肿瘤干细胞标记物CD_(133)与miR-429在大肠癌组织中的表达及其相关性研究

目的:检测CD133不同亚群大肠癌细胞HT-29的miR-429表达情况,探讨miR-429及CD133的表达与肿瘤的发生发展之间的关系。方法:采用荧光活化细胞分选法(FACS)分选出CD133不同亚群细胞,实时荧光定量PCR分别检测两组细胞miR-429的表达,合成miR-429寡核苷酸和阴性对照miRNA并分别转染CD133+和CD133-两个亚群细胞。再将细胞种植于非肥胖糖尿病/严重联合免疫缺陷(NOD/SCID)小鼠体内构建移植瘤模型,不同时间测量肿瘤体积和重量,RT-PCR及蛋白质印迹检测CD133+和CD133-两组肿瘤CD133mRNA和蛋白质表达。结果:血清检出CD133+细胞为67.9%,miR-429的表达量是CD133+细胞的(1.83±0.91)倍(P0.05),CD133+比例与miR-429表达呈负相关(r=0.591,P0.05);miR-429+/CD133+组的移植瘤体积及重量与对照组比较有统计学差异(P0.05),且miR-429+/CD133+组成瘤时间较对照组晚约2周,但miR-429+/CD133+组的移植瘤CD133表达量低,与阴性对照组比较无明显差异(P0.05)。结论:miR-429可能作为CD133的负性调控因子,具有抑制肿瘤生长的作用,但miR-429与CD133在肿瘤发生、发展过程中的作用机制有待进一步研究阐明。     

肿瘤干细胞标记物CD133与miR-429在大肠癌组织中的表达及其相关性研究

目的：检测CD133不同亚群大肠癌细胞HT-29的miR-429表达情况,探讨miR-429及CD133的表达与肿瘤的发生发展之间的关系。方法：采用荧光活化细胞分选法（FACS）分选出CD133不同亚群细胞,实时荧光定量PCR分别检测两组细胞miR-429的表达,合成miR-429寡核苷酸和阴性对照miRNA并分别转染CD133＋和CD133＋两个亚群细胞。再将细胞种植于非肥胖糖尿病／严重联合免疫缺陷（NOD／SCID）小鼠体内构建移植瘤模型,不同时间测量肿瘤体积和重量,RT—PCR及蛋白质印迹检测CD133＋和CD133＋两组肿瘤CD133mRNA和蛋白质表达。结果：血清检出CD133＋细胞为67．9％,miR-429的表达量是CD133＋细胞的（1．83±0．91）倍（P〈0．05）,CD133＋比例与miR-429表达呈负相关（r=0．591,P〈0．05）;miR-429＋／CD133＋组的移植瘤体积及重量与对照组比较有统计学差异（P〈0．05）,且miR-429＋/CD133＋组成瘤时间较对照组晚约2周,但miR-429＋/CD133＋组的移植瘤CD133表达量低,与阴性对照组比较无明显差异（P〉0．05）。结论：miR-429可能作为CD133的负性调控因子,具有抑制肿瘤生长的作用,但miR-429与CD133在肿瘤发生、发展过程中的作用机制有待进一步研究阐明。     

miR-126 调控前列腺癌机制研究

miR-126通过靶向作用于表皮生长因子域7(EGFL7)、同源框A9(HOXA9)、胰岛素受体底物-1(IlLS-1)、p85-B基因等,在转录后水平调控靶基因表达,在肿瘤形成中起重要作用。前列腺癌细胞中高表达miR-126,能明显下调VEGF-A、EGLF7、HOXA9、VCAM-l等与肿瘤生长、转移密切相关的蛋白分子。miR-126作为抑癌因子,在多种肿瘤中均下调。其抑癌作用及机制在肺癌、白血病、乳腺癌、宫颈癌等中均已得到证实。本课题拟对miR-126调控前列腺癌机制做一综述。     

微小分子miR-125b新靶基因的鉴定及其功能初步研究

目的:利用生物信息学方法预测miR-125b的新靶基因,在肝癌细胞系中进行验证和结合位点的鉴定,为阐明miR-125b在肝癌发生发展中的作用和机制提供新线索。方法:Western印迹分析在肝癌细胞中过表达miR-125b后上皮-间充质转化(EMT)相关蛋白的表达情况;对肝癌患者肿瘤组织及癌旁组织的miR-125b表达差异进行实时定量PCR检测,同时对SNAIL1的表达情况进行免疫组化检测;用生物信息学方法预测miR-125b的新靶基因;利用双萤光素酶报告系统验证miR-125b在预测的新靶基因mRNA的3'非翻译区是否有直接结合位点;构建新靶基因的真核过表达载体,检测新靶基因过表达后对miR-125b表达水平的影响。结果:在肝癌细胞中过表达miR-125b可抑制细胞EMT过程,下调α平滑肌肌动蛋白、神经钙黏素的表达;miR-125b在肝癌患者肿瘤组织中的表达远低于癌旁组织,而SNAIL1作为调控EMT的主要转录因子之一,其在肿瘤组织中的入核比例明显高于癌旁组织;用TargetScan预测到snail1是miR-125b的潜在靶点之一,但双萤光素酶实验表明snail1并非miR-125b的直接靶基因。此外,我们意外发现在肝癌细胞中过表达SNAIL1可上调miR-125b的表达。结论:miR-125b可抑制肝癌EMT过程,但并非直接通过靶向snail1发挥作用,两者在肝癌细胞中存在着复杂的间接调控关系。     

miR-126调控前列腺癌机制研究

miR-126通过靶向作用于表皮生长因子域7（EGFL7）、同源框A9（HOXA9）、胰岛素受体底物-1（11LS-1）、p85-B基因等,在转录后水平调控靶基因表达,在肿瘤形成中起重要作用。前列腺癌细胞中高表达miR,126,能明显下调VEGF—A、EGLF7、HOXA9、VCAM—1等与肿瘤生长、转移密切相关的蛋白分子。miR-126作为抑癌因子,在多种肿瘤中均下调。其抑癌作用及机制在肺癌、白血病、乳腺癌、宫颈癌等中均已得到证实。本课题拟对miR-126调控前列腺癌机制做一综述。     

miR-29家族及其靶基因与恶性肿瘤关系的研究进展

微小RNA-29(microRNA-29,miR-29)家族成员包括miR-29a、miR-29b和miR-29c,是一类与器官纤维化密切相关的小分子RNA。近年研究发现,多种肿瘤组织中存在miR-29s的表达紊乱。miR-29家族不但具有抑癌作用,还有促癌作用,其有望成为肿瘤早期诊断、疗效检测或复发监测的重要新靶标。现就miR-29s及其靶基因在肿瘤细胞增殖、分化、凋亡、侵袭和转移中的作用及其研究进展进行综述。     

miR-429对乳腺癌干细胞干性维持和体内成瘤能力的影响

目的:探究miR-429在乳腺癌干性维持中所发挥的作用,并探索miR-429对乳腺癌干细胞体内成瘤能力的影响。方法:无血清悬浮培养法用于培养经流式细胞仪分选得到的CD44~+CD24~-表型乳腺癌细胞系干细胞MCF-7-S、SKBR3-S、MDA-MB-231-S及乳腺正常上皮干细胞MCF-10A-S,实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(qRT-PCR)用于检测miR-429在上述4株干细胞中的表达。将包含miR-429的重组慢病毒质粒及其阴性对照空载体质粒vector分别以病毒:细胞数量为15:1的比例感染MDA-MB-231细胞,经2.0μg/m L嘌呤霉素筛选,成功构建稳定表达miR-429或vector的MDA-MB-231细胞,经流式分选出上述两株稳转细胞株的CD44~+CD24~-表型干细胞MDA-MB-231-Svector和MDA-MB-231-SmiR-429。无血清悬浮培养后,镜下观察过表达miR-429对肿瘤球形成能力的影响,流式细胞术检测过表达miR-429对CD44~+CD24~-表型细胞亚群比例的影响,Western Blot检测过表达miR-429对乳腺癌干细胞干性相关因子ALDH1、SOX2和Bmi1蛋白表达的影响,将MDA-MB-231-Svector和MDA-MB-231-SmiR-429干细胞分别注射到BALB/c裸鼠右侧胸壁第二对乳腺脂肪垫中,构建乳腺癌干细胞裸鼠移植瘤模型,观察过表达miR-429对裸鼠体内成瘤能力的影响。结果:与MCF-10A-S相比,miR-429在MCF-7-S、SKBR3-S和MDA-MB-231-S细胞系中的表达水平均异常降低,其中,miR-429在MDA-MB-231-S细胞中表达最低(P0.05)。与MDA-MB-231-Svector细胞相比,经流式分选后的CD44~+CD24~-表型MDA-MB-231-SmiR-429干细胞形成的肿瘤球的大小和数量、分选时CD44~+CD24~-表型细胞亚群的比例、ALDH1、SOX2和Bmi1的蛋白表达水平以及裸鼠体内成瘤的体积和重量均显著降低(P0.05)。结论:miR-429可降低乳腺癌干细胞的干性和体内成瘤能力,其可能是抑制乳腺癌转移和耐药的关键分子。     

过表达miR-455抑制宫颈癌细胞SiHa的生长

研究表明,microRNA(miRNA)可作为癌基因或抑癌基因发挥功能、调控细胞增殖和凋亡等生物学行为,与肿瘤的发生发展密切相关. 在本研究中,我们检测了miR- 455在宫颈癌组织中的表达变化及其对宫颈癌SiHa细胞生物学功能的影响. Real- time PCR实验结果显示,miR-455在宫颈癌组织样本中较正常宫颈组织表达明显降低. 瞬时转染miR-455 mimics使其在SiHa细胞中过表达. CCK-8及流式细胞术分析显示, 过表达miR-455明显抑制细胞增殖,促进细胞凋亡,导致细胞G1/S期阻滞. Real- time PCR分析显示,PI3KR1,BCL2L2 mRNA明显降低.上述研究结果表明, miR-455可显著降低SiHa细胞存活能力,是一个潜在的抑癌基因.     

p53/miR-34a调控网络在肿瘤中的作用

MicroRNA是重要的调控分子,长约22 nt,属于非编码RNA,对肿瘤的发生和发展起着重要的作用。miR-34a是研究比较清楚的microRNA,目前认为是重要的抑癌micro RNA。p53是一个重要的抑癌基因。p53与miR-34a形成的正反馈调控网络具有抑制肿瘤细胞生长、转移及抑制肿瘤干细胞的功能。现综述p53/miR-34a调控网络研究的最新进展,并探讨其在肿瘤诊断及治疗中的应用。     

miR-190的表达下调有利于抑制结直肠癌

研究miR-190在结直肠癌(colorectal cancer,CC)患者中的表达和作用机制。采用Real-time PCR和探针原位杂交的方法检测miR-190在结直肠癌患者的癌组织和癌旁正常组织中的表达量变化。利用Targetscan数据库,寻找潜在的miR-190靶基因,并采用双荧光素酶报告基因验证。结果发现,相比于癌旁正常组织,miR-190在结直肠癌患者的癌组织中表达量显著下降(p0.000 1)。通过Targetscan数据库找到miR-190可作用于细胞因子IGF-1,双荧光素酶报告基因实验也证实了miR-190可以作用于IGF-1的3'UTR区域,从而抑制IGF-1的表达。在结直肠癌的发病过程中,miR-190表达量下降,导致IGF-1含量上升,进而促进了结肠癌的发展,miR-190具有抑癌作用。     

MiR-34a targets GAS1 to promote cell proliferation and inhibit apoptosis in papillary thyroid carcinoma via PI3K/Akt/Bad pathway

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are fundamental regulators of cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, and are implicated in tumorigenesis of many cancers. MiR-34a is best known as a tumor suppressor through repression of growth factors and oncogenes. Growth arrest specific1 (GAS1) protein is a tumor suppressor that inhibits cancer cell proliferation and induces apoptosis through inhibition of RET receptor tyrosine kinase. Both miR-34a and GAS1 are frequently down-regulated in various tumors. However, it has been reported that while GAS1 is down-regulated in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), miR-34a is up-regulated in this specific type of cancer, although their potential roles in PTC tumorigenesis have not been examined to date. A computational search revealed that miR-34a putatively binds to the 3′-UTR of GAS1 gene. In the present study, we confirmed previous findings that miR-34a is up-regulated and GAS1 down-regulated in PTC tissues. Further studies indicated that GAS1 is directly targeted by miR-34a. Overexpression of miR-34a promoted PTC cell proliferation and colony formation and inhibited apoptosis, whereas knockdown of miR-34a showed the opposite effects. Silencing of GAS1 had similar growth-promoting effects as overexpression of miR-34a. Furthermore, miR-34a overexpression led to activation of PI3K/Akt/Bad signaling pathway in PTC cells, and depletion of Akt reversed the pro-growth, anti-apoptotic effects of miR-34a. Taken together, our results demonstrate that miR-34a regulates GAS1 expression to promote proliferation and suppress apoptosis in PTC cells via PI3K/Akt/Bad pathway. MiR-34a functions as an oncogene in PTC.     

MiR-506 Suppresses Tumor Proliferation and Invasion by Targeting FOXQ1 in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

MiRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that play important roles in various biological processes including tumorigenesis. However, little is known about the expression and function of miR-506 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). In this study, we showed that miR-506 was downregulated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cell lines and tissues. Ectopic expression of miR-506 dramatically suppressed cell proliferation, colony formation and invasion. Moreover, we identified the Forkhead box Q1 (FOXQ1) gene as a novel direct target of miR-506. MiR-506 exerts its tumor suppressor function through inhibition of the FOXQ1, which was involved in tumor metastasis and proliferation in various cancers. Furthermore, the expression of FOXQ1 is up-regulated in NPC cell lines and tissues. Taken together, our results indicate that miR-506 functions as a tumor suppressor miRNA in NPC and that its suppressive effects are mediated chiefly by repressing FOXQ1 expression.     

Overexpression of MALAT1 contributes to cervical cancer progression by acting as a sponge of miR-429

Cervical cancer remains a malignant type of tumor and is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death among females. MALAT1 has been identified as a tumor oncogene in various cancers. Our present study aimed to explore the biological role of MALAT1 in cervical cancer. We observed that MALAT1 was significantly upregulated in human cervical cancer cell lines compared with the ectocervical epithelial cells. MALAT1 was repressed by transfection with LV-shMALAT1, whereas increased by LV-MALAT1 in HeLa and Caski cells. Silencing of MALAT1 obviously reduced cervical cell viability, induced cell apoptosis, and repressed cell invasion capacity. Conversely, overexpression of MALAT1 exhibited an opposite phenomenon. Furthermore, miR-429 was predicted as a direct target of MALAT1, and it was dramatically decreased in cervical cancer cells. It has been shown that miR-429 plays a crucial role in cervical cancer progression. In our current study, the targeting correlation between MALAT1 and miR-429 was confirmed by luciferase reporter assays and RIP experiments. Finally, in vivo animal models were established, and we indicated that MALAT1 inhibited cervical cancer progression via targeting miR-429. These findings revealed that MALAT1 can sponge miR-429 and regulate cervical cancer pathogenesis in vivo and in vitro. In conclusion, we indicated that the MALAT1/miR-429 axis was involved in cervical cancer development.     

分泌性白细胞蛋白酶抑制因子在肿瘤中的作用

分泌性白细胞蛋白酶抑制因子(secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor, SLPI)是一个可抑制多种丝氨酸蛋白酶活性的阳离子蛋白质。SLPI羧基端具有抑制糜蛋白酶、胰弹性蛋白酶等抗蛋白酶活性，氨基端的功能尚不清楚，可能具有抗菌、抗真菌、抗病毒、抗炎和免疫调节等活性。近年来研究发现，SLPI在有些癌症，如卵巢癌、肺癌、胃癌、结肠癌中表达升高，但在有些癌症如乳腺癌、前列腺癌、口腔癌中表达降低。目前，尚未完全了解SLPI在调控致癌效应中的作用。本文就SLPI在肿瘤及抗肿瘤中的可能作用及其机制进行综述，为SLPI在抗肿瘤中的应用提供新思路。     

Profiling of circular RNAs and circTPCN/miR-634/mTOR regulatory pathway in cervical cancer

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are highly stable forms of endogenous non-coding RNA molecules with diverse biological functions. Some of them have been demonstrated to play crucial roles in the initiation or development of cancers through regulation of gene expression. However, the profiles and the roles of circRNAs in tumorigenesis of cervical cancer remain largely unknown. In the current study, we investigated the expression profiles of circRNAs and their potential oncogenic mechanisms in cervical cancer. The expression patterns, obtained using a microarray assay, revealed a total of 192 differentially expressed circRNAs, of which 106 were upregulated and 86 were downregulated, in cervical cancer samples compared with normal cervical samples. The differential expression of circRNAs was validated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Two circRNAs (circTPCN and circFAM185A) were confirmed to be significantly upregulated in cervical cancer samples, indicating that they represent potential biomarkers of cervical cancer. The role and the potential molecular mechanism of circTPCN in cervical cancer tumorigenesis were further investigated. Knockdown of circTPCN significantly suppressed proliferation, migration, and invasion and increased apoptosis of cervical cancer cells in vitro. Molecular analysis revealed that circTPCN acted as a sponge of miR-634 to enhance mTOR expression. Thus, the circTPCN/miR-634/mTOR regulatory pathway might be involved in cervical cancer tumorigenesis, and circTPCN is a potential therapeutic target in cervical cancer.     

microRNA-802 inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in human cervical cancer by targeting serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 9

microRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in cancer development and progression by targeting mRNAs for degradation and/or translational repression. microRNA-802 (miR-802) has been reported as a tumor suppressor and its deregulation is observed in various human cancers. However, the prognostic value of miR-802 and its underlying mechanisms involved in human cervical cancer are poorly investigated. The purposes of this study were to explore the role of miR-802 in cervical cancer and to clarify the regulation of serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 9 (SRSF9) by miR-802. Here, we found that miR-802 was downregulated in both cervical cancer tissues and cell lines. Transfection of a miR-802 mimic into cervical cancer cells inhibited their proliferation and colony formation, and promoted cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase and cell apoptosis. In addition, we found that miR-802 could directly target the 3′-untranslated region of SRSF9 and suppress SRSF9 expression. Rescue experiments revealed that overexpression of SRSF9 partially reversed the inhibition effect of miR-802 in cervical cancer cells. Overall, these findings demonstrate that miR-802 functions as a tumor suppressor in cervical cancer by targeting SRSF9, suggesting that miR-802 might serve as a potential therapeutic target in cervical cancer.