磁场对质粒pBR322DNA的影响

讨论了经５００ｍＴ、９００ｍＴ、１２００ｍＴ、１５００ｍＴ恒磁场作用后的质粒ｐＢＲ３２２ＤＮＡ与Ⅱ型限制性内切酶ＥｃｏＲⅠ、ＨｉｎｄⅢ、ＢａｍＨⅠＳａｌⅠ、ＰｓｔⅠ、ＰｕｖⅡ、ＴａｑⅠ、ＢｇｌⅠ、ＲｓａⅠ、ＨｉｎｆⅠ、ＡＰａⅠ、ＫｐｎⅠ等的单酶解、双酶解及多酶解反应。从琼脂糖电泳分离酶解片段的结果,发现经磁场作用过的ｐＢＲ３２２ＤＮＡ在３３６１—６３１ｂｐ的区段内产生了一个被ＨｉｎｆⅠ识别的新序列ＧＡＮＴＣ,证明了磁场作用能引起ＤＮＡ点突变。     

原子力显微镜研究不同温度下质粒DNA结构变化

采用原子力显微镜（ＡＦＭ）在无水乙醇中成象了ｐＢＲ３２２质粒ＤＮＡ。在不同温度范围加热云母表面的ＤＮＡ溶液,并在相应温度下干燥使ＤＮＡ充分展开地固定在云母基底上。ＡＦＭ观察结果表明：在３０～４０℃,质粒ＤＮＡ主要是超螺旋和环状分子;在４０～５０℃,环状分子开环形成线形分子;　在７０～８０℃,这些线形分子全部变性,解链形成无规线团。我们通过测定ｐＢＲ３２２质粒ＤＮＡ的熔融曲线,发现了两个突变点,对应于ＡＦＭ所观察到的质粒ＤＮＡ在加热过程中由环状变成线形、双螺旋解开成单链的两个结构变化过程。这是首次通过ＡＦＭ直接观察到质粒ＤＮＡ在不同温度下的结构变化。     

较长单链DNA在质粒DNA中定位插入

一般重组DNA的方法都是用T_4-DNA连接酶把限制性内切酶处理过的外源DNA片段和载体DNA,连接到一起,但这种方法必须要有合适的内切酶切点,因而使得这种方法的灵活应用受到一的定限制。     

细菌启动子识别及应用研究进展

细菌启动子是细菌中基因表达的必需调控元件,决定了细菌基因表达的强度和时机。通过启动子的插入或缺失,可以改变细菌基因的表达,实现对菌体生长发育以及代谢调控的研究。启动子也是构建各种表达系统、实现异源基因表达的基础。启动子的识别和应用研究,对于实现异源基因的可控表达、有效获得目的产物、促进生物催化和代谢工程研究具有重要的意义。以下对细菌启动子进行了简单的介绍,总结了细菌启动子的识别方法,并对细菌启动子的研究进展和具体应用进行了概述。     

谷氨酸棒状杆菌质粒pXZ 10145的限制酶图谱和嵌合质粒的组建

从谷氨酸棒状杆菌中已经分离到质粒pxzl0145,该质粒带有氯霉素抗性。通过电子显微镜和BamH I酵切后在1％琼脂糖凝胶电泳上测定pXZl0145质粒的大小为5．3kb。用Bam—HI、PstI、EcoRI、saII等限制酶进行酶切,并用BamH I+sa1 I、BamH I+Pst I、Pst I+sal I、EcoR I+Pst I、EcOR I+BamH I等双重酶切,得到pxzlol45限制性内切酶的图谱。证明BamH I和Pst I为单一酶切点。将pxzl0 145与pBR322利用BamH I切点连接得到一嵌台质粒pxz34。这一质粒能在大肠杆菌中复制,在大肠杆菌中表现有氨苄青霉素和氯霉素的抗性,但是抗氯霉素的能力大大降低,只抗2Y／ml。     

γ射线诱导DNA链断裂的机制研究

通过凝胶电泳扫描法测试了γ射线辐射下ｐＢＲ３２２超螺旋ＤＮＡ的单链断裂（ＳＳＢ）和双链断裂（ＤＳＢ）与辐射剂量的关系,验证了ＳＳＢ的产生方式,发现ＤＳＢ的形成与ＤＮＡ溶液中自由基清除效能σ有关：一方面,αＤＳＢ与βＤＳＢ的比随σ的增大而非线性增大;另一方面,σ＜１０８ｓ－１时,αＤＳＢ可由单自由基传递机制产生,而σ＞２×１０８ｓ－１时,αＤＳＢ则主要通过ＬＭＤＳ机制形成。另外,发现组成βＤＳＢ的两互补链上ＳＳＢ的距离ａ几乎不受自由基清除效能的影响。     

原核启动子识别研究进展

原核启动子识别是研究原核基因转录调控的重要环节。该文以大肠杆菌为例,首先介绍原核启动子的基本特征,再对已有的各种识别方法进行具体分析,最后探讨可能的改进方向。     

pBR322DNA与8-甲氧补骨脂素光化学反应部位的碱基顺序特异性

用限制性核酸内切酶酶切试验研究了质粒pBR322 DNA经8-MOP及近紫外线作用后损伤部位的碱基顺序特异性。实验研究发现PUVA损伤的DNA在HindⅢ及RsaⅠ识别位置上酶切反应受到严重抑制,而在SphⅠ,EcoRⅠ,PvuⅡ,BamHI,PstⅠ识到位置上抑制轻微。通过对不同识别位置上碱基顺序及其光化学反应敏感性的分析,推断出DNA的TpA顺序可能是最易接受8-MOP光化学反应的部位。     

DNA序列的直接查检法

受到最近有关解析DNA序列各种方法报导的启发,这里提出一种极为简单的方法,可直接检查要找的序列。质粒PBR322序列含有4,361个核苷酸。用它作为检测系统,稍加练习,就有可能在2分钟内对任何一条选定了的、含有约100个核苷酸的序列进行检查。 准备四种不同颜色的圆珠笔,按下法标记要鉴别的检测序列(或成组序列)。每遇     

Synthesis,characterization and DNA binding studies of platinum(II) complexes with benzimidazole derivative ligands

The aim of this study was to synthesize and evaluate plasmid DNA interaction of new platinum(II) complexes with some 2-substituted benzimidazole derivatives as carrier ligands which may have potent anticancer activity and low toxicity. Twelve benzimidazole derivatives carrying indole, 2-/or 3-/or 4-methoxyphenyl, 4-methylphenyl, 3,4-dimethoxyphenyl, 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl, 4-methoxybenzyl, 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl, 3,4,5-trimethoxystyryl, 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzylthio or dimethylamino ethyl groups in their position 2 and twelve platinum(II) complexes with these carrier ligands were synthesized. The chemical structure of the platinum complexes have been characterized by their elemental analysis and FIR, ¹H NMR and mass spectra and their ¹H NMR and FIR spectra were interpreted by comparison with those of the ligands. The interaction of all the ligands and their complexes with plasmid DNA and their restriction endonuclease reactions by BamHI and HindIII enzymes were studied by agarose gel electrophoresis. It was determined that complex 1 [dichloro-di(2-(1H-indole-3-yl)benzimidazole)platinum(II)·2H₂O] has stronger interaction than carboplatin and complex 10 [dichloro-di(2-(3,4,5-trimethoxystyryl)benzimidazole)platinum(II)·2H₂O] has stronger interaction than both carboplatin and cisplatin with plasmid DNA.     

Prolonged incubation in calcium chloride improves the competence of Escherichia coli cells.

Escherichia coli cells are 4--6 times more transformable and 20--30 times more competent after 24 h incubation in cold calcium chloride than immediately after calcium chloride treatment. With 24-h-old competent cells we obtained routinely 2 . 10(7) transformants per microgram of pBR322 DNA, and transformed over 20% of viable cells.     

Sterile host yeasts (SHY): a eukaryotic system of biological containment for recombinant DNA experiments.

A system of biological containment for recombinant DNA experiments in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's/Baker's yeast) is described. The principle of containment is sterility: the haploid host strains all contain a mating-type-non-specific sterile mutation. The hosts also contain four auxotrophic mutations suitable for selection for the various kinds of vectors used. All vectors are derivatives of pBR322 which can be selected and maintained in both yeast and Escherichia coli. The system has recently been certified at the HV2 level by the National Institutes of Health.     

Atomic force microscopic study on topological structures of pBR322 DNA

Plasmid pBR322 DNA (0.5mg/mL) isolated from Escherichia coli HB101 was suspended in Tris-HCl-EDTA (1 mol/L - 0.1 mol/L, pH8.5); then a drop of the above solution was deposited on freshly cleaved mica substrate. After adsorption for about 1 min, the sample was stained with phosphotungstic acid. The residua] solution was removed with a piece of filter paper. Afterwards the sample was imaged with a home-made atomic force microscope (AFM) in air. The AFM images of pBR322 DNA with a molecular resolution have been obtained. These images show that pBR322 DNA exists in several different topological structures: (i) relaxed circular DNA with a different diameter; (ii) supercondensed DNA with different particle sizes; (iii) dimeric catenane connected by one relaxed circular molecule and another dose-compacted molecule which might be either supercoiled or intramolecular knotted form; (iv) oligomeric catenane with multiple irregular molecules in which DNA is interlocked into a complex oligomer; (v) possibly-existing     

Restriction map, partial cloning and localization of 9S and 12S kinetoplast RNA genes on the maxicircle component of the kinetoplast DNA of Leishmania tarentolae.

We have constructed a restriction map of the maxicircle component of the kinetoplast DNA of Leishmania tarentolae for the enzymes EcoRI, Bam HI, HaeIII, HpaII, SalI, BglII and HindIII. The 9 and 12S kinetoplast RNAs were localized on this map. Two fragments of this maxicircle molecule were cloned in the bacterial plasmid, pBR322, including a 4.4 . 10(6) dalton EcoRI/BamHI fragment which contains the 9 and 12S RNA genes.     

DNA序列的统计信息比较分析

我们从Genbank中选取灵长类、啮齿类、无脊椎类及细菌类的一部分DNA序列作了统计分析．为克服信息度量D_n的某些不足,引入了DI_1、DI_0和S三种信息统计量,得到了各大类及各类间差异的有关信息．     

DNA binding proteins of rat thigh muscle: Purification and characterization of an endonuclease

Two major DNA binding proteins of molecular weights 34,000 and 38,000 have been identified in the 30,000 g supernatant (S-30) fraction of rat thigh muscle extracts. The presence of 38 KD DNA binding protein in the muscle S-30 could be demonstrated only if Triton X-100 treated extracts were used for Afinity chromatography suggesting that this protein may be a membrane associated DNA binding protein. The 38 KD DNA binding protein differed from the 34 KD DNA binding protein also in its chromatographic behaviour in DE-52 columns in which the 38 KD protein was retained, while the 34 KD protein came out in the flow-through in an electrophoretically pure form. The 34 KD DNA binding protein can also be purified by precipitation with MgCl₂. Incubation of 0 15 M NaCl eluates (containing the 38 KD and/or 34 KD DNA binding protein) in the presence of 100 mM Mg²⁺ resulted in the specific precipitation of the 34 KD protein. Prolonged incubation (30 days) of the 0.15 M NaCl eluates containing the two DNA binding proteins at 4°C led to the preferential degradation of the 34 KD DNA binding protein. Nitrocellulose filter binding assays indicated selective binding of purified 34 KD protein to ss DNA. Purified 34 KD DNA binding protein cleaved pBR 322 supercoiled DNA, and electrophoresis of the cleavage products in agarose gels revealed a major DNA band corresponding to the circular form of DNA.