874. SALVIA MACROPHYLLA

Salvia macrophylla Benth. from the Andes of South America is described and illustrated. Information is provided about the life of the almost forgotten collector Andrew Mathews, who discovered the plant in 1833. It is placed within both traditional and newer infrageneric classifications of American Salvia and a key to distinguish it from similar species is provided. Current concepts of the genus Salvia are briefly discussed. S. macrophylla is commonly grown in the northern hemisphere and cultivation methods, horticultural varieties and hybrids with S. sagittata are described.     

783. SALVIA ATROCYANEA

Salvia atrocyanea Epl. (Lamiaceae) is described and illustrated. Its discovery, natural habitat and introduction are discussed. Suggestions for its cultivation and propagation are provided.     

785. SALVIA DOMBEYI

Salvia dombeyi Epl. is described and illustrated. Biographical information is provided about the adventurous life of Joseph Dombey after which this species is named. It is remarkable for having the largest corolla of any Salvia and is mysterious for being unknown in the wild. It has uses in traditional medicine as well as potential in the treatment of a variety of ailments. Unverifiable myths associate it with religious uses in areas formerly ruled by the Incas.     

782. SALVIA INVOLUCRATA

Salvia involucrata Cav., the Rose‐leaf sage, is a species endemic to east Mexico which has been in cultivation since at least the late 18th century. It is little‐known as a native species but is widely cultivated and various cultivars and cultivated hybrids are also known. Salvia puberula Fern. is treated as belonging to S. involucrata but has been subject to different interpretations over the years.     

728. SALVIA OXYPHORA

The Bolivian endemic Salvia oxyphora Briq. is described and illustrated; the circumstances of its discovery, possible reasons for its reduced population in the wild and suggestions for its cultivation are given. The molecular status of Salvia and the probable break‐up of the genus as traditionally circumscribed are discussed.     

938. SALVIA RAYMONDII SUBSP. MAIRANAE

The habitat and discovery of Salvia raymondii is described and the distinctions between the type subspecies and subsp. mairanae are discussed. Subsp. mairanae is illustrated and notes on its cultivation are provided.     

三种鼠尾草注射液对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

本文研究了云南产鼠尾草属药物滇丹参、甘西鼠尾、褐毛甘西鼠尾对急性心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用 ,并与丹参进行对比其疗效的相似性。结扎大鼠冠脉左前降支 ,30分钟后剪断结扎线造成心肌缺血再灌注模型 ,经股静脉给药。测定再灌注 6 0分钟后血清中CK、LDH、SOD、GSH -Px和MDA含量。结果滇丹参、甘西鼠尾、褐毛甘西鼠尾可以显著降低心肌缺血再灌注后血清CK、LDH和MDA含量 ,升高血清SOD和GSH -Px活力 (P <0 0 1,P <0 0 5 ) ,与丹参有相似的抗心肌缺血再灌注损伤作用。     

丹参的生物技术

本文综述了丹参的生物技术,包括离体培养克隆增殖丹参试管苗、人工诱导丹参多倍体、利用丹参细胞培养生产活性成分以及农杆菌转化丹参获得再生植物、利用转化的组织和器官培养生产丹参中的活性成分等.     

甘西鼠尾草化学成分的研究

从甘西鼠尾草（Ｓａｌｖｉａ ｐｒｚｅｗａｌｓｉｉ Ｍａｘｉｍ．）根的脂溶性部分分得１４个化合物,通过ＵＶ,ＩＲ,ＭＳ,＾１Ｈ ＮＭＲ及＾１３Ｃ ＮＭＲ等实验分别确定为丹参酮ⅡＡ（１）,丹参酮Ⅰ（２）,丹参酸甲酯（３）,丹参醛（４）,去甲丹参酮（５）,隐丹参酮（６）,β－谷甾醇（７）,正二十七烷（８）,二氢丹参酮（９）,丹参酮ⅡＢ（１０）,羟基丹参酮（１１）,紫丹参乙素（１２）,丹参新醌甲（１３）,丹参新醌乙（１４）。其中丹参醛为首次从该植物中分得。     

新疆鼠尾草的化学成分研究

从新疆鼠尾草（Salvia deserta Schang0根中分离得到8个单体成分,根据化学和光谱方法鉴定为：正三十三烷（Tritriacontane)[Ⅰ]、6,7－去氢罗列酮（6,7－SDehydroroyleanone)[Ⅱ],7,β-羟基罗列酮（Taxochinon）[Ⅲ]、二十六烷酸（Hexaconsanoic acid）[Ⅳ]、3－乙酰剂墩果酸（3－Acetoxy-oleanolic acid)[Ⅴ]、β－谷甾醇（β-Sitosterol)[Ⅵ]、熊果酸（Ursolic acid)[Ⅶ],D-甘露醇（Mannitolum）[Ⅷ]。     

我国鼠尾草属花粉形态研究

鼠尾草属由于属中的丹参是优良的药用植物,因而引起人们的重视,进行了各方面的研究。至于鼠尾草属的花粉形态,G·埃特曼曾研究过二种鼠尾草花粉(Salvia pratensis和Salvia splenders),提及花粉多数为6沟,也有少数花粉具7-12沟(G.Erdtman 1969),中国植物花粉形态一书中也提到Salvia brevilabra花粉具六沟,外壁为网状纹饰(中国科学院植物研究所,1960年)。     

红根草中的新二萜——红根草酮内酯和新红根草酮

由红根草(Salvia prionitis Hance)中分得三个abietane类二萜成分:红根草酮内酯(prioketolactone,1)、新红根草酮(neoprionitone,2)和二氢异丹参酮1(dihydroisotanshinone1,3)。经波谱分析确定了它们的化学结构。其中,1,2为新化合物,1是鼠尾草植物中首次发现的具有七元环内酯结构的二萜醌类化合物,3为首次从红根草中发现。     

Biochemical Characterization of Novel Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase from Spirulina CPCC-695

The Protein Journal - Phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) catalyzes the deamination of phenylalanine to cinnamic acid and ammonia. It plays a crucial role in the formation of secondary metabolites...     

Effects of urea and o-phenanthroline on F-695 emission in chloroplasts

To clarify the nature of the chlorophyll species which fluorescesat about 695 nm in vivo (F-695), effects of the addition ofurea and related compounds and of urea plus o-phenanthrolineon the emission spectra of spinach chloroplast fragments, at77°K, were examined. F-695 emission was partially decreased by the presence of alow concentration (0.1 M) of urea, thiourea, guanidine hydrochloride,methylguanidine hydrochloride, acetamide, N-methylurea, or dimethylurea. The concurrent addition of o-phenanthroline with the reagents(0.1–1 M) caused a marked increase in F-695 emission anda decrease in F-685 emission. Methyl-substituted ureas and acetamide,however, were less effective. The effect was largely dependenton the pH of the sample. These two effects, the decrease and increase in F-695 emission,were reversible and were inhibited by the presence of ethanol. The phenomena are probably due to specific interactions betweenadded reagents and the component(s) in chloroplasts which havean intimate connection with a postulated energy trap; an invivo species of chlorophyll responsible for the fluorescenceemission near 695 nm. (Received August 17, 1971; )