croatia in order to assess the dental and oral health of the elderly population. Participants: In 139 institutionalised elderly from a single nursing home in Zagreb, dental and oral status was registered according to World Health Organization criteria. There were 108 (77.7%) female and 31 (22.3%) male subjects aged 58–99 years. Results: The results showed that 45.3% of the interviewed persons were totally edentulous in both jaws. A significant increase in prevalence of edentulousness with the increasing age was recorded. The mean decayed, missing and filled teeth number was 27. The average number of teeth with caries was 1.03 per person, the number of the teeth extracted was 6.9 per person and teeth with fillings 0.74 per person. The average number of teeth with root caries was 0.17. Approximately 9 teeth per person were in need of treatment. Filled teeth were found 25.9% of subjects and decayed teeth in 30.9%. The mean number of remaining sound teeth, decayed teeth and residual roots in the elderly decreased with increasing age. Complete periodontal treatment was required in 5.8% of the participants and no significant differences between genders in periodontal status could be noticed. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest poor dental health in this group of the institutionalised elderly and the necessity of improving and implementing some special features in the dental health services programs for the institutionalised elderly.     

Cellular response to orthodontically-induced short-term hypoxia in dental pulp cells

Orthodontic force application is well known to induce sterile inflammation, which is initially caused by the compression of blood vessels in tooth-supporting apparatus. The reaction of periodontal ligament cells to mechanical loading has been thoroughly investigated, whereas knowledge on tissue reactions of the dental pulp is rather limited. The aim of the present trial is to analyze the effect of orthodontic treatment on the induction and cellular regulation of intra-pulpal hypoxia. To investigate the effect of orthodontic force on dental pulp cells, which results in circulatory disturbances within the dental pulp, we used a rat model for the immunohistochemical analysis of the accumulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in the initial phase of orthodontic tooth movement. To further examine the regulatory role of circulatory disturbances and hypoxic conditions, we analyze isolated dental pulp cells from human teeth with regard to their specific reaction under hypoxic conditions by means of flow cytometry, immunoblot, ELISA and real-time PCR on markers (Hif-1α, VEGF, Cox-2, IL-6, IL-8, ROS, p65). In vivo experiments showed the induction of hypoxia in dental pulp after orthodontic tooth movement. The induction of oxidative stress in human dental pulp cells showed up-regulation of the pro-inflammatory and angiogenic genes Cox-2, VEGF, IL-6 and IL-8. The present data suggest that orthodontic tooth movement affects dental pulp circulation by hypoxia, which leads to an inflammatory response inside treated teeth. Therefore, pulp tissue may be expected to undergo a remodeling process after tooth movement.     

The Yad Sarah geriatric dental clinic, a different model

Introduction: There are not sufficient dental services for elderly people around the world. Yad Sarah is an Israel‐wide network of volunteers aiding sick, elderly, isolated and housebound people with an array of services aimed at making home care possible. It provides medical and social services to more than 380 000 elderly persons per year and in addition, lends medical equipment free of charge, has day rehabilitation centres, legal aid council for seniors, provides transportation for the disabled, meal deliveries and geriatric dental services. Materials and methods: The latter are equipped with five dental units (one mobile unit) and a dental laboratory. During the 5 years from 2000 to 2004 the dental services provided dental care for 3890 elderly patients with the main clinic located in Jerusalem. Patients pay an average of 70% of the cost price of their dental care, with the difference being subsidised by Yad Sarah. Of the 515 patients who applied for treatment in 2004, 54% possessed natural teeth in both jaws, 28% were fully edentulous, 12% were edentulous in the maxilla and 6% were edentulous in the mandible. Females applied for dental treatment more often than the male population. Older patients (75–101 years old) required oral care at their homes or at old age residences, more frequently than the younger age groups (60–74 years old). Conclusion: Dental treatment was administered by 70 volunteer dental surgeons, two certified dental hygienists and dental hygienist students. The clinical staff was provided with a comprehensive in‐service training in geriatric dentistry during the 3‐year service learning period. A survey in 2004 showed that 83% of the selected patients were satisfied, compared with 14% who were not. The reasons for satisfaction were, mainly, the personal relationship with the attending staff (41%) and the professional ability of the dental team (46%).     

Utilization of dental health services by community-dwelling older adults in Japan who attended a weekly educational programme

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to describe dental health services utilization and identify factors which influenced a group of independently living elderly persons in an urban area of Japan. Subjects: The study sample consisted of 2,990 participants, 83% of the total sample of the Senior Citizen's College, who were 60 years and over. Measurements: Their dental utilization and satisfaction with dental treatment were measured by a questionnaire from 1993 to 1998 Results: The mean age of the subjects was 66.5 years and 52% were male. Sixty percent of the subjects had visited a dentist within the previous year, and 33% of them had received a regular oral health check‐up. The majority of the subjects (63%) were satisfied with their dental treatment. A multiple stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that dental services utilization had a significant positive association with presence of teeth (p<0.001), being male (p<0.01) and satisfaction with financial status (p<0.05). A regular oral health check‐ups had a significant association with presence of teeth (p<0.001), satisfaction with financial status (p<0.05) and aging (p=0.001). Conclusions: Dental health services utilization was related to the presence of teeth and financial status, rather than age or medical conditions, among independently living elderly persons in an urban area of Japan.     

A long-term retrospective outcome assessment of facial growth,secondary surgical need,and maxillary lateral incisor status in a surgical-orthodontic protocol for complete clefts

In 1965, the cleft palate team at Children's Memorial Hospital embarked on a new surgical-orthodontic protocol in the habilitation of newborn complete cleft lip and palate cases. It brought the orthodontic effort into focus at birth and in planned sequence to correspond with the surgical procedures of lip closure, maxillary alveolar stabilization by means of an autogenous graft of the authors' design, and complete palate closure, all within the first year of life. The purpose of this investigation is threefold: first, to review the authors' previous publications and assess growth, secondary surgical need, and lateral incisor status of teeth adjacent to the cleft in a series of patients who have all followed a precise, early surgical/orthodontic protocol; second, to compare these cases with other collaborative studies wherein this protocol was not used; and third, to report on an additional 82 cases with regard to secondary surgical need and the status of teeth adjacent to the cleft. Methods of assessment have included cephalometric radiography, periapical and occlusal dental radiography, computer-assisted tomography, plaster cast analysis, and intraoral and extraoral photography. The authors have demonstrated, along with other collaborative studies, that there is growth as good as other similar samples wherein there was no primary osteoplasty. In addition, the authors found their incidence of orthognathic surgery to be 18.29 percent; pharyngoplasty, 3.65 percent; and oronasal fistulas requiring surgical closure, 29.27 percent. In the case of unilateral complete clefts, 53.13 percent of those lateral incisors present adjacent to the cleft area were usable, and in bilateral cases, 57.77 percent were usable. The authors remain convinced after more than 35 years of following this successful protocol that early maxillary orthopedics and their technique of primary osteoplasty in planned sequence with lip and palate closure can produce a more favorable alignment of maxillary growth potential and, with comprehensive orthodontic treatment, can lead to teeth in a better overall occlusion than if these procedures had not been undertaken.     

不同去龋技术在乳牙龋病治疗中的应用疗效分析

目的:比较传统机械切割法、非创伤性充填法(atraumatic restorative treatment,ART)和Carisolv化学法在临床乳牙龋病治疗中的应用效果差异。方法:选取2011年1月-2012年6月来我科就诊的5-8岁儿牙患者96名,患牙180颗,随机分为3个不同的治疗组:传统机械去龋组、ART组和Carisolv化学去龋组进行相应牙体充填治疗,通过去龋效果、去龋时间、术中疼痛发生率和术后长期疗效等方面比较不同去龋技术之间的差异。结果:常规机械去龋组和Carisolv组的去龋效果明显优于ART组(P0.05),二者之间无明显差异(P0.05);3种去龋方法的去龋操作时间无明显差异(P0.05);Carisolv组和ART组去龋治疗中患儿术中疼痛发生例数明显低于常规机械去龋组(P0.05),二者之间无明显差异(P0.05);治疗1年后的复诊发现,常规机械去龋组和Carisolv组中患牙继发龋发生率明显低于ART组(P0.05),二者之间无明显差异(P0.05);三种方法治疗后患牙充填物折断/脱落发生率无明显差异(P0.05)。结论:Carisolv化学去龋法能有效减轻术中疼痛和术后复发率,值得在临床乳牙治疗中推广应用;ART的去龋效果和远期疗效可能限制其广泛应用。     

牙周夹板联合正畸治疗对牙周炎所致前牙扇形移位患者咀嚼功能和龈沟液PGE2、sICAM-1、PAK5的影响

目的:探讨牙周夹板联合正畸治疗对牙周炎所致前牙扇形移位患者咀嚼功能和龈沟液中前列素E2(PGE2)、可溶性细胞间黏附分子-1(s ICAM-1)、p2l活化激酶5(PAK5)的影响。方法:采用随机数字表法,将我院2018年2月~2020年2月间接收的93例牙周炎所致前牙扇形移位患者分为对照组(46例,牙周基础治疗、牙周夹板治疗)和研究组(47例,牙周基础治疗、牙周夹板治疗联合正畸治疗),观察两组疗效,对比两组治疗前后的牙周情况,咀嚼功能、美观度,龈沟液PGE2、s ICAM-1、PAK5水平。结果:研究组的临床总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组治疗后牙周菌斑指数(PLI)、探诊深度(PD)、牙龈指数(GI)、附着丧失(AL)、龈沟出血指数(SBI)低于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组治疗后探诊出血率、前牙咬合低于对照组,咀嚼功能评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组治疗后牙周袋深度、前牙覆盖度、牙槽骨高度低于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组治疗后龈沟液PGE2、s ICAM-1、PAK5水平低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:牙周夹板联合正畸治疗可有效恢复牙周炎所致前牙扇形移位患者牙周功能和咀嚼功能,且美观效果好,还可减轻对龈沟液PGE2、s ICAM-1、PAK5水平的影响。