Design Lesson Number One

Abstract

Ourselves, Our Values: James Lincoln Collier. The Rise of Selfishness in America. New York: Oxford University Press, 1991. 308 pages. $24.95 hardback.

Ourselves, Our Values: Kenneth J. Gergen. The Saturated Self: Dilemmas of Identity in Contemporary Life. New York: Basic Books, 1991. 295 pages. $24.95 hardback.

Ourselves, Our Values: Mary Ann Glendon. Rights Talk: The Impoverishment of Political Discourse. New York: The Free Press, 1991. 218 pages. $22.95 hardback.

Ourselves, Our Values: Paul Leinberger and Bruce Tucker. The New Individualist: The Generation after the Organization Man. New York: Harper Collins, 1991. 454 pages. $24.95 hardback.

The Schools Mess: Chester E. Finn, Jr. We Must Take Charge: Our Schools and Our Future. New York: Macmillan, 1991. 365 pages. $22.95 hardback.

The Schools Mess: Dennis P. Doyle, Bruce S. Cooper, and Robert Trachtman. Taking Charge: State Action on School Reform in the 80's. Indianapolis, Indiana: Hudson Institute, 1991. 150 pages. $15.00 paperback.

The Schools Mess: Jonathan Kozol. Savage Inequalities: Children in America's Schools. New York: Crown Publishers, 1991. 250 pages. $20.00 hardback.

The Schools Mess: Jane M. Healy. Endangered Minds: Why Children Don't Think and What We Can Do About It. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1990. 382 pages. $11.00 paperback.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviws in this Article
Daniel Callahan: What Kind of Life - The Limits of Medical Progress, New York: Touchstone, 1991
Hans-Martin Sass (Hrsg.), Genomanalyse und Gentherapie. Ethische Herausforderungen in der Humanmedizin. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 1991
AIDS: A Moral Issue - The Ethical, Legal and Social Aspects, edited by Brenda Almond, MacMillan 1990     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviws in this Article
The Human Body and the Law, 2nd edition by D.W. Meyers, Edinburgh University Press, 1990
Classic Cases in Medical Ethics by Gregory E. Pence. New York: McGraw-Hill Publishing Co. 1990
Changing Values in Medical and Health Care Decision Making, edited by Uffejuul Jensen and Gavin Mooney. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, 1990
IVF and Justice by Teresa Iglesias, London: The Linacre Centre For Health Care Ethics, 1990
The Practical, Moral and Personal Sense of Nursing: A Phenomenon-ological Philosophy of Practice by Anne H. Bishop and John R. Scudder, Jr. New York: State University of New York Press, 1990
A Companion to Ethics, edited by Peter Singer. Oxford and Cambridge, Mass: Basil Blackwell, 1991.
Ethics and Law in Health Care and Research edited by Peter Byrne, Chichester, UK: 1990
The Human Embryo edited by G.R. Dunstan, Exeter: Exeter University Press, 1990
Everyday Ethics: Resolving Dilemmas in Nursing Home Life by Rosalie A. Kane and Arthur L. Caplan. N.Y.: Springer Publishing Company, 1990
Psychiatric Ethics, 2nd edition, edited by S. Bloch and P. Chodoff. Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1991
Health Care and Gender by Charlotte Muller. New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 1990     

Books

A ndrew R.J. (ed.) 1991. Neural and Behavioral Plasticity: the use of the domestic chick as a model
B eissinger , S.R. & S nyder , N.F.R. (eds) 1992. New World Parrots in Crisis: Solutions from Conservation Biology
B erthold , P. (ed.) 1991. Orientation in Birds
B urger , J. & G ochfeld . M. 1991. The Common Tern: its breeding biology and social behaviour. Pp. xvii + 413,121 figs incl. numerous black-and-white photographs, 59 text tables, 4 appendix tables. New York: Columbia University Press
D avis . L.S. & D arby , J.T. (eds) 1990. Penguin Biology
D ickinson , E.C., K ennedy , R.S. & P arkes , K.C. 1991. The Birds of the Philippines: an annotated check-list
D wenger .R. 1991. DasRebhuhn Perrfixperdix. 2nd edition
F inlayson , C. 1992. Birds of the Strait of Gibraltar
G osler , A. (ed.) 1991. The Hamlyn Photographic Guide to Birds of the World
G retton , A. 1991. The Ecology and Conservation of the Slender-billed Curlew
S mith , S.M. I 991. The Black-capped Chickadee: behavioural ecology and natural history. Pp. xi, 362. many figures and tables. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. $51.15 (hbk). ISBN 0–8014-2 382-1. $29.75 (pbk) ISBN 0–8014-9793-0.
S tap . D. 1991. A Parrot Without a Name: The search for the last unknown birds on earth.
T rodd , P., & K ramer D. 1991. The Birds of Bedfordshire
V aughan . R. 1992. In Search of Arctic Birds. Pp. xIII, 431, many monochrome photographs and drawings. London     

Reviews

Book reviewed in this article: Brooke, M., & T. Birkhead, eds. (1991): The Cambridge encyclopedia of ornithology (Die Cambridge-Enzyklopädie der Ornithologie). Berthold , P. (1991): Orientation in birds (Vogel-Orientierung). Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel, 331 pp. Power, D. M., ed. (1989): Current ornithology, Vol. 6 (Fortschritte der Ornithologie, Bd. 6). Plenum Press, New York. Johnsgard , P. A. (1991): Bustards, hemipodes, and sandgrouse. Leatherwood , St., & R. R. Reeves, eds. (1990): The bottlenose dolphin (Der Tümmler). Savage , C. (1991): Wölfe. Verhalten und Lebensweise in faszinierenden Bildern (Wolves).     

BOOK REVIEWS

Abstract. Barota, J. 1991. Tropical Forests: Some African and Asian Case Studies of Composition and Structure. xii + 274 pp. Elsevier Science Publishing, New York. ISBN 0-444-98768-1. Price: USD 120.-.     

Books

Book reviewed in this article:
B eehler , B.M. 1991. A Naturalist in New Guinea
B erthold , P. 1990. Vogelzug: eine kurze. aktuelle Gesamtübersicht
B ezzel , E. & P rinzinger , R. 1990. Ornithologie
B ub , H. 1991. Bird Trapping and Bird Banding
B urger , J. (ed.). 1988
B urke , T., D olf , G., J effreys , A.J. & W olff , R. (eds) 1991. DNA Fingerprinting: approaches and applications
C roxall , J.P. (ed.). 1991. Seabird Status and Conservation: a supplement
E rard , C. 1990. Ecologie et Comportement de Gobe-mouches
G alati , R. 1991. Golden-crowned Kinglets, Treetop Nesters of the North Woods
J ohnsgard , P.A. 1988. North American Owls: biology and natural history
J ohnsgard , P.A. 1991. Bustards. Hemipodes, and Sandgrouse: birds of dry places
K uroda , N. 1990. The Jungle Crows of Tokyo
L ekagul , B. & R ound , P.D. 1991. Birds of Thailand
L loyd , C. T asker , M.L. & P artridge , K. 1991. The Status of Seabirds in Britain and Ireland
L örhl , H. 1991. Die Haubenmeise
L oye , J. E. & Z uk , M. (eds) 1991. Bird-Parasite Interactions: ecology, evolution and behaviour
M itchell , A. 1989. The Fragile South Pacific: an ecological odyssey
O lney , P.J.S. & E llis , P. (eds) 1990. International Zoo Yearbook 1989, Vol. 29
O wen , M. & B lack , J.M. 1990. Waterfowl Ecology
R oberts , T.J. 1991. The Birds of Pakistan. Vol. 1; Regional studies and non-passeriformes
S chonn S., S cherzinger W., E xo K-L. & I lle R. 1991. Der Steinkauz. Athene noctua. Pp. 235, 139 monochrome photographs, 28 tables & 2 colour plates
S ibley , C.C. & A hlquist , J.E. 1990. Phylogeny and Classification of Birds: a study in molecular evolution
S kutch , A.F. 1991. Life of the Pigeon
S troud , D. & G lue , D. 1991. Britain's Birds in 1989–90: The conservation and monitoring review
Y eatman -B ekthelot , D. 1991. Atlas des Oiseaux de France en Hiver.     

Dr. manfred Ahnert 65 Jahre

Fendrik, I.; Bors, J.: STRAHLENSCHÄDEN AN PFLANZEN. Handbuch der Pflanzenkrankheiten — Band I — Die nichtparasitären Krankheiten. 206 S., 74 Abb., davon 8 farbige. Berlin, Hamburg, Verlag Paul Parey 1991, 128, — DM

Fröhlich, G.: PHYTOPATHOLOGIE UND PFLANZENSCHUTZ. Wörterbuch der Biologie. 382 S., 104 Abb., Jena, Gustav Fischer Verlag, 1991, DM 44,80

Shew, H.D., Lucas, G.B. (Eds.): COMPENDIUM OF TOBACCO DISEASES. 68 S., 38 schw./w. Fotos, 145 farbige Fotos. St. Paul, Minn. APS Press, 1991, 31.‐$

Ohnesorge, B.: TIERE ALS PFLANZENSCHÄDLINGE. 2., neubearb. u. erw. Aufl., 336 S., 83 Abb., Stuttgart, New York, Georg Thieme Verlag, 1991, 44,‐DM     

Index to Volume 22 1985

The Oceans: A Book of Questions and Answers. Don Groves. New York: Wiley, 1989. 203 pp. $12.95 (paper). Reviewed by Rosanne Fortner.

How to Be an Ocean Scientist in Your Own Home. Seymour Simon. New York: J. B. Lippincott, 1988. 136 pp. $12.95. Reviewed by Rosanne Fortner.

The Tradition of Science: Landmarks of Western Science in the Collection of the Library of Congress. Leonard C. Bruno. Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress, 1987. 351 pp. $30 (paper). Reviewed by Clarence J. Murphy.

The Clockwork Sparrow: Time, Clocks, and Calendars in Biological Organisms. Sue Binkley. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall, 1990. 262 pp. $24.95. Reviewed by Robert W. Boenig.

Multiple Exposures: Chronicles of the Radiation Age. Catherine Caulfield. New York: Harper &; Row, 1989. 228 pp. $19.95. Reviewed by Waring B. Hill.

Unbounding the Future: The Nanotechnology Revolution. K. Eric Drexler and Chris Peterson with Gayle Pergamit. New York: Morrow, 1991. 304 pp. $23. Reviewed by Joseph D. Exline.     

NEW SPECIES OF SMEAGOL FROM AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND, WITH A DISCUSSION OF THEAFFINITIES OF THE GENUS (GASTROPODA: PULMONATA)

Five species of the marine pulmonate genus Smeagol (family Smeagolidae)are described from upper littoral shingle habitats from southeastern Australia and New Zealand. The systematic position ofthe family is discussed. (Received 24 June 1991; accepted 2 October 1991)     

REDESCRIPTION OF EMBLETONIA GRACILE RISBEC, 1928 (NUDIBRANCHIA: EMBLETONIIDAE): RELOCATION TO SUBORDER DENDRONOTACEA WITH TAXONOMIC AND PHYLOGENETIC IMPLICATIONS

The nudibranch mollusc Embletonia gracile Risbec, 1928 is redescribedon the basis of ten specimens from the southern Pacific Ocean(New Zealand, Fiji, Australia, Papua New Guinea). We concludethat Embletoniella paucipapillata (Baba & Hamatani, 1963)is a junior synonym. Even the most detailed previous studieswere compromised by the availability only of juvenile animals< 8 mm long; adults are now known to attain 23 mm crawlinglength. Our material permitted a reassessment both of ontogeneticand intraspecific variation within this enigmatic nudibranch.Reasons that substantiate the referral of the Embletoniidaeto the suborder Dendronotacea are presented. (Received 20 February 1991; accepted 10 May 1991)     

Takarazuka

Turning Leaves Chalfen, Richard M., Turning Leaves: The Photograph Collections of Two Japanese American Families. Albuquerque, N.M.: University of New Mexico Press, 1991, 269 pp., illus., $39.95 hardbound, $19.95 paper.     

Notes

Abstract

Marvin Cetron and Owen Davies: American Renaissance: Our Life at the Turn of the Twenty-First Century. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1989. 400 pages. $19.95 hardback.

Richard Grenier: Capturing the Culture: Film, Art, and Politics. Washington, D.C.: Ethics and Public Policy Center, 1991. 392 pages. $24.95 hardback.

Thomas P. Hughes: American Genesis: A Century of Innovation and Technological Enthusiasm. New York: Viking Penguin, 1990. 529 pages. $10.95 paperback.

Anson Rabinbach: The Human Motor: Energy, Fatigue, and the Origins of Modernity. New York: Basic Books, 1990. 402 pages. $34.95 hardback.

Jeremy Rifkin: Time Wars.: New York: Touchstone Books, Simon &; Schuster, 1989. 302 pp. $9.95 paperback.     

PARTHENOGENESIS, SEX AND CHROMOSOMES IN POTAMOPYRGUS

Widely different sex ratios in certain New Zealand populationsof the hydrobiid gastropod Potamopyrgus antipodarum (Gray) weregenerally found to vary little though in one stream a high-male/low-maleboundary moved steadily upstream over 20 years. Laboratory breeding and chromosome studies indicated that NewZealand high-male populations are diploid with 2n = 34 and reproducesexually, while New Zealand low-male populations and all thosefrom Europe and Australia have 2n = 52 or 46 and reproductionis largely parthenogenetic. (Received 15 July 1991; accepted 30 August 1991)     

Stimulating the Need to Know…

Nations, James D. Tropical Rainforest: Endangered Environment . New York: Franklin Watts, 1988. 143 pp. $12.90 hardcover. Reviewed by Jorge Zamacona Evenes.

Sharp, D.W.A., ed. The Penguin Dictionary of Chemistry , 2d ed. New York: Penguin, 1990. 434 pp. $9.95 paperback. Reviewed by Wayne Hanley.

Hale, W.G., and J.P. Margham. The HarperCollins Dictionary of Biology. New York: Harper Collins, 1991. 569 pp. $12.95 paperback; $25.00 hardcover. Reviewed by Wayne Hanley.

Sparks, John, and Tony Soper. Penguins. New York: Fact On File, 1987. 246 pp. $1995 hardcover. Reviewed by Wayne Hanley.

Mountfort, Guy. Rare Birds of the World . A Collins/ICBP Handbook. New York: Penguin (The Stephen Greene Press), 1988. 256 pp. $2995 hardcover. Reviewed by John W. McLure.

Woodcock, Martin. Collins Handguide to the Birds of the Indian Subcontinent . New York: Penguin (The Stephen Greene Press), 1989. 176 pp. $11.95 paperback. Reviewed by James Scheib.

Harris, Michael. The Collins Field Guide to the Birds of Galapagos . New York: Penguin (The Stephen Greene Press), 1989. 160 pp. $1995 hardcover. Reviewed by Jim Fuller.

Brudenell-Bruce, P. G. C. The Collins Guide to the Birds of New Providence and the Babama Islands. New York: Penguin (The Stephen Greene Press), 1989. 142 pp. $14.95 paperback. Reviewed by Carol A. Thompson.     

Ancestor guardian figures and ancestral baskets among the bakuta

Religion and Custom in a Muslim Society: The Berti of Sudan. Ladislav Holy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991. x + 243 pp.

The Bedovin of Cyrenaica: Studies in Personal and Corporate Power. Emrys L. Peters (edited by Jack Goody and Emmanuel Marx). Cambridge Studies in Social and Cultural Anthropology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990. 310 pp.

Kinship, Honour and Solidarity: Cousin Marriage in the Middle East. Ladislav Holy. Manchester and New York: Manchester University Press, 1989. 143 pp.

Marriage among Muslims: Preference and Choice in Northern Pakistan. Hastings Donnan. Delhi and Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1988. 231 pp.

Gender in Crisis: Women and the Palestinian Resistance Movement Julie M. Peteet. New York: Columbia University Press, 1991. 245 pp.

Tahitians: Mind and Experience in the Society Islands. Robert I Levy. Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 1991 /1975/. 547 pp.

Tikopia Songs: Poetic and Musical Art of a Polynesian People of the Solomon Islands. Raymond Firth (with Mervyn McLean). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991. xvii + 307 pp.

Migration from Kalimantan to Madagascar. Otto Chr. Dahl. Oslo: Norwegian University Press/ The Institute for Comparative Research in Human Culture, 1991. 143 pp.

Land Filled With Flies: A Political Economy of the Kalahari. Edwin N. Wilmsen. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press, 1989. xviii + 402 pp.

The Creative Communion. African Folk Models of Fertility and the Regeneration of Life, edited by Anita Jacobson‐Widdinc and Walter van Beek. Uppsala Studies in Cultural Anthropology, 15. Uppsala, 1990. 351 pp.

When the Grass is Gone: Development Interventions in African Arid Lands, edited by P. T. W. Baxter. Seminar Proceedings No. 25. Uppsala: The Scandinavian Institute of African Studies, 1991. 214 pp.

Women at a Loss: Changes in Maasai Pastoralism and their Effects on Gender Relations. AUD Talle. Stockholm Studies in Social Anthropology, 19. Stockholm: Department of Social Anthropology, Stockholm University, 1988.

The Poison in the Gift Ritual, Prestation and the Dominant Caste in a North Indian Village. Gloria Goodwin Raheja. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1988. 286 pp.

The Assembly of Listeners. Jains in Society, edited by Michael Carrithers and Caroline Humphrey. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991. xiii + 328 pp.

Tibetan Buddhist Nuns. History, Cultural Norms and Social Reality. Hanna Havnevik. Oslo: Norwegian University Press. 1991. 251 pp.

The Taste of Blood: Spirit Possession in Brazilian Candomblé. Jim Wafer. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1991. 219 pp.

Völkerkunde im Nationalsozialismus: A spekte der An‐passung, Affinität und Behauptung einer wissenschaft‐lichen Disziplin. Hans Fischer. Hamburger Bei‐träge zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte, Bd. 7. Berlin &; Hamburg: Dietrich Reimer Verlag, 1990. 312 pp. List of ethnologists in Germany from 1933 (Austria from 1938) to 1945.

Buskar och fåglar: en socialantropologisk studie av gorale, brrgsfolket i södra Polen. Melcher Ekstro‐mer. Lund Monographs in Social Anthropology 1. Lund: Lund University Press, 1991.

Die Völker Nordsibiriens unter sowjetischer Herrschaft. Adelheid Weiser. Kulturanthropologische Studien Bd. 16. Hohenschäfdarn bei München: Klaus Renner Verlag, 1989. 325 pp.

Anthropology and the Riddle of the Sphinx: Paradoxes of Change in the Life Course, edited by Paul Spencer. ASA Monographs 28. London: Routledge, 1990. xii + 222 pp.     

RFLP analysis of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase ACC2 and ACC4 genes from Polish cultivars of tomato

An important trait of tomato is the rate of fruit ripening, strongly dependent on ethylene production. The ripening-related ethylene synthesis in tomato is controlled mainly by 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase LE-ACS2 and LE-ACS4 isoenzymes (Rottmann et al., 1991, J. Mol. Biol. 222: 937; Lincoln et al., 1993, J. Biol. Chem. 268: 19422; Barry et al., 2000, Plant Physiol. 123: 979). In spite of numerous reports on the LE-ACS2 and LE-ACS4 gene expression, only ones considered the genomic organisation each of these genes (Rottmann et al., 1991; Lincoln et al., 1993) reported one copy of each of these genes in tomato cv VF36. In this article we suggest that the genomic organisation of LE-ACS2 and LE-ACSS4 genes may depend on tomato cultivars and may differ from that described by the above authors. The results of Southern analyses of genomic DNAs from 17-day old seedlings (cultivars Jaga, Halicz, Betalux, New Yorker) imply that the genomic organisation of LE-ACS2 and LE-ACS4 genes in Polish cultivars differs from that reported for cv VF36.     

上海和纽约城市不透水面时空变化及其对生态质量影响的对比

城市空间的扩展使得大量的不透水面取代了以植被为主的自然地表景观,尤其是在规模较大的城市,其高比例的不透水面很大程度上影响了城市生态质量.本研究以中、美2个人口规模最大的城市——上海和纽约为研究区,基于上海1989、2002和2015年和纽约近同期的1991、2001和2015年的Landsat影像,利用归一化不透水面指数(NDISI)提取研究区各年份的不透水面信息,通过遥感生态指数(RSEI)评价城市不透水面大幅增长导致的城市生态质量变化,并借助景观指数分析上海和纽约两种不透水面空间分布格局对城市生态质量的影响.结果表明: 20世纪90年代初到2015年,上海和纽约的城市不透水面增长速率和空间变化模式存在显著差异.研究期间,上海不透水面的总增加面积是纽约的17.4倍,年均增长速率是纽约的62.2倍.上海的城市扩张方式主要表现为由城市中心向周边乡村扩展,而纽约的城市无明显扩张,不透水面以填充的方式在城市内部增加.2种不同的不透水面变化模式和空间分布格局对城市生态质量产生了不同影响.上海的RSEI均值从1989年的0.717下降到2015年的0.453,总体降幅达 36.8%;而1991和2015年纽约的RSEI分别为0.552和0.514,下降6.9%,其幅度远小于上海.在不透水面斑块面积大、斑块内部高度连通和聚集的区域,城市生态质量较差.     

Book reviews

Andrew Hacker, TWO NATIONS: BLACK AND WHITE, SEPARATE, HOSTILE, UNEQUAL, New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1992, vii + 257 pp., $24.95.

Catherine Silk and John Silk, RACISM AND ANTI‐RACISM IN AMERICAN POPULAR CULTURE, Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1990, x + 186 pp., £27.50.

Therese Daniels and Jane Gerson (eds), THE COLOUR BLACK, BLACK IMAGES IN BRITISH TELEVISION, London: BFI Publishing, 1989, 160 pp., £4.95 (paper).

Jim Pines and Paul Willemen (eds), QUESTIONS OF THIRD CINEMA, London: BFI Publishing, 1989, x + 246 pp., £7.95 (paper).

David R. Roediger, THE WAGES OF WHITENESS: RACE AND THE MAKING OF THE AMERICAN WORKING CLASS, London: Verso, 1991, 191 pp., £12.95 (paper).

William Cohen, AT FREEDOM'S EDGE: BLACK MOBILITY AND THE SOUTHERN WHITE QUEST FOR RACIAL CONTROL, 1861–1915, Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1991, 340 pp., $42.50.

Robert L. Cooper, LANGUAGE PLANNING AND SOCIAL CHANGE, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990, 216 pp., £27.50, £9.95 (paper).

Emmanual Sivan and Menachem Friedman (eds), RELIGIOUS RADICALISM AND POLITICS IN THE MIDDLE EAST, Albany: State University of New York Press, 1990, 244 pp., n.p.

Eliezer Ben‐Rafael and Stephen Sharot, ETHNICITY, RELIGION, AND CLASS IN ISRAELI SOCIETY, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991, 287 pp., £32.50.     

Making culture,and its costs

Richard G. Fox (ed.), NATIONALIST IDEOLOGIES AND THE PRODUCTION OF NATIONAL CULTURES, Washington, DC: American Anthropological Association, 1990, 177 pp., including chapter references, $17.00 (non‐members), $13.50 (members), paper.

Walter Zenner, MINORITIES IN THE MIDDLE: A CROSS‐CULTURAL ANALYSIS, Albany: State University of New York Press, 1991, xv + 224 pp., including bibliographic notes and index, $16.95, paper.