On the genus Eumyllocerus Sharp （Coleoptera： Curculionidae： Entiminae） with description of two new species from China

Two new species of the genus Eumyllocerus Sharp, 1896, of the subfamily Entiminae Schoenherr, 1823, are described from China. Eumyllocerus longisetus sp. n. may be distinguished from other species of the genus by its long bristle-like, erect setae on the intervals, each of which is longer than the width of the second interval, the setae arrangedin double rows, and its shell-like, shiny, dense, metallic green scales. Eumyllocerus rotundicorpus sp. n. may be distinguished from any other Eumyllocerus species by its oval and inflated elytral shape, short stout metepisternum, small humeri, elytral setae shorter than 0.5 times the width of the second interval, the setae arranged in double rows, and its golden copper and pearl gray scales. The taxonomy of the genus is discussed. The two new species are described and habitus photographs and figures of diagnostic characters are provided. The type specimens of the new species are deposited in the Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China (holotype and paratypes) and the Korean Entomological Institute, Korea University, Seoul, Korea (paratypes).     

A chromosome study on two new polyploid parthenogenetic weevils in Kyûshu,Japan

The chromosomes of two native Japanese curculionid weevils, Myllocerus fumosus Faust and Macrocorynus griseoides Zumpt, collected in the warmest part of Japan, Kyûshu Island, were studied in germ cell squash preparations. Males of both species are unknown. Both species are triploid with exactly 33 chromosomes.     

A Species of Genus Hoplitis newly Recorded from Korea (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae)

ABSTRACT Hoplitis parvula Dufour et Perris, newly recorded from Korea was identified among megachilid specimens collected in Jeongseon and Yongin.     

New Obrieniidae from the jurassic of Kazakhstan (Coleoptera,Obrienioidea)

A new subfamily, Pseudobrieniinae, including the new genus Pseudobrienia and the new species Pseudobrienia rasnitsyni, Kararhynchus jurassicus, and K. gratshevi, are described from the Middle-Late Jurassic of Karatau. K. occiduus Zherikhin et Gratshev, 1993 is redescribed.     

First record of the genus Leluthia Cameron, 1887 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae,Doryctinae) in the Oriental region with description of two new species from India

The genus Leluthia Cameron, 1887 is recorded for the first time from the Oriental region. Two new species, Leluthia (Euhecabolodes) areola Ranjith et Belokobylskij, sp. nov. and L.(E.) indica Belokobylskij et Ranjith, sp. nov. are described and illustrated from the Indian states Kerala and Goa, respectively. The new species are most similar to the Western Palaearctic Hecabolus hungaricus (Szépligeti, 1900), which is reinstated from its synonymy with Polystenus and transferred to the genus Leluthia Cameron (stat. resurr. and comb. nov.).     

Taxonomy of the Genus Moriparia Kozének et Kwon (Diptera: Pipunculidae) from Korea

ABSTRACT Six species of the genus Moriparia Kozánek et Kwon including M. palgongsana sp. nov. and M. robusta sp. nov. from Korea are recorded. A key to Korean species is provided.     

Two Unrecorded Species of the Genus Enicospilus (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Ophioninae: Enicospilini) from Korea

ABSTRACT Two Enicospilus species, E. melanocarpus Cameron and E. pseudoconspersae (Sonan), are newly recorded in Korea. A revised key on the whole known Korean species including above two species are presented.     

Egorov’s narrow-skulled vole (Rodentia,Arvicolinae) from the Late Pleistocene of Eastern Siberia,a North American immigrant

A comparative study of the Late Pleistocene Egorov’s narrow-skulled vole from the Indigirka River basin is performed. The taxon was previously regarded as a subspecies of Microtus (Stenocranius) gregalis (Pallas, 1779). Based on a number of morphological characters, it is shown that this vole is closer to the American species Mynomes (Vocalomys) miurus (Osgood, 1901). It is proposed that Mynomes (V.) miurus egorovi (Fejgin in Baranova et Fejgin, 1980) penetrated into northeastern Siberia during the Zyryanian glacial.     

Enteric parasites and HIV infection: occurrence in AIDS patients in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

The occurrence of intestinal parasites, its relation with the transmission mechanism of HIV, and the clinical state of the AIDS patients, were analyzed in 99 Group IV patients (CDC, 1986), treated at "Hospital Universitário Pedro Ernesto" (HUPE), between 1986 and 1988. The group consisted of 79 (79.8%) patients whose HIV transmission mechanism took place through sexual contact and of 16 (20.2%) who were infected through blood. Feces samples from each patient were examined by four distincts methods (Faust et al., Kato-Katz, Baermann-Moraes and Baxby et al.). The most occurring parasites were: Cryptosporidium sp., Entamoeba coli and Endolimax nana (18.2%), Strongyloides stercoralis and Giardia lamblia (15.2%), E. histolytica and/or E. hartmanni (13.1%), Ascaris lumbricoides (11.1%) and Isospora belli (10.1%). Furthermore, 74.7% of the patients carried at least one species. Intestinal parasites were found in 78.5% of the patients who acquired the HIV through sexual intercourse and in 56.3% of those infected by blood contamination. The difference, was not statistically significant (p greater than 0.05). In the group under study, the increase of the occurrence of parasitic infections does not seem to depend on the acquisition of HIV through sexual contact. It appears that in developing countries, the dependency is more related to the classic mechanisms of parasites transmission and its endemicity.     

Redescription of Echinostoma trivolvis (Cort, 1914) (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) with a discussion on its identity

The life-cycle of Echinostoma trivolvis (Cort, 1914) has been completed experimentally and the validity and identity of this species are discussed. Synonyms for cercariae and adults of E. trivolvis are as follows: Cercaria trivolvis Cort, 1914, C. trisolenata Faust, 1917, C. acanthostoma Faust, 1918, C. complexa Faust, 1919; Distoma echinatum Zeder, 1803, of Leidy (1888, 1904) and Hassall (1896); E. echinatum (Zeder, 1803) of Hassall (1896), Stiles & Hassall (1895), Barker & Laughlin (1911), Barker (1916) and Swales (1933); E. revolutum (Frölich, 1802) Dietz, 1909 of Johnson (1920), Fallis (1934), Beaver (1937) and Fried & co-workers (1968–1989); E. armigerum Barker & Irvine, 1915; E. coalitum Barker & Beaver, 1915; E. callawayensis Barker & Noll, 1915; E. paraulum Dietz, 1909 of Miller (1937); E. multispinosum Vigueras, 1944; and Echinoparyphium contiguum Barker & Bastron, 1915. The first intermediate host is the planorbid snail Helisoma trivolvis. Second intermediate hosts are various pulmonate and prosobranch snails, mussels, planarians, fishes, frogs, tadpoles and freshwater turtles. Final hosts are various birds and mammals. E. trivolvis occurs only in North America.     

New and little known weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) from the Paleocene of Menat (France)

Two new genera Petropsis gen. n., and Menatorhis gen. n., and two species, Petropsis rostrata gen. et sp. n. (Ithyceridae) and Perapion menatensis sp. n. (Brentidae), are described from the Paleocene of Menat (France). Petropsis rostrata gen. et sp. n. is similar to Cretocar luzzii Gratshev et Zherikhin (2000) but differs from it in the comparatively short ventrites 1 and 2, almost straight and not dilated metatibiae, short precoxal portion of the prosternum, slightly convex elytra and antennae inserted more closely to the middle of the rostrum. Perapion menatensis sp. n. is similar to Perapion antiquum (Gyllenhal, 1833) but differs from it in the straight rostrum, sparser and finer punctures of the pronotum, and somewhat larger body. The families Ithyceridae and Brentidae are recorded for the first time in the Paleocene of Menat. The systematic positions of Balaninus elegans Piton (1940) (type species of Menatorhis gen. n.) and Hipporhinus ventricosus Piton (1940) are discussed.     

The Opecoelidae (Digenea) of sparid fishes of the western Mediterranean. V.Allopodocotyle Pritchard, 1966

Allopodocotyle pedicellata (Stossich, 1887) is redescribed fromSparus aurata from off Corsica and off Provence, France andA. jaffensis (Fischthal, 1980) is redescribed fromSparus pagrus, Dentex dentex andPagellus erythrinus from off Corsica. The status of the genus and these two species is briefly discussed.

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Résumé Allopodocotyle pedicellata (stossich, 1887) est redécrit chezSparus aurata des côtes de la Corse et de la Méditerranée française.A. jaffensis (Fischthal, 1980) est redécrit à partir d'exemplaires provenant deSparus pagrus, Dentex dentex et Pagellus erythrinus des côtes de la Corse. Le statut du genre et de ces deux espèces est discuté.

     

Seed defensins of barnyard grass Echinochloa crusgalli (L.) Beauv

From the annual weed barnyard grass Echinochloa crusgalli (L.) Beauv., two novel defensins Ec-AMP-D1 and Ec-AMP-D2 that differ by a single amino acid substitution were isolated by a combination of different chromatographic procedures. Both defensins were active against several phytopathogenic fungi and the oomycete Phytophthora infestans at micromolar concentrations. The Ec-AMP-D1 showed higher activity against the oomycete than Ec-AMP-D2. The comparison of the amino acid sequences of the antifungal E. crusgalli defensins with those of earlier characterized T. kiharae defensins [T.I. Odintsova, Ts.A. Egorov, A.Kh. Musolyamov, M.S. Odintsova, V.A. Pukhalsky, E.V. Grishin, Seed defensins from T. kiharae and related species: genome localization of defensin-encoding genes, Biochimie, 89 (2007) 605-612.] that were devoid of substantial antifungal activity point to the C-terminal region of the molecule as the main determinant of the antifungal activity of E. crusgalli defensins.     

Genetic analysis of toxic ion tolerance in barley

The genetic control of high tolerance of toxic aluminum ions in barley Hordeum vulgare L. has been studied. Cultivar Faust I (c-24612) and accession 9736 from Karelia have been compared with aluminum-sensitive cv. Colsess IV (accession c-24626). Analysis of F1, F2BC1, F3, and F4 progenies has shown that the development of roots of cv. Faust I in water medium with aluminum ions is determined by one (AlpF1) or two (AlpF1, AlpF2) genes. The development of roots of accession 9736 is determined by two genes, AlpK1 and AlpK2. The genes have not been not tested for nonidentity. The high tolerance of Faust I shoots are determined by one major tolerance factor and one dominant inhibitor gene, which hampers the manifestation of the dominant tolerance gene. The penetrance of the inhibitor gene may be incomplete. The aluminum sensitivity of roots and 7-day shoots of cv. Faust I is determined by different genetic factors. The response of barley plants to aluminum ions may be determined by small-effect genes.     

Distribution and genetic characteristics of Ephoron shigae (Ephemeroptera: Polymitarcyidae) in Korea

Ephoron shigae is distributed in Far East Russia, Korea and Japan, where it inhabits rivers, streams and lakes. Although this mayfly is a geographically parthenogenetic species, unisex populations have been observed only in Japan. We aimed to answer the following three questions: (i) whether there is a unisex population of E. shigae in Korea; (ii) whether migration and gene flow exists between E. shigae populations in Korea and Japan; and (3) whether E. shigae populations are fragmented in Korea because of mountains running to the north and south. We observed 20 populations across Korea and investigated the sex ratio in 12 populations. Our results showed that all the populations were bisex, and we believe that there is no unisex population of E. shigae in Korea. In addition, we examined the genetic structure of E. shigae in Korea by using the COI gene. The results showed that the Korean populations were clearly divergent from the Japanese populations; the level of genetic distance between the Korean and Japanese populations was interspecific rather than intraspecific. Therefore, parthenogenetic populations of E. shigae probably belong to unisex populations that originated in Japan, while the individuals would have not migrated to Korea. The Korean populations did not show clear fragmentation by geographic barrier, although this mayfly with extremely short adult stage (up to 2 h) could be a comparatively strong disperser across Korea.     

中国北方15种革螨的季节数量变动

作者曾在吉林省西部草原和甘肃省甘南高原调查了革螨的季节数量变动,本文报道的１５种革螨指数均为夏季最高,春,秋二季较低。     

Annotated type catalogue of the Orthalicoidea (Mollusca, Gastropoda) in the Royal Belgian Institute of Sciences, Brussels, with descriptions of two new species

The type status is described of 57 taxa from the superfamily Orthalicoidea in the collection of the Brussels museum. Two new species are described: Stenostylus perturbatussp. n., and Suniellus adrianisp. n. New lectotypes are designated for Bulimulus (Naesiotus) amastroides Ancey, 1887; Bulimulus blanfordianus Ancey, 1903; Bulimulus montivagus chacoensis Ancey, 1897; Bulimus coloratus Nyst, 1845; Plecochilus dalmasi Dautzenberg, 1900; Placostylus porphyrostomus elata Dautzenberg, 1923; Bulimulus ephippium Ancey, 1904; Bulimus fulminans Nyst, 1843; Bulimus funckii Nyst, 1843; Orphnus thompsoni lutea Cousin, 1887; Bulimus melanocheilus Nyst, 1845; Orphnus thompsoni nigricans Cousin, 1887; Orphnus thompsoni olivacea Cousin, 1887; Bulimulus pollonerae Ancey, 1897; Orphnus thompsoni zebra Cousin, 1887. New combinations are: Bostryx borellii (Ancey, 1897); Bostryx carandaitiensis (Preston, 1907); Protoglyptus mazei (Crosse, 1874); Kuschelenia (Vermiculatus) sanborni (Haas, 1947). New synonymies are established for the following nominal taxa: Orphnus thompsoni var. lutea Cousin, 1887 = Kara thompsonii (Pfeiffer, 1845); Orphnus thompsoni var. nigricans Cousin, 1887 = Kara thompsonii (Pfeiffer, 1845); Thaumastus nystianus var. nigricans Cousin, 1887 = Drymaeus (Drymaeus) nystianus (Pfeiffer, 1853); Orphnus thompsoni var. olivacea Cousin, 1887 = Kara thompsonii (Pfeiffer, 1845); Orphnus thompsoni var. zebra Cousin, 1887 = Kara thompsonii (Pfeiffer, 1845).