Wnt5a、Ror2在骨肉瘤中的表达及临床意义

目的:探讨骨肉瘤组织中Wnt5a、Ror2表达。方法:免疫组织化学法检测Wnt5a、Ror2在实验组55例骨肉瘤和对照组15例骨软骨瘤组织标本中的表达。结果:Wnt5a、Ror2在骨肉瘤组的表达均明显高于骨软骨瘤组(Wnt5a:74.55%、20.00%,Ror2:13.33%、70.91%,P0.05)。Wnt5a、Ror2在骨肉瘤出现转移的表达明显高于未转移(Wnt5a:100%、66.67%,Ror2:100%、61.90%,P0.05),在骨肉瘤Enneking分期中,Wnt5aⅠ期11.11%,Ⅱ期84.38%,Ⅲ期100.00%,Ror2Ⅰ期22.22%,Ⅱ期72.73%,Ⅲ期100.00%,Ⅰ期与Ⅱ期间和Ⅰ期与Ⅲ期间差异皆有统计学意义(P0.05),而Ⅱ期与Ⅲ期间差异皆无统计学意义(P0.05),Wnt5a、Ror2两者之间的表达呈正相关分布(骨肉瘤组:r=0.844,P0.01;骨软骨瘤组:r=0.808,P0.01),但在骨肉瘤患者性别、年龄以及骨肉瘤病理分型组中表达无明显差异(P0.05)。结论:Wnt5a、Ror2在骨肉瘤中存在高度表达,可能具有促癌作用,并与其恶性程度和侵袭转移有关,二者协同作用。     

鳜plin2生物信息学分析、组织表达及其在肝脏脂肪蓄积中的作用

为探究鱼类脂滴包被蛋白plin2(Perilipin 2)基因的结构和功能,研究成功地克隆并鉴定出鳜(Sinipercachuatsi)plin2的2个亚型,分别命名为plin2a和plin2b.氨基酸多重比对发现其编码序列与刺鱼(Gasterosteus aculeatus)具有高度的同源性.结构域分析发现鳜plin...     

rab5a基因在肿瘤转移中的作用研究

为研究rab5a基因在肿瘤转移机制中的作用,将该基因稳定转染至低转移肺腺癌细胞系AGZY83-a中,采用Superarray肿瘤转移相关基因微芯片分析rab5a对肿瘤转移相关基因的表达影响,共获得了5个差异表达基因,rab5a基因促进s100a4的表达,同时抑制了nm23a、rac1、cst3、col4a2等基因的表达,并分别在RNA及蛋白水平进行验证,确认rab5a基因影响了肿瘤转移的多个途径,促进了肿瘤细胞转移能力增强。     

Let-7a在哮喘T淋巴细胞失衡中的作用研究

目的:探讨let-7a在哮喘中的表达水平及调节T淋巴细胞亚群失衡的功能作用。方法:收集39例哮喘患者及19例非哮喘对照,Real-time PCR检测let-7a的表达。从哮喘患者外周血单核细胞(Peripheral blood mononuclear cell,PBMC)中分选Th1,Th2和Th17细胞,检测let-7a在T淋巴细胞亚群中的表达。磁珠分选naive T细胞,分别诱导分化成Th1、Th2和Th17细胞,分析let-7a在T淋巴细胞亚群中的表达。Let-7a mimic分别转染Th2和Th17细胞,ELISA检测IL-13和IL-17的表达。结果:与对照组比较,let-7a在哮喘患者肺组织和血清中低表达,并随着哮喘病程进展,let-7a的表达水平也越低。哮喘患者来源的CD4~+T细胞中,let-7a表达明显低于非哮喘对照组。Let-7a在哮喘来源和体外刺激分化的哮喘炎性Th2和Th17细胞中的表达明显下调,而在Th1细胞中的表达没有变化。Let-7a mimic改变了Th2和Th17相关细胞因子IL-13和IL-17的表达。结论:Let-7a在哮喘中低表达,调节哮喘T淋巴细胞亚群失衡,改变了Th2和Th17细胞的功能,是哮喘理想的诊断和治疗靶点。     

Wnt5a与动脉粥样硬化的研究进展

Wnt5a是一种分泌型糖蛋白,参与生物体多种生命活动。研究显示wnt5a在apoE敲除小鼠的主动脉弓内膜处巨噬细胞聚集区域成强阳性,并且Wnt5a在人动脉粥样硬化斑块处高表达,提示Wnt5a在动脉粥样硬化发病过程中的重要作用。Wnt5a通过参与炎症反应、介导脂质转运以及脂质代谢等多个方面影响了动脉粥样硬化(As)的发生和发展。本文就近年有关Wnt5a与As关系研究的相关进展。     

脂质组学分析方法进展及其在癌症研究中的应用

脂质占人体内源性代谢物的一半以上,种类繁多,结构复杂,因而具有多种生物功能,与多种生命活动密切相关。脂质组学是代谢组学分支的新兴学科,它可以通过比较不同生理状态下脂质含量的变化,寻找代谢通路中关键的脂质生物标志物,最终揭示脂质在各种生命活动中的作用机制。随着质谱技术的进步,脂质组学在疾病脂类生物标志物的识别、疾病诊断、药物作用机制的研究等方面已展现出广泛的应用前景。本文主要就脂质组学近几年的分析方法进展及其在癌症中的最新应用进行了综述。     

沉默HDGF基因抑制HepG2细胞的增殖和脂质代谢

目的:探讨肝癌衍生生长因子(HDGF)对HepG2细胞增殖和脂质代谢的影响。方法:用脂质体包裹si RNA的方法沉默HDGF基因,用实时荧光定量PCR法和蛋白质免疫印迹法检测HDGF在mRNA和蛋白水平的变化,检测细胞总甘油三酯、胆固醇含量并用油红O染色,CCK-8检测及琼脂糖凝胶克隆形成,实时荧光定量PCR法检测脂质代谢相关酶的mRNA表达。结果:将靶向HDGF小干扰(si RNA-HDGF)转染到HepG2细胞后,可明显抑制HDGF的mRNA表达(P0.001)和蛋白表达。HDGF蛋白抑制后,细胞增殖在48 h(P0.01)、72 h(P0.001)和96 h(P0.001)均明显降低;细胞内总甘油三酯及胆固醇水平也明显降低(P0.05,P0.01)。此外,油红O染色显示细胞内脂滴有明显的减少。脂质代谢相关酶脂肪酸合成酶(FASN)、羟基-3-甲基戊二酰辅酶A还原酶(HMGCR)、硬脂酰辅酶A去饱和酶(SCD)及ATP-柠檬酸裂解酶(ACLY)的mRNA表达均明显降低(P0.001,P0.001,P0.001,P0.01)。结论:抑制HDGF的表达可明显降低HepG2细胞内脂质代谢水平并抑制其增殖。     

脂质运载蛋白-2在肿瘤进展中的作用

铁元素通过参与氧化损伤、分泌炎性因子、改变信号通路、影响免疫系统等过程,在肿瘤的发生发展中发挥重要的促进作用。靶向铁的治疗是肿瘤治疗的重要策略之一。转铁蛋白参与肿瘤细胞铁的运输,是肿瘤治疗的重要靶标。脂质运载蛋白-2(lipocalin-2,LCN2)是由肿瘤微环境中的肿瘤相关巨噬细胞分泌的胞内可运输铁离子的蛋白质。LCN2在多种类型的肿瘤中表达均明显升高,有望成为相关癌症不良预后的标志物,是近年来研究的热点。LCN2主要通过结合不同的配体与受体参与铁的运输,保护基质金属蛋白酶-9活性,分泌细胞因子等机制,参与肿瘤细胞的增殖与凋亡、肿瘤细胞的侵袭与转移,以及肿瘤血管生成过程而影响肿瘤的治疗与预后。其中,LCN2的存在形式不同,对铁的运输方式不同,决定其对肿瘤细胞增殖与凋亡的调控作用不同,以及LCN2对信号通路影响的差异,造成LCN2在不同肿瘤,甚至相同肿瘤的研究中获得不一致结果,具体机制尚待进一步研究。本文就LCN2蛋白的结构特征、LCN2蛋白与肿瘤进展的关系,及其在肿瘤进展中可能的作用机制进行综述,为进一步的药物开发与临床研究提供理论参考。     

miR-34a在幼鼠海马神经元细胞增殖和凋亡中的作用

目的:探讨miR-34a在幼鼠海马神经元细胞增殖凋亡中的作用。方法:分离幼鼠海马神经元细胞,转染miR-34a抑制剂(miR-34a inhibitor)、抑制剂对照(inhibitor control)、miR-34a模拟物(miR-34a mimics)、模拟物对照(mimics control),RT-PCR检测细胞中miR-34a表达水平。MTT检测转染后细胞增殖情况。流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡情况。Western blot检测细胞中Cleaved-caspase-3、Bcl-2、Bax的表达水平。结果:转染miR-34a inhibitor可以抑制miR-34a的表达,miR-34a mimics可以促进miR-34a的表达。miR-34a mimics对细胞增殖抑制率明显高于mimics control组(P0.05),miR-34a inhibitor组抑制率明显低于inhibitor control组(P0.05)。miR-34a inhibitor组神经元细胞凋亡率明显低于inhibitor control组(P0.05),miR-34a mimics组神经元细胞凋亡率明显高于mimics control组(P0.01),inhibitor control组和mimics control组神经元细胞凋亡率差异不显著(P0.05)。miR-34a inhibitor组Cleaved-caspase-3、Bax蛋白表达量低于inhibitor control组,差异显著(P0.05);miR-34a inhibitor组Bcl-2蛋白表达量高于inhibitor control组,差异显著(P0.05);miR-34a mimics组Cleaved-caspase-3、Bax蛋白表达量高于mimics control,差异显著(P0.05);miR-34a mimics组Bcl-2蛋白表达量低于mimics control,差异显著(P0.05)。结论:miR-34a抑制海马神经元细胞增殖,促进细胞凋亡,其作用机制可能与调控Cleaved-caspase-3、Bcl-2、Bax表达有关。     

miRNA-125a在脑卒中的作用及其机制研究

摘要 目的：探究miR-125a在脑卒中的作用及其分子机制,为miR-125a在脑缺血治疗中的应用提供理论基础。方法：收集正常和脑卒中患者的血浆,Realtime PCR检测miR-125a的表达水平,ROC曲线分析敏感性和特异性。Person相关性分析miR-125a表达水平与患者NIHSS评分和脑梗死体积的相关性。Realtime PCR检测MCAO模型大鼠脑皮质和血浆中miR-125a表达水平,并进行相关性分析。9.4T磁共振测量MCAO模型大鼠脑梗死体积。Realtime PCR和Western Blot法检测AQP4 mRNA和蛋白的表达水平。结果：研究一共收集到70例正常和50例缺血性脑卒中患者的血浆样本,两组在性别（χ² = 1.469,P = 0.225）和年龄（Z = -0.208,P = 0.835）上无差异。缺血性脑卒中患者血浆中miR-125a表达水平高于正常组（Z = -7.01,P = 0.000）。预后良好患者血浆中miR-125a表达水平低于预后不良患者（Z = -2.183,P = 0.029）。血浆中miR-125a表达水平在区分正常者和缺血性脑卒中患者的敏感性和特异性较好（ROC = 0.876,P = 0.000）。血浆中miR-125a表达水平与患者NIHSS评分正相关（r = 0.303,P = 0.032）,和脑梗死体积正相关性（r = 0.399,P = 0.004）。MCAO大鼠脑皮质中miR-125a表达水平升高（t = 8.918,P = 0.000）,血浆中miR-125a表达水平升高（t = 4.928,P = 0.000）,脑皮质与血浆中miR-125a表达水平呈正相关（r = 0.823,P = 0.044）。第3天时,sh-miR-125a组脑梗死体积小于NC组。sh-miR-125a组AQP4 mRNA和蛋白表达水平小于NC组。结论：血浆中miR-125a表达水平在区分正常和脑卒中患者具有较好的敏感性和特异性,抑制miR-125a表达会通过降低AQP4的表达,减少脑梗死体积,为miR-125a在诊断和治疗脑缺血中的应用提供了理论基础。     

An RDH‐Plin2 axis modulates lipid droplet size by antagonizing Bmm lipase

The size of lipid droplets varies greatly in vivo and is determined by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. From an RNAi screen in Drosophila, we found that knocking down subunits of COP9 signalosome (CSN) results in enlarged lipid droplets under high‐fat, but not normal, conditions. We identified CG2064, a retinol dehydrogenase (RDH) homolog, as the proteasomal degradation target of CSN in regulating lipid droplet size. RDH/CG2064 interacts with the lipid droplet‐resident protein Plin2 and the RDH/CG2064‐Plin2 axis acts to reduce the overall level and lipid droplet localization of Bmm/ATGL lipase. This axis is important for larval survival under prolonged starvation. Thus, we discovered an RDH‐Plin2 axis modulates lipid droplet size.     

线粒体E3泛素连接酶MARCH5表达上调促进肝癌生长

目的:膜相关锌指蛋白MARCH5(membrane-associated RING-CH 5)是定位于线粒体外膜的E3泛素连接酶,在调控线粒体分裂融合相关蛋白的表达中发挥重要作用。以往研究在多种肿瘤中证实了线粒体分裂融合的异常,但目前MARCH5在肝癌中的表达与生物学作用均不清楚。本研究旨在探讨MARCH5在肝癌组织与细胞系中的表达及其在肿瘤生长中的调控作用。方法:1).利用免疫组化实验检测62对肝癌癌与癌旁组织中MARCH5表达,以明确MARCH5在肝癌中的表达是否发生了异常改变。2).利用qRT-PCR与Western blot实验检测4株肝癌细胞(SNU-354、SNU-368、HLE与HLF)与1株正常肝细胞HL7702中MARCH5表达,进一步分析MARCH5在肝癌细胞系中的表达改变。3).下调肝癌细胞中MARCH5表达后,利用EDU实验与克隆形成实验分析对肝癌细胞增殖与克隆形成能力的影响。结果:1).MARCH5在肝癌组织中表达显著高于癌旁组织。2). MARCH5在4株肝癌细胞中的表达均显著高于正常肝细胞。3).下调MARCH5表达可显著抑制肝癌细胞的增殖与克隆形成。结论:MARCH5在肝癌中表达显著上调并通过诱导增殖与克隆形成而促进肝癌的生长。     

水稻OsRab5a基因功能的初步分析

水稻OsRab5a基因在根、茎、叶、根茎结合部和颖片及愈伤组织中均有表达;OsRab5a蛋白主要参与细胞内吞过程的早期膜泡运输,GFP—OsRab5a主要存在于细胞膜上和早期内吞小体中,而GFP—OsRab5aCA则大多存在于细胞膜上。OsRab5a RNA干涉载体转化水稻愈伤组织后,导致愈伤组织在分化过程中死亡,OsRab5a基因的表达略受细胞分裂素的诱导,在分化过程中表达增强,从而推测OsRab5a可能参与激素的信号转导而在愈伤分化过程中发挥重要作用。     

血清CD5L对肝脏疾病患者的临床意义研究

摘要 目的：检测CD5L水平在肝脏疾病患者血清中的变化,并分析其临床意义。方法：采用ELISA法检测41例慢性肝炎患者、192例肝硬化患者、69例肝癌患者和136例健康对照血清CD5L水平。全自动生化分析仪测定肝功能指标,Spearman相关性分析用于评估CD5L与肝功能指标的关系。受试者工作曲线（receiver operator characteristic, ROC）分析血清CD5L的潜在诊断价值。结果：与健康对照相比,CD5L水平在肝炎、肝硬化、肝癌患者中显著降低（P<0.01）。肝硬化患者血清CD5L水平较肝炎及肝癌患者显著降低（P<0.01）。肝硬化代偿期和失代偿期患者血清CD5L水平无显著差异。血清CD5L水平与FIB-4指数(肝纤维化评分)呈显著负相关（r=-0.2688,P=0.0001）。Spearman相关性分析结果显示：在肝炎患者中,血清CD5L与总胆红素（T-BIL）、直接胆红素（D-BIL）、间接胆红素（I-BIL）显著正相关;在肝硬化患者中,CD5L与其他肝功指标无显著相关性;在肝癌患者中,CD5L与碱性磷酸酶（ALP）显著正相关。以健康人为对照组,肝硬化患者为病例组,ROC分析显示血清CD5L的诊断特异性为85.3%,敏感性为77.1%。结论：CD5L水平在肝炎、肝硬化及肝癌患者血清中显著降低,且在肝硬化患者中最低。CD5L水平与肝纤维化评分FIB-4指数负相关,可作为监测肝纤维化进展的潜在生物标志物。     

Neutraligands of C5a can potentially occlude the interaction of C5a with the complement receptors C5aR1 and C5aR2

The complement system is central to the rapid immune response witnessed in vertebrates and invertebrates, which plays a crucial role in physiology and pathophysiology. Complement activation fuels the proteolytic cascade, which produces several complement fragments that interacts with a distinct set of complement receptors. Among all the complement fragments, C5a is one of the most potent anaphylatoxins, which exerts solid pro-inflammatory responses in a myriad of tissues by binding to the complement receptors such as C5aR1 (CD88, C5aR) and C5aR2 (GPR77, C5L2), which are part of the rhodopsin subfamily of G-protein coupled receptors. In terms of signaling cascade, recruitment of C5aR1 or C5aR2 by C5a triggers the association of either G-proteins or β-arrestins, providing a protective response under normal physiological conditions and a destructive response under pathophysiological conditions. As a result, both deficiency and unregulated activation of the complement lead to clinical conditions that require therapeutic intervention. Indeed, complement therapeutics targeting either the complement fragments or the complement receptors are being actively pursued by both industry and academia. In this context, the model structural complex of C5a–C5aR1 interactions, followed by a biophysical evaluation of the model complex, has been elaborated on earlier. In addition, through the drug repurposing strategy, we have shown that small molecule drugs such as raloxifene and prednisone may act as neutraligands of C5a by effectively binding to C5a and altering its biologically active molecular conformation. Very recently, structural models illustrating the intermolecular interaction of C5a with C5aR2 have also been elaborated by our group. In the current study, we provide the biophysical validation of the C5a-C5aR2 model complex by recruiting major synthetic peptide fragments of C5aR2 against C5a. In addition, the ability of the selected neutraligands to hinder the interaction of C5a with the peptide fragments derived from both C5aR1 and C5aR2 has also been explored. Overall, the computational and experimental data provided in the current study supports the idea that small molecule drugs targeting C5a can potentially neutralize C5a's ability to interact effectively with its cognate complement receptors, which can be beneficial in modulating the destructive signaling response of C5a under pathological conditions.     

环氧合酶-2/5-脂氧合酶抑制剂对酒精相关性口腔癌的抑制作用

目的:分析和比较选择性环氧合酶-2 (Cox-2)抑制剂塞来昔布、5-脂氧合酶(5-Lox)抑制剂齐留通及Cox/5-Lox双酶抑制剂利克飞龙对酒精相关性口腔癌的抑制作用。方法:选择66只C57BL/6小鼠,分为阴性对照组、模型组(4NQO组)、阳性对照组、齐留通干预组、塞来昔布干预组和利克飞龙干预组。阴性对照组不做任何处理,其余各组饮用50μg/m L四硝基喹啉-1-氧化物(4NQO)溶液16周后,阳性对照组及各干预组以8%酒精溶液代替饮用水喂养8周,同时开始分别用三蒸水和同等药量的齐留通、塞来昔布、利克飞龙(100 mg·kg-1·d-1)灌胃8周;于24周处死动物,取舌行组织病理学观察、BrdU免疫组化染色、蛋白质印迹法(Western-blot)检测舌组织中5-Lox、Cox-2蛋白的表达。结果:饮用酒精后,口腔癌发生率从16.7%增加到58.3%,5-Lox、Cox-2蛋白表达显著增加癌组织中BrdU阳性率显著升高。齐留通干预后,口腔癌发生率(41.7%)显著降低,5-Lox表达显著减少,Cox-2表达显著增加,Brd U阳性率显著降低;塞来昔布干预后,口腔癌发生率(50.0%)显著降低,Cox-2表达显著减少,5-Lox表达显著增加,BrdU阳性率显著降低;利克飞龙干预后,口腔癌发生率(25%),Brd U阳性率与阳性对照组、齐留通干预组和塞来昔布干预组相比均显著降低,5-Lox、Cox-2蛋白表达比阳性对照组显著减少(P0.05)。结论:酒精促进口腔癌变的过程可能与5-Lox和Cox-2的表达上调关系密切;齐留通和塞来昔布可以分别抑制5-Lox和Cox-2活性,使口腔癌的发生率显著降低;利克飞龙对口腔癌的抑制作用优于齐留通和塞来昔布。     

Structure and characterization of a high affinity C5a monoclonal antibody that blocks binding to C5aR1 and C5aR2 receptors

C5a is a potent anaphylatoxin that modulates inflammation through the C5aR1 and C5aR2 receptors. The molecular interactions between C5a–C5aR1 receptor are well defined, whereas C5a–C5aR2 receptor interactions are poorly understood. Here, we describe the generation of a human antibody, MEDI7814, that neutralizes C5a and C5adesArg binding to the C5aR1 and C5aR2 receptors, without affecting complement–mediated bacterial cell killing. Unlike other anti–C5a mAbs described, this antibody has been shown to inhibit the effects of C5a by blocking C5a binding to both C5aR1 and C5aR2 receptors. The crystal structure of the antibody in complex with human C5a reveals a discontinuous epitope of 22 amino acids. This is the first time the epitope for an antibody that blocks C5aR1 and C5aR2 receptors has been described, and this work provides a basis for molecular studies aimed at further understanding the C5a–C5aR2 receptor interaction. MEDI7814 has therapeutic potential for the treatment of acute inflammatory conditions in which both C5a receptors may mediate inflammation, such as sepsis or renal ischemia–reperfusion injury.     

Wnt5a/Ror2-induced upregulation of xPAPC requires xShcA

Ror receptor-tyrosine kinases act as Wnt-5a receptors in beta-catenin independent Wnt-signaling pathways. In Xenopus, expression of xPAPC is regulated by a Wnt-5a/Ror2 pathway, which resembles typical signaling cascades downstream of receptor-tyrosine kinases. Here, we have identified the phospho-tyrosine binding protein ShcA as an intracellular binding partner of Ror2. ShcA binds to a conserved motif in Ror2 via its SH2-domain. Wnt-5a induces clustering of Ror2 in the cell membrane and recruitment of ShcA to the Ror2 receptor complex. We further show that ShcA is co-expressed with Ror2 in developing Xenopus embryos and ShcA is required for Wnt-5a/Ror2 mediated upregulation of xPAPC, demonstrating the functional relevance of this interaction.