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1.
One-year old tubers of two hybrid calla lily (calla) cultivars (Zantedeschia ‘Pot of Gold’ and ‘Majestic Red’) were inoculated with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF), Glomus intraradices, or not, and grown at three different rates of phosphorus (P) supply to asses the effects of AMF-inoculation on plant development
(time of shoot emergence and flowering), flowering (number, length and rate of flowering), and tuber biomass and composition
over two growing cycles (2002, 2003). Tubers and flowers of calla responded differently to AMF inoculation. Differences in
mycorrhizal responsiveness between cultivars was related to differences in P requirements for flower and tuber production,
and the influence of P supply on resource allocation to different reproductive strategies. Inoculation increased shoot production
and promoted early flowering, particularly in 2003. Inoculated plants also produced larger tubers than non-inoculated plants,
but only increased the number of flowers per plant in 2003. High P supply also increased tuber biomass, but decreased the
number of flowers per plant in 2002. Plants grown at a moderate P-rate, produced the most flowers in 2003. For ‘Majestic Red’,
benefits from AMF were primarily in terms of tuber yield and composition, and AMF effects on marketable flower production
could potentially have negative impact on production strategies for growers. Inoculation of ‘Pot of Gold’ primarily influenced
flower production and aspects of tuber quality that caused detectable enhancement of tuber yield and flowering in the second
growing cycle following inoculation (2003). The results of this study show that the responses of calla to AMF are partially
a function of how nutrient supply alters resource allocation to sexual and vegetative reproduction. Whether AMF-induced changes
in resource allocation to flowering and tubers significantly alters commercial productivity and quality of calla depends on
the crop production goals (e.g. tubers, cut flowers or potted plants).
The U.S. Government’s right to retain a non-exclusive, royalty free licence in and to any copyright is acknowledged. 相似文献
2.
Khaled Sebei Ahmed Debez Wahid Herchi Sadok Boukhchina Habib Kallel 《Journal of Plant Biology》2007,50(4):447-454
Because of its high contents of protein, α-linolenic-rich oil, lignans, and fiber, demand is increasing for flax(Linum usitatissi-mum L.) and flax seed oil as a food source. In this comparative survey, we examined germination and the mobilization of seed
storage products (lipids and soluble proteins) of 3-d-old seedlings from two flax cultivars (N 51 and H 52) challenged with
moderate salinity (up to 200 mM NaCl). At the highest salt concentration, germination appeared to be cultivar-dependent, with
that of ‘N 51’ being less impaired and delayed than in ’H 52’. Sodium chloride inhibited germination via osmotic and toxic
effects, so that seed viability was altered, especially in ‘H 52’. At 200 mM NaCl, lipid mobilization was delayed in the earliest
germination phases. This response was associated with increased proportions of linolenic acid contents in both cultivars and
more linolenic acid-rich molecular species of TAGs. Irrespective of the salt level, soluble protein contents in both cultivars
decreased over time, although a salt-related precocity of protein degradation occurred at 200 mM NaCl. 相似文献
3.
The effects of post harvest application of ethylene, abscisic acid (ABA), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) treatments or dark storage
on root induction and continued growth of regenerated roots in Pelargonium cuttings were investigated using hydroponics in the greenhouse. Ethylene markedly increased rooting percentage in ‘Greco’
and ‘Surfing’, reduced the number of roots per cutting in ‘Surfing’ and had no effect on the total root lengths in the two
cultivars. Ethylene treatment reduced fresh root mass in ‘Surfing’, increased dry root mass and reduced root water content
in both cultivars. ABA (50 μM) enhanced rooting percentage in ‘Greco’, reduced the number of roots per cutting, reduced total
root lengths and fresh root mass in both cultivars. ABA increased dry root mass and reduced root water content in ‘Surfing’
but this effect was not apparent in ‘Greco’. Storing cuttings in the dark for 4 days had no effect on rooting percentage and
number of roots per cutting in ‘Greco’ and ‘Surfing’. However, dark storage reduced total root lengths in ‘Surfing’ and reduced
fresh root mass in ‘Greco’. Dark storage had no effect on dry root mass and water content in both cultivars. Applying 4 μl l−1 IBA in the rooting solution induced maximum (100%) root induction in ‘Surfing’. However, IBA reduced the number of roots
per cutting in ‘Greco’, reduced total root lengths and fresh root mass in the two cultivars. IBA treatment profoundly increased
and reduced dry root mass and root water content, respectively, in ‘Greco’ and ‘Surfing’. The enhanced root induction observed
after IBA and ABA applications could be ascribed to their influence on ethylene biosynthesis, since ethylene treatment increased
rooting percentage in both cultivars. However, high ABA (100 μM) and IBA (12 μl l−1) levels or dark storage reduced the ability of induced roots to continue growth. We attribute our results to plant stress-response
mechanism and ethylene appears to play an important role in the process of root initiation and root growth in Pelargonium cuttings. 相似文献
4.
Summary Ten alfalfa cultivars were used to study the effects of nodulation and variations in resistance to alfalfa sickness. The alfalfa
seedlings were planted in sick soil with three treatment,,i.e.: pasteurized sick soil inoculated with Rhizobium ‘Nitragin’ which served as the control, the inoculated non-pasteurized sick
soil and the non-inoculated non-pasteurized sick soil. None of the alfalfa cultivars were immune from the sickness. Cultivar
‘Anik’ fromMedicago falcata was among the most resistant cultivars. Three Phytophthora root rot resistant cultivars including ‘Agate’, ‘Apollo’ and ‘Ramsey’
were not resistant to the disease. Alfalfa inoculated with Rhizobium showed greatly improved seedling growth. Correlation
coefficients showed that those alfalfa cultivars more resistant to alfalfa sickness produced more dry weight. Dry weight increase
due to nodulation (82%) had more than compensated for the loss of dry weight due to alfalfa sickness (33%). The present study
suggested that the poor growth of alfalfa on sick soil was attributed to both the soil borne pathogens and the poor nodulation
of alfalfa, probably due to the absence of effective Rhizobium in sick soil. Highly significant differences were also obtained
among olfalfa cultivars for plant dry weight in the inoculation treatment. Selection for effective Rhizobium strains and for
alfalfa genotypes which are resistant to alfalfa sickness and are high in nitrogen fixation rates could improve alfalfa yield
in sick soil. 相似文献
5.
Pyrolysis mass spectrometry (PyMS) is a rapid, simple, high-resolution analytical method based on thermal degradation of complex
materials in a vacuum. It is widely applied to the discrimination of closely related microbial strains. Leaf samples from
eight cultivars (‘Apricot Delight’, ‘Cooler Grape’, ‘Cooler Peppermint’, ‘Equator Grape’, ‘Equator Rose’, ‘Equator White’,
‘Equator White Eye’, and ‘Little Bright Eye’) of Catharanthus roseus were subjected to PyMS for spectral fingerprinting. Discriminant analysis (DA) of PyMS data enabled us to assign these cultivars
to discrete clusters. A hierarchical dendrogram based on DA provided a possible relationship among them that was in general
agreement with a previously reported classification of the cultivars based on DNA fingerprints. Furthermore, those belonging
to the same ‘series’ were grouped into a single cluster, which previously could not be achieved through similar approaches
based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy or 1H NMR data. Overall results suggest that chemical differences (i.e., in pyrolysate composition) among cultivars, as detected
by mass spectrometry, reflect their genetic variation. 相似文献
6.
N. Rama Rao 《Plant and Soil》1986,96(1):125-131
Summary Potassium requirements for growth—dry matter (DM) and leaf area (LA) and related processes — relative leaf growth rate (RLGR),
relative growth rate (RGR), net assimilation rate (NAR) and crop growth rate (CGR) were determined by plant analysis during
the entogeny of wheat. Wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. HD 2329) plants were supplied with different amounts of K from deficient to adequate through nutrient solution. Samples
were taken at specific stages for K determinations. The DM and LA were recorded at 45d, 75d and 105d. The growth related processes
RGR, NAR and CGR were estimated between 30–45d, 45–75d and 75–105d. In case of RLGR the observations were carried out between
15–30d, 30–45d and 45–75d. These physiological processes and grain yield were correlated with K concentration in whole plant
at 30 and 45d and top two leaves at 75 and 105d.
The results indicated that k status in plants influences growth mostly through leaf area formation which inturn influences
successively RLGR, RGR and CGR and finally grain yield. For vegetative growth the optimum concentration required in plants
was always lower than the optimum for grain production. 相似文献
7.
A. B. Mandal Aparna Maiti Bikash Chowdhury R. Elanchezhian 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2001,37(5):599-604
Summary Salt-soluble polypeptide and a few isozymes were profiled to identify banana cultivars available in Andamans, India. Salt-soluble
polypeptide profile was found to be inappropriate in cultivar identification However, isozymes such as peroxidase could differentiate
‘Jungli kela’, ‘Tissue Cultured Dwarf Cavendish’ (TCDC), ‘Lal kela’, ‘Rajbel’, and ‘Baratang wild’, while esterase identified
all the cultivars except ‘Rajbel’ and ‘Tarkari kela’. The latter two cultivars could be identified with the use of malate
dehydrogenase (MDH) and peroxidase profiles, MDH portrayed cultivar-specific distinct banding pattern in ‘Khatta Champa’,
‘Tarkari kela’, and ‘Baratang wild’, ‘China kela’ could be identified easily by superoxide dismutase (SOD). Amongst four isozymes,
esterase was found to be most efficient in identifying eight cultivars amongst 10; bence this isozyme may be used often as
a marker for cultivar identification of banana. 相似文献
8.
Breeding linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) using haploid techniques allows breeders to develop new cultivars in a shorter time period. Many research groups successfully
created new linseed genotypes through anther culture; however ovary culture has been the subject of only a few earlier studies.
In the present study, the effect of genotype and growth regulators combination on callus induction and shoots regeneration
in ovary culture of nine commercially important linseed cultivars was investigated. Ovaries were cultured on modified MS medium
supplemented with three different combinations of plant growth regulators. Variable callogenic responses were expressed by
all of the genotypes tested on different induction media. The results suggested that specific combination of growth regulators
for callus induction must be designed for each genotype. Shoot regeneration from ovary derived callus is a critical phase
of the whole gynogenetic process. Differences in adventitious shoot formation frequency among genotypes were demonstrated
and four responsive genotypes have been selected. Ovary derived callus from cultivar ‘Mikael’ manifested the highest adventitious
shoot formation frequency with a high number of shoots per explant. The optimum ratio of growth regulators for shoot regeneration
was shown to depend on the genotype. Cultivars ‘Linola’, ‘Mikael’ and ‘Szaphir’ showed the highest shoot regeneration frequency
when callus had originated on induction medium supplemented with 2 mg L−1 BAP and 2 mg L−1 NAA, while combination of 1 mg L−1 BAP and 2 mg L−1 IAA promoted shoot formation in ovary-derived callus of ‘Barbara’. The highest rate of shoots per explant has been obtained
in second subculture. 相似文献
9.
H. Barker 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1997,95(8):1258-1262
Extreme resistance to the potato V potyvirus (PVV) was found in four potato cultivars that contain Ry genes from Solanum stoloniferum. When plants of these cultivars, were inoculated by grafting in shoot tips from PVV-infected tomato plants, necrotic symptoms
developed in some cultivars, although a full hypersensitive reaction was not elicited, while other cultivars were symptomless.
PVV replication was not detected in any of the inoculated plants by ELISA, an infectivity assay of leaf extracts by manual
inoculation to Nicotiana benthamiana indicator plants, or by ‘return grafting’ of shoot tips taken from newly developed shoots of the potato plants to virus-free
indicator plants of tomato. These methods readily detected PVV infection in inoculated plants of cv ‘Flourball’, which does
not contain an Ry gene and is susceptible, and in cvs ‘Maris Piper’ and ‘Dr Macintosh’, which contain gene Nv conditioning a hypersensitive reaction to inoculation. One of the Ry-containing cultivars, ‘Barbara’, has been previously shown to contain two genes that control extreme resistance, defined
as no viral replication in intact plants, to the potyviruses potato viruses Y and A (PVY and PVA). These genes are: Ry
sto
, which conditions resistance to PVY and PVA, and gene Ra, which conditions resistance to PVA only. It was found that in genotypes from a progeny of the cross ‘Barbara’ (Ry
sto
/Ra)בFlourball’ (ry/ra), extreme resistance to PVV segregated with gene Ry
sto
. It is proposed that either gene Ry
sto
conditions broad-spectrum extreme resistance to the distinct potyviruses PVY, PVA, and PVV or that Ry
sto
represents a family of genetically closely linked genes each controlling resistance to a specific virus.
Received: 27 December 1996 / Accepted: 9 June 1997 相似文献
10.
The flowering integrator gene FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) in Arabidopsis thaliana is conserved between diverse plant species and is thought to be the flowering signal ‘‘florigen’’, a universal long-distance
mobile signal. In soybean, two FT homologs having a function to induce flowering in Arabidopsis have been identified. In this study, we showed that the expression
of FT from Arabidopsis by the Apple latent spherical virus (ALSV) vector promoted precocious flowering and terminated vegetative growth in a wide range of genotypes of soybean, without
using a short-day treatment. Four determinate and two indeterminate cultivars, infected with ALSV expressing FT (FT-ALSV), set flower buds on shoot apices and terminated vegetative growth at the fourth- to seventh-node stages under long-day
conditions. In contrast, non-infected, healthy plants did not set flower buds on shoot apices at the same stage under the
same conditions. After flowering, soybean cultivars infected with FT-ALSV, belonging to different maturity groups and stem
growth habits, matured and produced seeds. The results suggest that the basic flowering pathway controlled by FT in A. thaliana might also be conserved in soybean. A system for precocious flowering and shortening of generation time using FT-ALSV would
be a useful and novel technology for efficient soybean breeding. 相似文献
11.
H. Buerstmayr M. Lemmens G. Fedak P. Ruckenbauer Communicated B. S. Gill 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1999,98(1):76-85
Fusarium head blight (FHB or scab) caused by Fusarium spp. is a widespread disease of cereals causing yield and quality losses and contaminating cereal products with mycotoxins. The
breeding of resistant varieties is the method of choice for controlling the disease. Unfortunately, the genetic basis of scab
resistance is still poorly understood. We present the results of a back-cross reciprocal monosomic analysis of FHB resistance
using the highly resistant Hungarian winter wheat line ‘U-136.1’ and the highly susceptible cultivar ‘Hobbit-sib’. Resistance
testing was performed in a field trial artificially inoculated with a Fusarium culmorum conidial suspension. Five hemizygous families containing ‘U-136.1’ chromosomes 6B, 5A, 6D, 1B, and 4B had a visually reduced
spread of infection compared to lines having the ‘Hobbit-sib’ chromosome. Chromosome 2B from ‘U-136.1’ had an increased spread
of infection. The critical chromosomes controlling seed weight were 6D, 3B, 5A, and 6B while those controlling deoxynivalenol
(DON) content were homoeologous groups 2 and 6, although the latter effects were not significant due to a high coefficient
of variation. Results from this and other studies show that chromosomes 6D, 6B, 5A, 4D, and 7A have frequently been associated
with scab resistance in a number of wheat cultivars. Research groups now attempting to map scab resistance in wheat using
markers should pay special attention to the above-mentioned chromosomes.
Received: 31 March 1998 / Accepted: 14 July 1998 相似文献
12.
We evaluated the efficiency of callus induction and plantlet regeneration from hypocotyl explants of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica). The cultivars were ‘Marathon’, ‘Greenbelt’, and ‘Shogun’. Transformation success was not affected by the presence
of tobacco feeder-cell layers on the culture media. The frequency of shoot regeneration was greater from 10-d-old hypocotyls
than from 14-d-old hypocotyls. Both ‘Marathon’ and ‘Greenbelt’ had higher potentials for tissue regeneration than did ‘Shogun’.
We found that for transformation selection, the optimum concentration was either 50 mg/L kanamycin or 100 mg/L genetkin. 相似文献
13.
Rapid discrimination of commercial strawberry cultivars using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy data combined by multivariate analysis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Suk Weon Kim Sung Ran Min Jonghyun Kim Sang Kyu Park Tae Il Kim Jang R. Liu 《Plant biotechnology reports》2009,3(1):87-93
To determine whether pattern recognition based on metabolite fingerprinting for whole cell extracts can be used to discriminate
cultivars metabolically, leaves and fruits of five commercial strawberry cultivars were subjected to Fourier transform infrared
(FT-IR) spectroscopy. FT-IR spectral data from leaves were analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA) and Fisher’s linear
discriminant function analysis. The dendrogram based on hierarchical clustering analysis of these spectral data separated
the five commercial cultivars into two major groups with originality. The first group consisted of Korean cultivars including
‘Maehyang’, ‘Seolhyang’, and ‘Gumhyang’, whereas in the second group, ‘Ryukbo’ clustered with ‘Janghee’, both Japanese cultivars.
The results from analysis of fruits were the same as of leaves. We therefore conclude that the hierarchical dendrogram based
on PCA of FT-IR data from leaves represents the most probable chemotaxonomical relationship between cultivars, enabling discrimination
of cultivars in a rapid and simple manner.
The authors Suk Weon Kim and Sung Ran Min contributed equally to this work. 相似文献
14.
Monica M. Miazzi Hajaj R. Hajjeh Francesco Faretra 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2010,46(4):363-367
Powdery mildew, caused by the obligate biotrophic ascomycete Erysiphe necator, is one of the most destructive grapevine diseases worldwide. Cultivars of Vitis vinifera L, for wine and table grape production, are all susceptible to E. necator, whose attacks result in severe epidemics under the warm and dry conditions of the Mediterranean basin. The aim of the present
study was to compare the susceptibility of different grapevine cultivars to E. necator by an in vitro assay for assessing the potentiality of this method in breeding programs for resistance to the pathogen. Leaves of 12 grapevine
cultivars were spot-inoculated in vitro with about 10 conidia from five different isolates of E. necator, using colony growth and conidiation 3 wk post-inoculation as indicators of susceptibility to the disease. A remarkable difference
was observed between highly susceptible cultivars like ‘Baresana’, ‘Malvasia’, ‘Bianca’, and ‘Italia’, and the less susceptible
‘Alphonse Lavallée’ and ‘Ohanez’, in accordance with their behavior in the field. No statistically significant differences
were found in the virulence of E. necator isolates. 相似文献
15.
Chen Fure-Chyi Kuehnle Adelheid R. Sugii Nellie 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》1997,50(1):71-74
Growth of Blechnum spicant gametophytes was optimal in MS liquid medium, a 16-h photoperiod, and it was unaffected by variation
of the pH between 4.7 and 8.7. Antheridia were observed during all developmental stages of the gametophyte: filamentous, spatulate
or cordate and their formation was induced by compounds excreted into the culture medium by mature gametophytes. This antheridiogen
activity was found in the fractions corresponding to free and apolar esters of gibberellins. IBA at 5 μM and 50 μM, and BA
at 50 μM inhibited antheridiogen. Exogenous application of GA3 allowed spore germination but strongly inhibited gametophyte development; the two dimensional state was not reached.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
16.
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the differential responses of flower opening to ethylene in two cut rose cultivars,
‘Samantha’, whose opening process is promoted, and ‘Kardinal’, whose opening process is inhibited by ethylene. Ethylene production
and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) synthase and oxidase activities were determined first. After ethylene treatment,
ethylene production, ACC synthase (ACS) and ACC oxidase (ACO) activities in petals increased and peaked at the earlier stage
(stage 3) in ‘Samantha’, and they were much more dramatically enhanced and peaked at the later stage (stage 4) in ‘Kardinal’
than control during vasing. cDNA fragments of three Rh-ACSs and one Rh-ACO genes were cloned and designated as Rh-ACS1, Rh-ACS2, Rh-ACS3 and Rh-ACO1 respectively. Northern blotting analysis revealed that, among three genes of ACS, ethylene-induced expression patterns of
Rh-ACS3 gene corresponded to ACS activity and ethylene production in both cultivars. A more dramatic accumulation of Rh-ACS3 mRNA was induced by ethylene in ‘Kardinal’ than that of ‘Samantha’. As an ethylene action inhibitor, STS at concentration
of 0.2 mmol/L generally inhibited the expression of Rh-ACSs and Rh-ACO in both cultivars, although it induced the expression of Rh-ACS3 transiently in ‘Kardinal’. Our results suggests that ‘Kardinal’ is more sensitive to ethylene than ‘Samantha’; and the changes
of Rh-ACS3 expression caused by ethylene might be related to the acceleration of flower opening in ‘Samantha’ and the inhibition in
‘Kardinal’. Additional results indicated that three Rh-ACSs genes were differentially associated with flower opening and senescence as well as wounding. 相似文献
17.
Summary This study is mainly concerned with some parameters contributing to growth as indicators of difference in drought resistance
and salt tolerance of wheat and barley cultivars. Parameters made use of are: transpiration efficiency (‘dry matter/transpiration’
ratio), ‘leaf/root’ ratio, chlorophyll content, chlorophyll stability to heat and anatomical modifications. The results revealed
that transpiration efficiency is much higher in mexican ‘super-x’ wheat than in the egyptian ‘Giza-155’ cultivar under reduced
soil water matric- or osmotic potentials. Chlorophyll content increased in super-x with decreasing soil water potential while
chlorophyll heat stability decreased. The reverse is true in Giza-155 cultivar. Decreased leaf/root ratio in super-x is interpretted
in favour of more beneficial water balance in this cultivar. Development of more sclerenchyma in its stems supports this judgement.
Of barley cultivars tested, Borg El-Arab is favoured for drought resistance and Giza-117 for salt tolerance. re]19751014 相似文献
18.
Late-acting self-incompatibility in tea plant (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Camellia sinensis</Emphasis>)
The self-incompatibility of tea plant (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) was studied with the methods of aniline blue fluorescence assay and paraffin sections. The characteristics
of pollen tube elongation after hand pollination was analyzed in 4 tea cultivars, including ‘Keemenzhong’, ‘Longjing-changye’,
‘Fuding-dabaicha’ and ‘Yabukita’, under self-pollination and cross-pollination, respectively. Although there were some difference
among cultivars, pollen tubes elongated through the style and reach the ovary successfully at 48 h after pollination for both
cross- and self-pollen tubes in all the four cultivars of tea. Pollen tubes entered into the ovule micropyles, however, only
for cross-pollination, but not for self-pollination. Pollen tubes of selfing plants, failed in fertilizing, seemed have some
difficulties to enter the ovule. All of which indicated that the self-incompatibility of tea plant is a late-acting self-incompatibility
system (LSI) or an ovarian sterility (OS), in which the self incompatibility was due to none self pollen tube penetrating
into the ovule and no fertilization. 相似文献
19.
During vegetative period 2004–2005 powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis DC. f. sp. hordei Em. Marchal) field resistance of spring barley cultivars was investigated at the Lithuanian Institute of Agriculture. The
spring barley genotypes tested were Lithuania-registered cultivars, cultivars from genetic resources collection, and the new
cultivars used for initial breeding. In total, 23 resistance genes were present in the 84 cultivars studied. Among mono-genes
only mlo and 1-B-53 showed very high resistance. Slight powdery mildew necroses (up to 3 scores) formed on cultivars possessing these genes.
The maximal powdery mildew (PM) severity reached a score of 8.5 and the area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) a value
of 1216.8. The cultivars ‘Primus’, ‘Astoria’, ‘Power’, ‘Harrington’ and ‘Scarlett’ were the most resistant among the non mlo cultivars. Severity of PM on ‘Primus’ reached a score of 3.5 (3.0 of PM necrosis) in average, the other cultivars were diseased
from 4.5 (3.0) to 5.0 (2.0). The AUDPC values for these cultivars except ‘Scarlett’ were the lowest (85.0–145.3) among the
other cultivars. The highest contrast in development of the other leaf diseases was between highly resistant and susceptible
to PM cultivar groups. The fast development of PM depressed development of the other diseases 4.7 times. 相似文献
20.
Tolerance to phosphorus stress was studied in Capsicum annuum L. Chile ancho cv. San Luis and bell pepper cv. Jupiter plants.
Plants were fertilized weekly with Long-Ashton nutrient solution (LANS) modified to supply 0, 11, 22, 44, 66, or 88 g(P) m-3 (P0, P11, P22, P44, P66, P88). Phosphorus stress occurred in both cultivars at P0 and P11, with reduced plant growth and
development. At P0, the lowest percentage of total biomass was directed toward reproductive growth. The root/shoot ratio was
greatest at P0, reflecting greater dry matter partitioning to the root system. Growth of ‘San Luis’ was more sensitive to
phosphorus stress than ‘Jupiter’. A greater percentage of total biomass was directed towards reproductive growth in ‘Jupiter’
than ‘San Luis’. Increasing P nutrition elevated leaf tissue P in both cultivars with highest leaf tissue P at P88. There
were no differences in tissue P between P0 and P11 ‘San Luis’ plants, whereas P0 ‘Jupiter’ plants had the lowest tissue P.
Low P-plants generally had the highest tissue N and lowest S, Mn, and B. In both cultivars, gas exchange was lowest at P0,
as indicated by reduced stomatal conductance (gs) and net photosynthetic rate (PN). Internal CO2 concentration and leaf-to-air vapor pressure difference (VPD) were generally highest with P-stressed plants. Phosphorus use
efficiency, as indicated by PN per unit of leaf tissue P concentration (PN/P), was highest at P11. Generally, no P treatments exceeded the gas exchange levels obtained by P44 (full strength LANS)
plants. Both PN and gs declined during reproductive growth in ‘San Luis’, which fruits more rapidly than ‘Jupiter’, whereas no reduction in gas
exchange occurred with ‘Jupiter’.
This revised version was published online in September 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献