菜豆幼苗EPSP合成酶的分离纯化和它的部分性质

利用硫酸铵分级沉淀,Ｓｅｐｈｅｄｅｘ Ｇ－５０凝胶柱层析,ＦＰＬＣ Ｍｏｎｏ－Ｑ和磷酸纤维素离子层析法从菜豆幼苗中分离提纯了ＥＰＳＰ合成酶。该酶被纯化２９６１．６倍,比活性达到６２１９．４ｎｍｏｌｍｇ＾－１蛋白ｍｉｎ＾－１。该酶分子量经ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ检测为５１ｋＤ,等电点为ｐＨ５．７,酶促反应最适ｐＨ７．５,最适温度４５℃。６．２μｍｏｌ／Ｌ的除草剂草甘膦能抑制ＥＰＳＰ合成酶活性的５０％。     

甘薯叶片蔗糖酶的分离纯化及其部分性质

纯化酶经聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳显示单一蛋白带,ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ显示一条蛋自带,其亚基分子量为３９．８ｋＤ。用ＳｅｐｈａｃｒｙｌＳ－２００凝胶过滤测得全酶的分子量为７９．４ｋＤ,该酶由两个相同亚基组成。其表观Ｋｍ为１２ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ,Ｖｍａｘ为９９．５ｍｇ还原糖ｍｇ－１ｐｒｏｔｅｉｎｈ－１。     

壳聚糖酶的分离纯化及性质研究

以实验室分离的产壳聚糖酶的LS菌株出发,制备壳聚糖酶粗酶液,经(NH_4)_2SO_4盐析、透析、DEAE-Sephadex A25阴离子交换、Sephadex G-100凝胶过滤分离纯化后,SDS-PAGE显示为一条带,壳聚糖酶被纯化了22.4倍,回收率为34.2%。同时对其酶学性质进行了初步研究,发现该酶在低于35℃和pH 6.O～7.5范围内较稳定,最适反应温度为55℃,反应pH 5.0～5.5;Zn~(2 )、Ag~ 、Ca~(2 )、Co~(2 )、Mn~(2 )对该酶有明显的促进作用,而Fe~(3 )、Hg~(2 )对该酶有强烈的抑制作用;该酶的米氏常数(K_m)为2.50 mg/mL,最大反应速度(V_(max))为4.19μmol/(mL·min);SDS-PAGE测定的相对分子质量为30.9×10~3。     

重组磷脂酰丝氨酸合成酶的分离纯化及酶学性质研究

利对重组枯草芽孢杆菌(pBES-pss)表达的磷脂酰丝氨酸合成酶进行分离纯化及酶学性质研究.pBES-pss发酵后的粗酶液经硫酸铵盐析、中空纤维膜除盐浓缩、SP-Sepharose HP离子交换层析和Sephadex G-75凝胶层析,基本获得电泳纯的重组磷脂酰丝氨酸合成酶,比活力可达13.62 U/mg,分子量约为53 kD.酶学性质研究表明,该酶催化卵磷脂水解反应的最适pH8.0,最适温度为35℃.稳定性研究表明:该酶在pH 6.5～9.5 区间和低于45℃温度下稳定.表面活性剂及金属离子对该酶水解活性的影响结果表明,SDS、Tween20、Tween80对该酶有抑制作用,Triton X-100对该酶有增强作用;Mg2+、Zn2+、K+对该酶有抑制作用,Ca2+、Mn2+和EDTA对该酶有增强作用.     

一种食源性溶栓酶的分离纯化与部分酶学性质的研究

目的对以豆渣为原料,接种纳豆菌的发酵物分离纯化和酶学性质研究。方法采用生理盐水浸提、(NH4)2SO4分级沉淀、Sephadex G-100凝胶层析等纯化步骤,得到层析纯的食源性溶栓酶-纳豆激酶,结果经聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳显示为二个组分。酶学性质研究表明,以酪蛋白为底物时,最适反应温度为60℃,最适反应pH为8.0,在pH7~9溶液中,37℃以下基本稳定。体外溶栓作用表明,纳豆激酶溶解纤维蛋白的方式主要是直接溶解,而不是纤溶酶原激活剂。     

洋紫荆凝集素的分离纯化和性质

利用酸化处理的Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ ６Ｂ亲和柱从洋紫荆种子中分离纯化出了洋紫荆凝集素（ＢＶＬ）,其比活性比抽提液提高了１５９倍,活力回收率为４９．０％。ＢＶＬ分子量为８１０００,由两个相同的亚基组成。等电聚焦凝胶电注测得其等电点为４．９５。其紫外吸收高峰在２７６ｎｍ处。ＢＶＬ具一定的的热稳定性和酸碱稳定性。Ｎ－乙酰－Ｄ氨基半乳能强烈地抑制ＢＶＬ对兔红细胞的凝集作用。乳糖、半乳糖也有较强的抑制定性。Ｎ     

担子菌漆酶的分离纯化及其性质研究

采用硫酸铵盐析、DEAE纤维素柱层析、Phenyl SepharoseTM6 Fast Flow疏水柱层析等方法,得到电泳纯的漆酶同工酶Lac1,纯化倍数为318.4,活力回收率为18.6％。用SDSPAGE测得该酶分子量为60.3kD,而经质谱分析为55.94kD。最适反应温度为65℃,最适反应pH值为2.2～2.8,酶的等电点pI（室温）为4.02,其N末端序列为AIGPVTDL,用硫酸酚法测得其含糖量为49.2％。25℃条件下,以ABTS(2,2'azinobis(3ethylbenzthiazoline6sulphonate)为底物的Km为17.5μmol/L。该酶在45℃,pH3.0～9.5较稳定。Cu^2＋对酶活有明显的促进作用,Fe^2＋完全抑制酶的活性,Mn^2＋和Ag^＋对酶活无明显影响。DTT（Dithiothreitol,二硫苏糖醇）和NaN3完全抑制酶的活性。Koshland试剂对漆酶的活力影响比较大,色氨酸可能是酶活力的必需基团。     

蚯蚓纤溶酶的分离纯化及性质

蚯蚓纤溶酶的分离纯化及性质邢宝东殷慎敏茹炳根（北京大学生命科学学院生物化学及分子生物学系,北京１００８７１）关键词蚯蚓;纤溶酶;纤维蛋白收搞日期：１９９７－０１－２１;接收日期：１９９７－０３－２７。蚯蚓作为中药已有悠久历史,许多中医都把它作为活血药...     

水稻氨基酰化酶的分离纯化与性质分析

氨基酰化酶是专一水解Ｎ－酰基化Ｌ－氨基酸的蛋白酶,从水稻黄化苗得到的抽提液,经过硫酸铵分级沉淀,丙酮分级沉淀和阴离子交换层析三个步骤,纯化得到了该酶,比活达到１００Ｕ／ｍｇ蛋白,在无还原剂在的ＳＤＳ－聚丙炮酰胺凝胶电泳下显单一条带,分子量为４０ｋＤ。而交层分析分析表明活性分子的分子量约９０ｋＤ,因此可推测它的活性分子由两个亚基通过非共份键作用组合而成。     

水稻EPSP合酶cDNA克隆、序列分析及其拷贝数测定

根据本室分离的水稻EPSP合酶基因的基因组序列设计一对引物 ,利用RT_PCR方法首次从水稻 (Oryzasati vaL .subsp .indica)叶片的RNA中扩增获得了水稻编码EPSP合酶的全长为 15 85bp的cDNA片段 ,它含有一个完整的开放读码框 ,编码 5 11个氨基酸 ,包括 44 4个氨基酸组成的成熟肽序列以及N端的 6 7个氨基酸组成的叶绿体转运肽序列。成熟肽氨基酸序列对比表明 ,除真菌来源的EPSP合酶变异较大外 ,其他来源的EPSP合酶同源性较高 ,均在 5 1%以上。而叶绿体转运肽氨基酸序列同源性较低。Southern杂交表明水稻EPSP合酶基因在水稻基因组中以单拷贝形式存在。RT_PCR分析表明 ,水稻EPSP合酶基因在根、未成熟种子和叶片中均有转录表达 ,在叶片中表达量最高     

水稻EPSP合酶cDNA克隆、序列分析及其拷贝数测定

根据本室分离的水稻EPSP合酶基因的基因组序列设计一对引物,利用RT-PCR方法首次从水稻(Oryza sativa L. subsp. indica)叶片的RNA中扩增获得了水稻编码EPSP合酶的全长为1 585 bp的cDNA片段,它含有一个完整的开放读码框,编码511个氨基酸,包括444个氨基酸组成的成熟肽序列以及N端的67个氨基酸组成的叶绿体转运肽序列.成熟肽氨基酸序列对比表明,除真菌来源的EPSP合酶变异较大外,其他来源的EPSP合酶同源性较高,均在51%以上.而叶绿体转运肽氨基酸序列同源性较低.Southern杂交表明水稻EPSP合酶基因在水稻基因组中以单拷贝形式存在.RT-PCR分析表明,水稻EPSP合酶基因在根、未成熟种子和叶片中均有转录表达,在叶片中表达量最高.     

四季豆幼苗中尿囊酸酰胺水解酶的一些特性

酰脲代谢在许多固氮豆科植物氮素代谢中起重要作用;尿囊酸的酰胺水解酶(EC3.5.3.9)分解尿囊酸成为脲基乙醇酸和CO2、NH3,脲基乙醇酸的酰胺水解酶进一步分解脲基乙醇酸产生乙醛酸和CO2、NH3.该文首次报告测定四季豆尿囊酸降解酶(分解尿囊酸的酶)的方法,酶反应基质需要盐酸苯肼存在.在四季豆干种子、幼苗根、茎和叶,均可测出尿囊酸降解酶活力.从四季豆幼苗分离出两个尿囊酸降解酶.一个分子量大于200 kD,另一个分子量为13.5 kD;小分子量的尿囊酸降解酶(没有脲基乙醇酸酰胺水解酶或脲酶活力)用于性质研究.酶反应产物分析表明,该酶是尿囊酸的酰胺水解酶.该酶反应的最适pH为8.5.Mn2 是该酶的金属辅助因子.Km为76μmol/L,Vmax为16.7 nKat/mg(=1 002 nmol min1mg1).乙醛酸和乙醇酸抑制该酶活力.赖氨酸残基和色氨酸残基是酶活力的必需基团;巯基和酪氨酸残基不是酶活力的必需基团.     

Structural bioinformatics study of EPSP synthase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis

The shikimate pathway is an attractive target for herbicides and antimicrobial agent development because it is essential in algae, higher plants, bacteria, and fungi, but absent from mammals. Homologues to enzymes in the shikimate pathway have been identified in the genome sequence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Among them, the EPSP synthase was proposed to be present by sequence homology. Accordingly, in order to pave the way for structural and functional efforts towards anti-mycobacterial agent development, here we describe the molecular modeling of 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate (EPSP) synthase isolated from M. tuberculosis that should provide a structural framework on which the design of specific inhibitors may be based on. Significant differences in the relative orientation of the domains in the two models result in "open" and "closed" conformations. The possible relevance of this structural transition in the ligand biding is discussed.     

Purification and Properties of a Glycoprotein Processing alpha-Mannosidase from Mung Bean Seedlings

The microsomal fraction of mung bean seedlings contains mannosidase activities capable of hydrolyzing [³H]mannose from the [³H]Man₉GlcNAc as well as for releasing mannose from p-nitrophenyl-α-d-mannopyranoside. The glycoprotein processing mannosidase was solubilized from the microsomes with 1.5% Triton X-100 and was purified 130-fold by conventional methods and also by affinity chromatography on mannan-Sepharose and mannosamine-Sepharose. The final enzyme preparation contained a trace of aryl-mannosidase, but this activity was inhibited by swainsonine whereas the processing enzyme was not. The pH optimum for the processing enzyme was 5.5 to 6.0, and activity was optimum in the presence of 0.1% Triton X-100. The enzyme was inhibited by ethylenediaminetetraacetate while Ca²⁺ was the most effective cation for reversing this inhibition. Mn²⁺ was considerably less effective than Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ was without effect. The processing mannosidase was inhibited by α1,2- and α1,3-linked mannose oligosaccharides (50% inhibition at 3 millimolar), whereas free mannose and α1,6-linked mannose oligosaccharides were ineffective. Mannosamine was also an inhibitor of this enzyme. The aryl-mannosidase and the processing mannosidase could also be distinguished by their susceptibility to various processing inhibitors. The aryl-mannosidase was inhibited by swainsonine and 1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-d-mannitol but not by deoxymannojirimycin or other inhibitors, while the processing mannosidase was only inhibited by deoxymannojirimycin. The processing mannosidase was incubated for long periods with [³H]Man₉GlcNAc and the products were identified by gel filtration. Even after a 24 hour incubation, the only two radioactive products were Man₅GlcNAc and free mannose. Thus, this enzyme appears to be similar to the animal processing enzyme, mannosidase I, and is apparently a specific α1,2-mannosidase.     

番茄果实ACC合成酶的纯化

以伤诱导的番茄囊果皮为材料,改进了ＡＣＣ合成酶（ＥＣ４．４．１．１４）纯化方法。经改进的５步纯化后,ＡＣＣ合成酶被纯化７３００倍,比活性达到１１６８７０Ｕ／ｍｇ蛋白,回收率为７％．以较少的步骤得到了较高的纯化倍数。纯化的ＡＣＣ合成酶经ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ和银染检验为一条带,分子量为５０ｋＤ,等电点为ｐＨ６．５。     

玉米花粉32kD蛋白的纯化及性质

利用丙酮粉、硫酸铵分段盐析及离子交换层析技术,从玉米花粉细胞质中分离纯化了一种３２ｋＤ的可溶性蛋白,其ＧＴＰａｓｅ活性大于ＡＴＰａｓｅ。ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ表明达银染电泳纯。等电聚焦电泳测得等电点为５．２５。免疫印迹鉴定表明该蛋白与抗牛脑动蛋白或动力蛋白的抗体无免疫交叉反应。最大紫外吸收波长为２８２ｎｍ,ＣＤ谱分析说明具有球蛋白特征。     

Purification and Characterization of a Basic Amino Acid-Specific Peptidase from Seeds of Jack Bean (Canavalia ensiformis)

A peptidase was purified from seeds of Canavalia ensiformis by extraction with water, ammonium sulfate precipitation, and successive chromatographies on DEAE-Toyopearl 650M, butyl-Toyopearl 650M, and G-3000 SW columns. The enzyme has an apparent molecular weight of 41,000. Activity is maximal at pH 9 and 60°C. The enzyme hydrolyzed synthetic substrates at Arg-X and Lys-X bonds more rapidly than bovine trypsin did, and did not cleave protein or ester substrates. The enzyme was inhibited by alkylamines and several serine protease inhibitors such as diisopropylfluorophosphate, chymostatin, leupeptin, and benzamidine. Cysteine protease-, metalloprotease-, and proteinous trypsin inhibitors were ineffective. Inhibition by alkylamines was dependent on length of the alkyl chains. From the substrate specificity and susceptibility to chemicals, the enzyme is a unique peptidase with trypsin-like specificity.     

银胶菊丙二烯氧化物合成酶的表达纯化及其活性分析

植物来源细胞色素P450的表达和结晶都十分困难,成为成功解析该类蛋白晶体结构的瓶颈。探索了使用大肠杆菌表达系统表达、纯化银胶菊丙二烯氧化物合成酶(allene oxide synthase,AOS)的方法。氨基酸序列比对分析显示,银胶菊AOS缺失N-末端的膜锚定序列和信号肽序列,推测其在大肠杆菌中应表达为水溶性蛋白质。试验中纯化得到的银胶菊AOS是一个分子量为54.5 kD的八聚体分子,均一性好,不含去垢剂,达到毫克量级,适合下一步的晶体培养研究;还原一氧化碳差示光谱显示该酶在450 nm处有特征吸收峰,酶活性测定得到该酶的米氏常数为45.3μmol/L,显示该重组AOS具有很高的酶活性。     

核盘菌5-烯醇丙酮酰莽草酸-3-磷酸合酶的酶学性质

核盘菌5-烯醇丙酮酰莽草酸-3-磷酸合酶（EPSP合酶）是AROM多功能酶的活性之一.该酶催化莽草酸磷酸（S3P）和磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸（PEP）产生5-烯醇丙酮酰莽草酸-3-磷酸和无机磷酸的可逆反应,受除草剂草甘膦（N-（膦羧甲基）甘氨酸）抑制.纯化了核盘菌AROM蛋白并对EPSP合酶进行了酶学特征研究.结果显示,该酶反应的最适pH值为7.2,最适温度为30℃.热失活反应活化能是69.62 kJ/mol.底物S3P和PEP浓度分别高于1 mmol/L和2 mmol/L时,对EPSP合酶反应产生抑制作用.用双底物反应恒态动力学Dalziel方程求得的Km(PEP)为140.98 μmol/L,K _m(S3P)为139.58 μmol/L.酶动力学模型遵循顺序反应机制.草甘膦是该酶反应底物PEP的竞争性抑制剂（Ki为0.32 μmol/L）和S3P的非竞争性抑制剂.正向反应受K⁺激活.当［K⁺］增加时,K _m(PEP)随之降低,Km(S3P)不规律变化,而K _i(PEP)随［K⁺］增加而提高.