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1.
Pig lymphocyte plasma membrane isolated from mesenteric lymph node contained 69 mug of carbohydrate/mg dry wt., which was made up of neutral sugar, amino sugar and sialic acid in the molar proportions 5:1.7:1. The neutral sugar comprised fucose, ribose, mannose, glucose, galactose and inositol (molar proportions 2:9:11:15:26:1), and the amino sugar glucosamine and galactosamine (molar ratio 2:1). The ribose was most probably derived from RNA. All of the fucose and mannose and almost all of the glucosamine were associated with the membrane protein whereas the membrane lipid contained all of the inositol. The remaining sugars were distributed in various ratios between the protein and lipid fractions. 相似文献
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E E Sharova 《Arkhiv anatomii, gistologii i émbriologii》1991,100(1):54-57
By means of microanatomical methods the inferior tracheobronchial lymph nodes have been investigated in 48 Wistar rats in 2 weeks and 3 months after discontinuance of inhalation of dimethylsulfate (DMS) vapours for 2 and 14 days by the animals in concentration 2.0 mg/m3, that is to say during rehabilitation period. Comparison of relative parameters of the structural components areas and cell composition of the lymph nodes has been carried out. During rehabilitation period after DMS inhalation for 2 days the cortical and medullary areas in histological preparations do not essentially differ from corresponding parameters of an acute experiment (2 days, 2.0 mg/m3, without rehabilitation). Amount (%) of cells with mitotic figures in the lymphoid nodules++ increases in 2 weeks and in 3 months. Contents of poorly differentiated cells during rehabilitation periods increase in the cortical plateau, but keeps nearly at the same low level as during the acute experiment in the lymphoid nodules++. In 2 weeks after DMS influence for 14 days, the cortical and medullary area in the histological preparations reach the control levels. In the lymphoid nodules++ a relative amount of reticular, poorly differentiated, mitotically dividing cells increases, and in the medullary cords contents of middle and small lymphocytes become greater in comparison with the acute experiment (14 days, 2.0 mg/m3, without rehabilitation).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
3.
Summary The perfused large mesenteric lymph node of the dog was observed under the scanning electron microscope.The lymph sinus contains reticulum cells which mostly are two-dimensionally formed stellate plates oriented in a uniform direction. Large round macrophages are loosely fixed by the reticulum cell processes. No intermediate type between both cells has been observed. Macrophages having a few long tentacle-like projections are densely covered by clubbed cytoplasmic processes. Smaller round cells, probably plasma cells and lymphocytes also remained in the sinus.The pulp of the node is built up by reticulum cells, much smaller than those in the sinus, and by densely packed round cells including a few macrophages.The trabeculae and the reticulum of the nodal parenchyme form a continuous structure.Cordial thanks are expressed to Dr. Toshihiro Ishii, Professor of Anatomy of the Tohoku University Medical School, for his valuable advice. Thanks are also due to the kind cooperation of Mr. Akira Kubotsu of the Central Research Laboratories, Kuraray Co. Ltd. 相似文献
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Summary Blood-, lymph node-, and tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (PBL, LNC, and TIL, respectively) from patients with colonic neoplasms were tested for responsiveness to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA). All populations responded, with LNC and PBL showing comparable reactivities while TIL were less reactive as assessed by incorporation of 3H-thymidine. Increased mitogen responsiveness was observed for T cells enriched by SRBC rosette formation or passage through nylon columns. Mitomycin C-treated LNC and TIL inhibited PHA induced 3H-thymidine incorporation of admixed autologous PBL, suggesting the presence of suppressor cells. Suppressor activity resided primarily in the SRBC rosetting population and was dose-dependent, with increasing numbers of LNC giving greater diminution of PHA response. Suppression by LNC was apparent only when they were added to PBL responders within 6 h of the initiation of stimulation assays, in common with the effects of Concanavalin A (Con A)-induced suppressors on PBL phytomitogen responsiveness. Con A-induced and LNC-suppressor activity could be reversed by addition of lymphocyte-conditioned medium (CM) containing T cell growth factor (TCGF; interleukin IL-2). These data provide further evidence that the suppressor phenomena observed in this system are a function of activated T cells present both in drainage lymph nodes and at the tumour site. 相似文献
5.
Ferret-Bernard S Remot A Lacroix-Lamandé S Metton C Bernardet N Drouet F Laurent F 《PloS one》2010,5(10):e13705
Background
Comparative studies on the response of neonates and adults to TLR stimulation have been almost exclusively limited to comparisons of human neonatal cord blood cells with peripheral blood from adults, and analyses of spleen cell responses in mice. We need to extend these studies and gain further information regarding such responses at mucosal sites.Methodology/Principal Findings
We used sheep as a large animal model to study TLR agonist responses in the lymph nodes draining the intestine, an organ that must adapt to profound changes after birth. In response to the imidazoquinoline compound R-848, neonatal mesenteric lymph node (MLN) and spleen cells produced more IL-12 and, consequently, more IFNγ than their adult counterparts. This difference was age-related for both organs, but the preferential IL-12 response decreased more rapidly in the MLN, with young animals producing similar amounts of this cytokine to adults, from the age of 20 days onwards. Intracellular assays and depletion experiments identified CD14+CD11b+CD40+ cells as the main producer of IL-12. These cells accounted for a greater proportion of neonatal than of adult MLN cells, and also produced, in direct response to R-848, more IL-12 after isolation. This strong IL-12 response in neonates occurred despite the production of larger amounts of the regulatory cytokine IL-10 and the stronger upregulation of SOCS-1 and SOCS-3 mRNA levels than in adult cells, and was correlated with an increase in p38/MAPK phosphorylation.Conclusions/Significance
This is the first attempt to decipher the mechanism by which neonatal MLN cells produce more IL-12 than adult cells in response to the TLR8 agonist R-848. CD14+CD11b+CD40+ IL-12-producing cells were more numerous in neonate than in adult MLN cells and displayed higher intracellular responsiveness upon R-848 stimulation. This work provides relevant information for future vaccination or immunostimulation strategies targeting neonates. 相似文献6.
K Sasaki 《The American journal of anatomy》1990,188(4):373-380
Erythrocytes extravasated into the sinuses of the rat mesenteric lymph nodes as a result of short-term clamping of the portal vein were, although autologous, phagocytized markedly by the lymph node macrophages at 1 hr after reopening of the vein. The erythrophagosomes formed in the macrophages were exposed three-dimensionally by the cellular matrix maceration method and observed with a high-resolution scanning electron microscope. These results were compared to those obtained by conventional transmission electron microscopy. The process of degradation of an erythrocyte took about 6 hr. Coated pits were formed on the erythrophagosomal membrane at the early stage, and the erythrophagosomes were degraded by two different pathways: 1) the degradative pathway by invaginations of the phagosomal membrane, through which the erythrophagosome shrank and broke into secondary lysosomes, and 2) the hemolytic degradative pathway, by which it lost its content and formed a ghost. 相似文献
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N A Sklianova V A Shkurupi? V N Grigor'ev 《Biulleten' eksperimental'no? biologii i meditsiny》1987,104(11):630-633
The ultrastructure of blood capillary endotheliocytes of iliac lymph nodes during pregnancy was investigated in rats. It was found that changes in microcirculation during pregnancy are accompanied by the appearance of the adaptive changes at all levels of lymph node structural organization. They are: increased lumen of arterial and venous part of the capillaries, increased intermediate sinus volume, increased fenestration of both parts of capillaries, a sharp increase in the number of micropinocytous vesicles and activation of transendothelial channel formation. 相似文献
8.
Gu JY Wakizono Y Sunada Y Hung P Nonaka M Sugano M Yamada K 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》1999,63(10):1697-1702
The immunoregulatory effects of dietary alpha-tocopherol (Toc) and tocotrienols (T-3) on humoral and cell-mediated immunity and cytokine productions were examined in Brown Norway rats. We found that the IgA and IgG productivity of spleen and mesenteric lymph node (MLN) lymphocytes was significantly enhanced in the rats fed on Toc or T-3, irrespective of concanavalin A (Con A) stimulation of the lymphocytes. On the contrary, the IgE productivity of lymphocytes from the rats fed on Toc or T-3 was less without Con A stimulation, but was greater in the presence of Con A, especially in the T-3 group. Toc or T-3 feeding significantly decreased the proportion of CD4+ T cells and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ in both spleen and MLN lymphocytes of the rats fed on Toc or T-3. The interferon-gamma productivity of MLN lymphocytes was higher in the rats fed on Toc or T-3 than in those fed on a control diet in the presence of Con A, while that of spleen lymphocytes was lower in the rats fed on Toc or T-3. In addition, T-3 feeding decreased the productivity of tumor necrosis factor-alpha of spleen lymphocytes, while it enhanced the productivity of MLN lymphocytes. These results suggest that oral administration of Toc and T-3 affects the proliferation and function of spleen and MLN lymphocytes. 相似文献
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10.
M A Dolgova O S Kul'bakh I S Podosinnikov 《Arkhiv anatomii, gistologii i émbriologii》1985,89(10):71-76
Development of pregnancy results in a systemic reaction of the immunogenetic organs: the structure of both the central (thymus) and peripheral lymphoid organs (lymph nodes) undergoes certain changes, beginning from its earliest stages (preimplantation period). Unidirection of the processes in the iliac (that are regional for the uterus) and mesenteric lymph nodes is stated. The reconstruction of the node occurs according to the reaction type at tissue allotransplantation, when hypertrophy of the thymus-dependent zone comes forward. During the period of the greatest manifestations of these alterations, however (the second half of pregnancy) the migration process of lymphocytes from blood into the lymph node is significantly inhibited. This is essentially clear in the iliac lymph nodes. The reconstruction of the thymus is in general similar with phenomena of accidental involution. However, accumulation of thymocytes in the medulla demonstrates blocking of their discharge into the blood stream. The disturbed processes of recirculation of result in incompleteness of the immune response at pregnancy and, perhaps, are included into the protective mechanisms of the offspring reproduction. 相似文献
11.
The large mononuclear cells showed the features of mononuclear phagocytes and were mainly characterised by a large number of vacuolar structures. The results suggest that there is storage of lipids and mucosubstances, probably in enlarged lysosomes. 相似文献
12.
Presumptive lymph node organizers are differentially represented in developing mesenteric and peripheral nodes 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Cupedo T Vondenhoff MF Heeregrave EJ De Weerd AE Jansen W Jackson DG Kraal G Mebius RE 《Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)》2004,173(5):2968-2975
During murine embryogenesis, the formation of Peyer's patches (PPs) is initiated by CD45(+)CD4(+)CD3(-) lymphoid tissue inducers that trigger adhesion molecule expression and specific chemokine production from an organizing stromal cell population through ligation of the lymphotoxin-beta receptor. However, the steps involved in the development of lymph nodes (LNs) are less clear than those of PPs, and the characteristics of the organizing cells within the LN anlagen have yet to be documented. In this study, we show for the first time that the early anlage is bordered by an endothelial layer that retains a mixed lymphatic and blood vascular phenotype up to embryonic day 16.5. This in turn encompasses CD45(+)CD4(+)CD3(-) cells interspersed with ICAM-1/VCAM-1/mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1, lymphotoxin-beta receptor-positive, chemokine-producing cells analogous to the organizing population previously observed in PPs. Moreover, these LN organizers also express the TNF family member, TRANCE. Lastly, we show that the ICAM-1/VCAM-1/mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 cells present in peripheral and mesenteric LN form two discrete populations expressing either intermediate or high levels of these adhesion molecules but that the former population is specifically reduced in PLN. These findings provide a possible explanation for the well-known differences in developmental requirements for nodes at peripheral or mesenteric locations. 相似文献
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Mesenteric lymph node cells from normal rats and rats infected with Nippostrongylus brasiliensis (Nb) were cultured with pokeweed mitogen (PWM) or Nb antigen, and the development of IgM-, IgG2a-, or IgE-containing cells was assessed by immunofluorescence. Normal lymph node cells stimulated with PWM developed into both IgM- and IgE-containing cells, whereas similar stimulation of cells from Nb-infected rats resulted in the development of IgM-, IgG2a-, and IgE-containing cells. The in vitro plasma cell response to PWM was dependent on the presence of T lymphocytes. Lymph node cells from Nb-infected rats responsed to Nb antigen and developed into plasma cells of IgM, IgG, and IgE classes. The response was antigen specific and required antigen-primed T cells. Depletion of IgE-bearing cells or IgM-bearing cells before stimulation with either PWM or Nb antigen diminished the level of IgE forming cell development, suggesting that IgE-IgM double bearing cells are precursors of IgE-forming cells. The distribution of the three isotypes among the If-forming cells that developed in response to PWM was influenced by the source of both B and T cells. When B cells from Nb-infected rats were employed as a source of precursors, T cells from infected animals were more effective than normal T cells for the development of IgE-forming cells, whereas the latter cells were more effective for the development of IgG2a-forming cells than T cells from infected animals. 相似文献
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Iu I Borodin N A Sklianova V N Grigor'ev 《Biulleten' eksperimental'no? biologii i meditsiny》1988,105(1):82-85
Using light and electron microscopy and morphometry, the morphological changes in the lymph nodes of arterial and venous parts of capillaries were studied on the 11th, 17th and 21st days of pregnancy in rats. Ultrastructural changes in endothelial cells of blood vessels in the uterine lymph nodes during normal pregnancy are of adaptive nature and are possibly responsible for the relief of the blood congestion in the system of the inferior vena cava and for the improvement of the utero-placental circulation. 相似文献
19.
Iu I Borodin E V Demenchuk N A Sklianova Iu I Sklianov M S Liubarski? E D Ustiugov 《Arkhiv anatomii, gistologii i émbriologii》1991,101(9-10):41-45
In the lymphoid tissue of the iliac lymph node at an aseptic inflammation in the uterus the greatest changes have been revealed in 48 h from the moment, when the foreign body has been introduced. They are manifested at the tissue level (increasing content of macrophages, lymphoblasts, large lymphocytes, plasmoblasts, immature plasmocytes, mast cells, neutrophils), as well as at the organic level (increasing amount of secondary lymph noduli, increasing area of the paracortical zone, decreasing area of the cortical plateau, of the medullary intermediate sinus, medullary cords). Use of carbomineral sorbents ensures correction of the inflammation; this is demonstrated as reduction of reactive changes in the regional lymph node. 相似文献
20.
Beong Ou Lim Koji Yamada Michihiro Sugano 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Animal》1994,30(6):407-413
Summary We investigated the effect of bile acids either alone or in combination with lectins on immunoglobulin (Ig) production in vitro of rat mesenteric lymph node (MLN) lymphocytes to examine their immunoregulatory activities. Among free bile acids examined, chenodeoxycholic acid stimulated IgE production by MLN lymphocytes and inhibited IgA production at the concentration of 0.3 mM, whereas cholic and deoxycholic acids exerted the comparable effect at 3 mM. Among conjugated bile acids, deoxycholic acid derivatives stimulated IgE production more strongly than cholic acid derivatives. On the other hand, free and conjugated bile acids did not affect IgG production. The IgE production by MLN lymphocytes was stimulated by concanavalin A and inhibited by pokeweed mitogen, and the effect of phytohemmagglutinin and lipopolysaccharide was marginal. These lectins did not affect IgA and IgG production by the lymphocytes. In the presence of lectins, free bile acids affected IgE production at 0.03 mM. These results suggest the possibility that bile acid is a stimulant for food allergy. 相似文献