吲哚美辛对去除下胚轴和根后的绿豆茎段生根的影响（简报）

吲哚美辛和甘油均显著促进绿豆去除下胚轴和根后的茎段生根, 根数和根干重增加;二者有促进生根的相加效应,吲哚美辛和甘油的最佳配比(molL-1)为5.0×10-4∶ 0.5.     

吲哚美辛对去除下胚轴和根后的绿豆茎段生根的影响

吲哚美辛和甘油均显著促进绿豆去除下胚轴和根后的茎段生根 ,根数和根干重增加 ;二者有促进生根的相加效应 ,吲哚美辛和甘油的最佳配比 (mol·L-1)为 5 .0× 10 -4∶0 .5。     

吲哚美辛联合生长抑素对ERCP术后胰腺炎的预防作用

目的:研究吲哚美辛联合生长抑素对内镜逆行胰胆管造影(ERCP)术后胰腺炎的预防作用及对血清淀粉酶的影响。方法:选取2015年7月至2016年6月在我院行ERCP术的患者共72例,根据随机数字法分为观察和对照组,每组36例。对照组在术前使用生长抑素完成治疗,观察组在此基础上联合吲哚美辛栓剂完成治疗。分析和比较两组患者ERCP术后5、10、24、48h的血清淀粉酶水平,ERCP术后48h胰腺炎的发生率、肝功能变化情况和临床症状改善情况。结果:术前,两组患者血清淀粉酶水平比较无显著差异(P0.05),术后5h,两组患者的血清淀粉酶水平较高,和术后5h相比,两组术后10、24、48h的血清淀粉酶水平明显降低(P0.05),但观察组各时点血清淀粉酶水平均低于对照组(P0.05)。术前,两组患者GGT、ALP、AST水平比较无显著差异(P0.05),术后48h,两组患者GGT、ALP、AST水平较术前无明显变化(P0.05)。术后48 h,观察组的胰腺炎发生率显著低于对照组[8.33%(3/36) vs. 36.11%(13/36)](P0.05)。观察组的皮肤瘙痒、腹泻、恶心、厌食、感染的减轻率均高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:吲哚美辛联合生长抑素能有效降低ERCP术后胰腺炎的发生率,降低血清淀粉酶水平。     

吲哚美辛栓剂对预防ERCP术后高淀粉酶血症及胰腺炎的效果观察

目的:探讨吲哚美辛栓剂对预防ERCP术后高淀粉酶血症及胰腺炎的效果。方法:选取2010年10月-2015年6月收治入院的行ERCP手术的患者300例,随机分为观察组及对照组各150例,观察患者ERCP术后立即应用吲哚美辛栓剂直肠给药,对照组给予安慰剂栓剂,术后3 h,24 h检测血清淀粉酶,观察高淀粉酶血症及胰腺炎的发生情况。结果:术前两组血清淀粉酶比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);术后3 h,24 h两组血清淀粉酶均升高,且观察组高于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(t=5.794、10.816,P均0.05)。观察组高淀粉酶血症及ERCP术后胰腺炎的发生率明显低于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(x~2=5.927;2.160,P0.05)。结论:直肠给药吲哚美辛栓剂可明显降低ERCP术后血清淀粉酶量,降低高淀粉酶血症及ERCP术后胰腺炎的发生率。     

5-FU壳聚糖-阿拉伯胶缓释微囊的制备工艺研究

研究以壳聚糖和阿拉伯胶为基质材料,制备5-FU缓释微囊.以微囊的药物包封率为制备工艺优化指标,利用复凝聚法,通过L_9(3~4)正交实验得出微囊的最佳制备工艺条件.以最佳制备工艺条件制备的5-FU缓释微囊,所制微囊形态及稳定性较好.体外释放研究表明,微囊有良好的缓释效果.     

吲哚美辛水凝胶贴剂小鼠体外透皮性能研究

目的：通过研究不同促透剂对吲哚关辛水凝胶贴剂透皮性能的影响,遴选在特定栽药剂量时具有最佳促透效果的促透剂,并与市售贴剂进行比较,对吲哚美辛水凝胶贴剂的体外透皮性能进行评价。方法：采用改良Franz透皮扩散池,以离体小鼠背部皮肤为透皮屏障,在最佳载药量选用不同浓度的氮酮、油酸、丙二醇以及三者组成的二元或三元组合为促透剂,在规定时间点测定吲哚美辛的累积透过百分率以及单位面积累积透过量。结果：与空白对照组相比,当氮酮与油酸单独应用时,二者均没有明显的促透作用;当选用二元促透剂联合应用时,油酸与丙二醇联用能够明显促进吲哚美辛的经皮渗透（P〈0．05）;当选用三元促透剂时促透效果更好,单位面积累积透过量最高可达234．4μg·cm^-2,24h内药物累积透过百分率明显高于市售贴剂。结论：氮酮、油酸、丙二醇三者联合应用可作为吲哚关辛贴剂的理想促透剂。吲哚关辛水凝胶贴剂是具有应用价值的新型经皮控释制剂。     

在吲哚乙酸不同位点偶联载体蛋白对其抗体特异性的影响

分别选择吲哚乙醇分子上的Ｃ１位羧基和吲哚环上的Ｎ位作为偶联载体蛋白的位点,用混合酸酐法和甲醛搭桥法分别合成了两种免疫原ＩＡＡ—ＣＯ—ＮＨ一ＨＳＡ和ＩＡＡ－Ｎ－ＢＳＡ,并进而制得了对吲哚乙酸侧链识别能力不同的两种多克隆抗体,分别可特异识别甲酯化ＩＡＡ和游离态ＩＡＡ;用碳化二亚胺法和甲醛搭桥法分别合成ＩＡＡ—ＣＯ—ＮＨ－ＢＳＡｂＩＡＡ—Ｎ—ＯＶＡ两种复合物,以之为包被物,建立了两种ＩＡＡＥＬＩＳＡ。其灵敏度分别为０．３５ｐｍｏｌ和１．８０ｐｐｍｏｌ;检测范围分别为０．７８～８００ｐｍｏｌ和１．９５～２０００ｐｍｏｌ;批内变异系数分别为４．４５％和４．７９％;批间变异系数分别为１．１５％和１．５０％。笔者用这两种ＥＬＩＳＡ检测了兰花气生根和桑树苗样品中ＩＡＡ的含量,发现两种检测结果相当一致。     

吲哚美辛治疗口腔溃疡的动物实验研究

目的 探讨两种吲哚美辛制剂在口腔溃疡愈合中的作用.方法 大鼠右颊用铁钉烫烧造模,分为吲哚美辛凝胶给药组(YN)、复方苯佐卡因凝胶阳性对照组(NP)、吲哚美辛喷雾给药组(YP)、口腔炎喷雾阳性对照组(PP)、正常对照组(N)和阴性对照组(M).采用HE染色、组织学标准定量评价溃疡面再上皮化及肉芽组织形成情况,比色法检测溃...     

吲哚丁酸对桉树插条多酚氧化酶的影响及其与生根的关系

尾叶桉MLA无性系(简称MLA)为难生根植物,尾叶桉U6无性系(简称U6)和刚果12号桉W5无性系(简称W5)为易生根植物。MLA插条内的PPO活性比U6、W5的低。用吲哚丁酸(IBA)处理桉树的插条后,在扦插生根的不同阶段,插条内的PPO活性呈现规律性的变化。蛋白质含量呈上升趋势。PPO同工酶谱带也随生根的进程出现增多现象。讨论了多酚氧化酶与桉树插条生根的关系。     

拟南芥吲哚—3—甘油磷酸合酶免疫分析

吲哚３甘油磷酸合酶（ＩＧＳ,ｉｎｄｏｌｅ３ｇｌｙｃｅｒｏｌｐｈｏｓｐｈａｔｅｓｙｎｔｈａｓｅ,ＥＣ４．１．１．４８）在色氨酸与吲哚乙酸的生物合成途径中,催化生成吲哚３甘油磷酸。研究该基因的表达调控,对于阐明高等植物是如何调控色氨酸及生长素合成是十分重要的。利用已克隆的ＩＧＳｃＤＮＡ,构建了谷胱甘肽转移酶（ＧＳＴ,ｇｌｕｔａｔｈｉｏｎｅＳｔｒａｎｓｆｅｒａｓｅ,ＥＣ２．５．１．１８）与吲哚３甘油磷酸合酶融合蛋白的表达质粒,并将其导入到在异丙基βＤ硫代半乳糖苷（ＩＰＴＧ）诱导下能高效表达的ＩＧＳ基因缺陷菌株ｔｒｐＣ９８００λＫＣ大肠杆菌中。高表达的融合蛋白通过谷胱甘肽琼脂糖（ｇｌｕｔａｔｈｉｏｎｅａｇａｒｏｓｅ）亲和层析和ＳＤＳ聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳纯化后,用以免疫兔子制备抗血清。免疫印迹法分析表明拟南芥（Ａｒａｂｉｄｏｐｓｉｓｔｈａｌｉａｎａ（Ｌ．）Ｈｅｙｎｈ．）四种常用生态型只合成一种分子量约为４０ｋＤ的吲哚３甘油磷酸合酶蛋白。在Ａｇ＋、紫外线等逆境条件下,ＩＧＳ含量都有较大幅度的增加,这说明ＩＧＳ可能与植物的防御反应紧密相关。     

微胶囊结构与性能的研究进展

近年来,微胶囊技术在生物医药、化工、食品等行业得到了应用和发展。微胶囊制备的新工艺、微胶囊性能分析的新方法、微胶囊形貌结构和孔结构的表征方法等,都取得了一定的成就。综述了微胶囊的结构和性能方面研究的新进展。     

Effect of Drying Process and Wall Material on the Properties of Encapsulated Cardamom Oil

The retention and shelf stability of cardamom oil entrapped in freeze- and spray-dried microcapsules coated with skim milk powder and modified starch was investigated. It was found that the retention of flavor in freeze-dried matrices was low and independent from the composition of wall material, whereas for the spray-dried microcapsules, it was much higher and markedly dependent on the type and percentage of coating material. It was also shown that the particle size of spray-dried powder greatly contributed to the flavor retention and surface oil content of microcapsules. Additionally, microscopic observation of powder particles revealed that the type of wall material and drying method distinctly influenced the morphological characteristics of powders which presumably caused a difference in their capability of cardamom oil retention.     

膜材与制备过程对血红蛋白微胶囊粒径和包埋率的影响

以单甲氧基聚乙二醇聚乳酸共聚物（PELA）为膜材用复乳溶剂扩散法制备了包含牛血红蛋白（BHb）的微胶囊,微胶囊中BHb的P₅₀和Hill系数分别为3 466 Pa和2.4左右,接近于天然BHb的生物活性。研究发现膜材种类对BHb微胶囊包埋率和粒径的影响最大,使用MPEG2000为亲水性嵌段的PELA共聚物时,包埋率最高,达到90％以上,粒径为3～5 μm左右;随着膜材浓度的增大,微胶囊包埋率和粒径均增加;随着外水相NaCl浓度的增大,微胶囊包埋率升高、粒径减小;随着外水相稳定剂PVA浓度的增大,微胶囊粒径减小,包埋率先升高后降低,在较低浓度下（10 g/L、20 g/L）包埋率较高;初乳化搅拌速率的增大,有利于包埋率的提高,但对粒径影响不大;复乳化搅拌速率的影响较复杂,当复乳液体积较大时,复乳化搅拌速率对微胶囊制备的影响规律性不明显。当固定膜材和初乳化搅拌速率时,包埋率和粒径之间存在着类似抛物线的关系,包埋率随着粒径的减小而降低。     

免疫球蛋白缓释微囊的制备、结构表征与性能研究

微囊化是实现生物药物制剂缓控释放的最重要方法之一。以乙基纤维素(EC)为囊材,采用物理化学方法制备了免疫球蛋白乙基纤维素微囊。用扫描电镜(SEM)考察了微囊的孔结构和形貌特征,并通过体外溶出实验考察了微囊的缓释效果。结果表明,在给定制备条件下制得的微囊圆整度好,孔径分布范围较窄,在模拟条件下具有良好的缓释性能。微囊最佳制备工艺条件如下:囊心囊材比2.5∶1,30℃下反应6h,搅拌速率250r/min,吐温80用量8ml。     

Stress-relaxation Properties of the Avena Coleoptile Cell Wall

Changes in the cell wall properties of Avena coleoptile segments were studied under various conditions by stress-relaxation analysis. Rheological models consisting of four or an infinite number of Maxwell viscoelastic components were used. The stress-relaxation parameters of these models, t₁, t_o, T, Gi and stress/strain ratio, were determined. The following results were obtained. 1. The 1/T₁ increased and stress/strain ratio decreased with the age of the coleoptiles. Decapitation caused a decrease in l/t₁. 2. Auxin increased I/T₁ but decreased t_o and stress/strain ratio within 5 minutes after application. 3. Treatment with a fungal β-l,3-glucanase increased 1/T₁ both in living and methanol-killed, pronase-treated coleoptiles. Cellulase did not cause the changes observed in the parameters of the isolated cell wall of the coleoptile segments. This held true for all treatments (with and without auxin, killed and pronase-treated). The results obtained suggest that auxin primarily causes a partial degradation of the non-cellulosic physaccharide components of the cell wall.     

Mass Transport Properties of the Rabbit Aortic Wall

Uptake of circulating macromolecules by the arterial wall may be a critical step in atherogenesis. Here we investigate the age-related changes in patterns of uptake that occur in the rabbit. In immature aortas, uptake was elevated in a triangle downstream of branch ostia, a region prone to disease in immature rabbits and children. By 16-22 months, uptake was high lateral to ostia, as is lesion prevalence in mature rabbits and young adults. In older rabbits there was a more upstream pattern, similar to the disease distribution in older people. These variations were predominantly caused by the branches themselves, rather than reflecting larger patterns within which the branches happened to be situated (as may occur with patterns of haemodynamic wall shear stress). The narrow streaks of high uptake reported in some previous studies were shown to be post mortem artefacts. Finally, heparin (which interferes with the NO pathway) had no effect on the difference in uptake between regions upstream and downstream of branches in immature rabbits but reversed the difference in older rabbits, as does inhibiting NO synthesis directly. Nevertheless, examination of uptake all around the branch showed that changes occurred at both ages and that they were quite subtle, potentially explaining why inhibiting NO has only minor effects on lesion patterns in mature rabbits and contradicting the earlier conclusion that mechanotransduction pathways change with age. We suggest that recently-established changes in the patterns of haemodynamic forces themselves are more likely to account for the age-dependence of uptake patterns.     

Expression of a Fungal Hydrophobin in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cell Wall: Effect on Cell Surface Properties and Immobilization

The aim of this work was to modify the cell surface properties of Saccharomyces cerevisiae by expression of the HFBI hydrophobin of the filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei on the yeast cell surface. The second aim was to study the immobilization capacity of the modified cells. Fusion to the Flo1p flocculin was used to target the HFBI moiety to the cell wall. Determination of cell surface characteristics with contact angle and zeta potential measurements indicated that HFBI-producing cells are more apolar and slightly less negatively charged than the parent cells. Adsorption of the yeast cells to different commercial supports was studied. A twofold increase in the binding affinity of the hydrophobin-producing yeast to hydrophobic silicone-based materials was observed, while no improvement in the interaction with hydrophilic carriers could be seen compared to that of the parent cells. Hydrophobic interactions between the yeast cells and the support are suggested to play a major role in attachment. Also, a slight increase in the initial adsorption rate of the hydrophobin yeast was observed. Furthermore, due to the engineered cell surface, hydrophobin-producing yeast cells were efficiently separated in an aqueous two-phase system by using a nonionic polyoxyethylene detergent, C_12-18EO₅.     

乙烯对苹果果实细胞壁降解效应初探

以陕西主栽苹果品种'秦冠'为试材,研究了不同浓度乙烯利以及加热处理下苹果果实中与细胞壁代谢相关酶的活性变化及其与细胞壁组分降解的关系.结果表明:乙烯对各细胞壁酶活性的促进效应因乙烯利施用浓度不同而异.乙烯利浓度由10 mg/L增至1 000 mg/L时,果胶甲酯酶(PME)、多聚半乳糖醛酸酶(PG)和纤维素酶(CS)的活性先逐渐增强,而后又被抑制;木聚糖(Xyl)没有受到明显影响.加热处理可增进乙烯利的作用,如在60℃时,PME、PG、CS、Xyl活性分别是对照的1.5、2.7、1.1和1.5倍.PG活性的显著增加同时引起了果实可溶性糖含量的显著升高,但其他酶活性变化与可溶性糖含量无直接相关.     

Effect of Auxin on Cell Wall Degrading Enzymes

The effect of auxin on the activities of amylase, cellulase, β-1, 3- and/or β-l, 6-glucanase and hemieellulase were observed using etiolated barley coleoptile and pea epicotyl internode segments. The activities of β-1, 3- and/or β-l, 6-glueanase and hemicellulase of barley were increased by indole-3-acetic acid in a 3 hours' treatment. Amylase activity was not influenced by the auxin. Cellulase activity was not detected under the experimental conditions. 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid increased hemicellulase activity, but not cellulase and amylase activities, in pea epicotyl segments in 3 hours. Fungal β-1, 3-glucanase exogenously applied induced the elongation of barley coleoptile segments. The elongation induced by the enzyme was as high as that induced by indole-3-acetic acid at least for the first 1 to 3 hours.